1
|
Al-Radadi NS, Al-Bishri WM, Salem NA, ElShebiney SA. Plant-mediated green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using an aqueous extract of Passiflora ligularis, optimization, characterizations, and their neuroprotective effect on propionic acid-induced autism in Wistar rats. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101921. [PMID: 38283153 PMCID: PMC10820356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study was conducted to examine an innovative method for synthesizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from an aqueous sweet granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss) P. ligularis. Furthermore, the synthesized AuNPs were used to explore their potential neuroprotective impact against propionic acid (PPA)-induced autism. A sweet granadilla extract was used to achieve the synthesis of AuNPs. The structural and dimensional dispersion of AuNPs were confirmed by different techniques, including UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Pattern, Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Zeta potential, and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) analysis. The AuNPs mediated by P. ligularis adopt a spherical shape morphology and the particle size was distributed in the range of 8.43-13 nm without aggregation. Moreover, in vivo, the anti-autistic effects of AuNPs administration were higher than those of P. ligularis extract per second. In addition, the reduced anxiety and neurobehavioral deficits of AuNPs were observed in autistic rats which halted the brain oxidative stress, reduced inflammatory cytokines, ameliorated neurotransmitters, and neurochemical release, and suppressed apoptotic genes (p < 0.05). The alleviated antiapoptotic gene expression and histopathological analysis confirmed that the treatment of AuNPs showed significant neural pathways that aid in reducing tissue damage and necrosis. The results emphasize that the biomedical activity was increased by using the green source synthesis P. ligularis -AuNPs. Additionally, the formulation of AuNPs demonstrates strong neuroprotective effects against PPA-induced autism that were arbitrated by a range of different mechanisms, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuromodulator, and antiapoptotic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najlaa S. Al-Radadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, P.O. Box 30002, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 14177, Saudi Arabia
| | - Widad M. Al-Bishri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neveen A. Salem
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Narcotics, Ergogenic Aids and Poisons, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A. ElShebiney
- Department of Narcotics, Ergogenic Aids and Poisons, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Martins LC, Silva MDS, Pinheiro EF, da Penha LKRL, Passos ADCF, de Moraes SAS, Batista EDJO, Herculano AM, Oliveira KRHM. COCHLEAR GLIAL CELLS MEDIATES GLUTAMATE UPTAKE THROUGH A SODIUM-INDEPENDENT TRANSPORTER. Hear Res 2023; 432:108753. [PMID: 37054532 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Since glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian cochlea, the mechanisms for the removal of glutamate from the synaptic and extrasynaptic spaces are critical for maintaining normal function of this region. Glial cells of inner ear are crucial for regulation of synaptic transmission throughout since it closely interacts with neurons along the entire auditory pathway, however little is known about the activity and expression of glutamate transporters in the cochlea. In this study, using primary cochlear glial cells cultures obtained from newborn Balb/C mice, we determined the activity of a sodium-dependent and sodium-independent glutamate uptake mechanisms by means of High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The sodium-independent glutamate transport has a prominent contribution in cochlear glial cells which is similar to what has been demonstrated in other sensory organs, but it is not found in tissues less susceptible to continuous glutamate-mediated injuries. Our results showed that xCG- system is expressed in CGCs and is the main responsible for sodium-independent glutamate uptake. The identification and characterization of the xCG- transporter in the cochlea suggests a possible role of this transporter in the control of extracellular glutamate concentrations and regulation of redox state, that may aid in the preservation of auditory function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luana Carvalho Martins
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropharmacology, Biological Science Institute, UFPa. Belém, PA CEP:66075-110, Brazil
| | - Mateus Dos Santos Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropharmacology, Biological Science Institute, UFPa. Belém, PA CEP:66075-110, Brazil
| | - Emerson Feio Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropharmacology, Biological Science Institute, UFPa. Belém, PA CEP:66075-110, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Anderson Manoel Herculano
- Laboratory of Experimental Neuropharmacology, Biological Science Institute, UFPa. Belém, PA CEP:66075-110, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu M, Li H, Yang R, Ji D, Xia X. GSK872 and necrostatin-1 protect retinal ganglion cells against necroptosis through inhibition of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL pathway in glutamate-induced retinal excitotoxic model of glaucoma. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:262. [PMID: 36289519 PMCID: PMC9608931 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02626-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glaucoma, the major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Current treatments for glaucoma only slow or partially prevent the disease progression, failing to prevent RGCs death and visual field defects completely. Glutamate excitotoxicity via N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors plays a vital role in RGCs death in glaucoma, which is often accompanied by oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Methods The glutamate-induced R28 cell excitotoxicity model and NMDA-induced mouse glaucoma model were established in this study. Cell counting kit-8, Hoechst 33342/PI dual staining and lactate dehydrogenase release assay were performed to evaluate cell viability. Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining was used to detect apoptosis and necrosis rate. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) were used to detect oxidative stress in R28 cells. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines were measured by qRT-PCR. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to detect necroptotic morphological changes in RGCs. Retinal RGCs numbers were detected by immunofluorescence. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to detect retinal morphological changes. The expression levels of RIP1, RIP3, MLKL and NLRP3 inflammasome-related proteins were measured by immunofluorescence and western blotting. Results We found that glutamate excitotoxicity induced necroptosis in RGCs through activation of the RIP1/RIP3/MLKL pathway in vivo and in vitro. Administration of the RIP3 inhibitor GSK872 and RIP1 inhibitor necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) prevented glutamate-induced RGCs loss, retinal damage, neuroinflammation, overproduction of ROS and a decrease in GSH. Furthermore, after suppression of the RIP1/RIP3/MLKL pathway by GSK872 and Nec-1, glutamate-induced upregulation of key proteins involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation, including NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), was markedly inhibited. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the RIP1/RIP3/MLKL pathway mediates necroptosis of RGCs and regulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by glutamate excitotoxicity. Moreover, GSK872 and Nec-1 can protect RGCs from necroptosis and suppress NLRP3 inflammasome activation through inhibition of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL pathway, conferring a novel neuroprotective treatment for glaucoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02626-4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Liu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hosiptal, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hosiptal, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongliang Yang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hosiptal, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Ji
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hosiptal, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.452223.00000 0004 1757 7615Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hosiptal, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Soto-Verdugo J, Siva-Parra J, Hernández-Kelly LC, Ortega A. Acute Manganese Exposure Modifies the Translation Machinery via PI3K/Akt Signaling in Glial Cells. ASN Neuro 2022; 14:17590914221131452. [PMID: 36203371 PMCID: PMC9551334 DOI: 10.1177/17590914221131452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY STATEMENT We demonstrate herein that short-term exposure of radial glia cells to Manganese, a neurotoxic metal, induces an effect on protein synthesis, altering the protein repertoire of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Arturo Ortega
- Arturo Ortega, Departamento de Toxicología,
Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico
Nacional, México City, México, 07360.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Belo do Nascimento I, Damblon J, Ingelbrecht C, Goursaud S, Massart M, Dumont A, Desmet N, Hermans E. Pharmacological evidence for the concept of spare glutamate transporters. Neurochem Int 2021; 149:105142. [PMID: 34314789 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Through the efficient clearance of extracellular glutamate, high affinity astrocytic glutamate transporters constantly shape excitatory neurotransmission in terms of duration and spreading. Even though the glutamate transporter GLT-1 (also known as EAAT2/SLC1A2) is amongst the most abundant proteins in the mammalian brain, its density and activity are tightly regulated. In order to study the influence of changes in the expression of GLT-1 on glutamate uptake capacity, we have developed a model in HEK cells where the density of the transporter can be manipulated thanks to a tetracycline-inducible promoter. Exposing the cells to doxycycline concentration-dependently increased GLT-1 expression and substrate uptake velocity. However, beyond a certain level of induction, increasing the density of transporters at the cell surface failed to increase the maximal uptake. This suggested the progressive generation of a pool of spare transporters, a hypothesis that was further validated using the selective GLT-1 blocker WAY-213613 of which potency was influenced by the density of the transporters. The curve showing inhibition of uptake by increasing concentrations of WAY-213613 was indeed progressively rightward shifted when tested in cells where the transporter density was robustly induced. As largely documented in the context of cell-surface receptors, the existence of 'spare' glutamate transporters in the nervous tissue and particularly in astrocytes could impact on the consequences of physiological or pathological regulation of these transporters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês Belo do Nascimento
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Damblon
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Ingelbrecht
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Goursaud
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marion Massart
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amélie Dumont
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Desmet
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Hermans
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Müller FE, Schade SK, Cherkas V, Stopper L, Breithausen B, Minge D, Varbanov H, Wahl-Schott C, Antoniuk S, Domingos C, Compan V, Kirchhoff F, Henneberger C, Ponimaskin E, Zeug A. Serotonin receptor 4 regulates hippocampal astrocyte morphology and function. Glia 2020; 69:872-889. [PMID: 33156956 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes are an important component of the multipartite synapse and crucial for proper neuronal network function. Although small GTPases of the Rho family are powerful regulators of cellular morphology, the signaling modules of Rho-mediated pathways in astrocytes remain enigmatic. Here we demonstrated that the serotonin receptor 4 (5-HT4 R) is expressed in hippocampal astrocytes, both in vitro and in vivo. Through fluorescence microscopy, we established that 5-HT4 R activation triggered RhoA activity via Gα13 -mediated signaling, which boosted filamentous actin assembly, leading to morphological changes in hippocampal astrocytes. We investigated the effects of these 5-HT4 R-mediated changes in mixed cultures and in acute slices, in which 5-HT4 R was expressed exclusively in astrocytes. In both systems, 5-HT4 R-RhoA signaling changed glutamatergic synaptic transmission: It increased the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) in mixed cultures and reduced the paired-pulse-ratio (PPR) of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in acute slices. Overall, our present findings demonstrate that astrocytic 5-HT4 R-Gα13 -RhoA signaling is a previously unrecognized molecular pathway involved in the functional regulation of excitatory synaptic circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie K Schade
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Volodymyr Cherkas
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Laura Stopper
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Björn Breithausen
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical School, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Minge
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical School, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hristo Varbanov
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Svitlana Antoniuk
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Catia Domingos
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical School, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Valérie Compan
- Department of Sciences, Brain, Anorexia & Addiction, Nîmes University, Nîmes, France
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christian Henneberger
- Institute of Cellular Neurosciences, Medical School, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Andre Zeug
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
García-López AL, Hernández-Castillo J, Hernández-Kelly LC, Olivares-Bañuelos TN, Ortega A. Fluoride Exposure Affects Glutamine Uptake in Müller Glia Cells. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:765-774. [PMID: 32734566 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00263-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride, a pollutant present in contaminated ground water, oral care products, food, and pesticides, has deleterious effects in the structure and function of the central nervous system. Among the established neurological defects described in the exposed population, a reduced score in intelligence quotient tests in children of contaminated areas has gained attention over the past years. Maternal fluoride exposure during gestation decreases learning and memory abilities that correlate with a significant diminution of glutamate receptors expression. Since the involvement of glia cells in the maintenance and regulation of glutamatergic synapses is well-documented, in this contribution, we characterized the effect of fluoride exposure in the regulation of glia glutamine transporters. To this end, we used the Müller glia cell line, Mio-M1, and through the use of [3H]L-Glutamine uptake experiments and a Western blot approach, we demonstrate here the functional expression of system N of glutamine transporters, SNAT3 and SNAT5, in this model of human retina radial glia cells. Furthermore, these transporters interact with the glutamate transporter excitatory amino acid transporter 1, in an activity-dependent manner. Fluoride treatment reduces glutamine uptake and cell membrane [3H]glutamine surface binding, in good correlation with a decrease in SNAT3 and 5 protein levels. These results demonstrate that glia cells respond to the presence of fluoride reducing glutamine mobilization and by these means decreases glutamate turnover suggesting a disruption of glutamatergic transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana L García-López
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Apartado Postal 14-740, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jeanett Hernández-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Apartado Postal 14-740, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luisa C Hernández-Kelly
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Apartado Postal 14-740, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Tatiana N Olivares-Bañuelos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada, 22860, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Apartado Postal 14-740, 07360, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Amyloid Fibril-Induced Astrocytic Glutamate Transporter Disruption Contributes to Complement C1q-Mediated Microglial Pruning of Glutamatergic Synapses. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2290-2300. [PMID: 32008166 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01885-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The complement C1q plays a critical role in microglial phagocytosis of glutamatergic synapses and in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We recently reported that upregulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling is associated with increased synaptic C1q production and subsequent microglial phagocytosis of synapses in the rodent models of AD. Here, we explored the role of astrocytic glutamate transporter in the synaptic C1q production and microglial phagocytosis of hippocampal glutamatergic synapses in a rat model of AD. Activation of astrocyte and reduction glutamate transporter 1 (GLT1) were noted after bilateral microinjection of amyloid-beta (Aβ1-40) fibrils into the hippocampal CA1 area of rats. Ceftriaxone is a β-lactam antibiotic that upregulates GLT1 expression. Bilateral microinjection of ceftriaxone recovered GLT1 expression, decreased synaptic C1q production, suppressed microglial phagocytosis of glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampal CA1, and attenuated synaptic and cognitive deficits in rats microinjected with Aβ1-40. In contrast, artificial suppression of GLT1 activity by DL-threo-beta-benzyloxyaspartate (DL-TBOA) in naïve rats induced synaptic C1q expression and microglial phagocytosis of glutamatergic synapses in the hippocampal CA1 area, resulting in synaptic and cognitive dysfunction. These findings demonstrated that impairment of astrocytic glutamate transporter plays a role in the pathogenesis of AD.
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang S, Liao L, Huang Y, Wang M, Zhou H, Chen D, Liu F, Ji D, Xia X, Jiang B, Huang J, Xiong K. Pin1 Is Regulated by CaMKII Activation in Glutamate-Induced Retinal Neuronal Regulated Necrosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:276. [PMID: 31293391 PMCID: PMC6603237 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we reported that peptidyl-prolyl isomerase 1 (Pin1)-modulated regulated necrosis (RN) occurred in cultured retinal neurons after glutamate injury. In the current study, we investigated the role of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in Pin1-modulated RN in cultured rat retinal neurons, and in an animal in vivo model. We first demonstrated that glutamate might lead to calcium overloading mainly through ionotropic glutamate receptors activation. Furthermore, CaMKII activation induced by overloaded calcium leads to Pin1 activation and subsequent RN. Inactivation of CaMKII by KN-93 (KN, i.e., a specific CaMKII inhibitor) application can decrease the glutamate-induced retinal neuronal RN. Finally, by using an animal in vivo model, we also demonstrated the important role of CaMKII in glutamate-induced RN in rat retina. In addition, flash electroretinogram results provided evidence that the impaired visual function induced by glutamate can recover after CaMKII inhibition. In conclusion, CaMKII is an up-regulator of Pin1 and responsible for the RN induced by glutamate. This study provides further understanding of the regulatory pathway of RN and is a complementary mechanism for Pin1 activation mediated necrosis. This finding will provide a potential target to protect neurons from necrosis in neurodegenerative diseases, such as glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and even central nervous system diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuchao Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lvshuang Liao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanxia Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongkang Zhou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fengxia Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Dan Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bing Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jufang Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bupivacaine Indirectly Potentiates Glutamate-induced Intracellular Calcium Signaling in Rat Hippocampal Neurons by Impairing Mitochondrial Function in Cocultured Astrocytes. Anesthesiology 2018; 128:539-554. [DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000002003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Bupivacaine induces central neurotoxicity at lower blood concentrations than cardiovascular toxicity. However, central sensitivity to bupivacaine is poorly understood. The toxicity mechanism might be related to glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in hippocampal cells.
Methods
The intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species generation were measured by fluorescence and two-photon laser scanning microscopy in fetal rat hippocampal neurons and astrocytes.
Results
In astrocyte/neuron cocultures, 300 μM bupivacaine inhibited glutamate-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in astrocytes by 40% (P < 0.0001; n = 20) but significantly potentiated glutamate-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in neurons by 102% (P = 0.0007; n = 10). Ropivacaine produced concentration-dependent effects similar to bupivacaine (0.3 to 300 μM). Tetrodotoxin did not mimic bupivacaine’s effects. In pure cell cultures, bupivacaine did not affect glutamate-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in neurons but did inhibit increased [Ca2+]i in astrocytes. Moreover, bupivacaine produced a 61% decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential (n = 20) and a 130% increase in reactive oxygen species generation (n = 15) in astrocytes. Cyclosporin A treatment suppressed bupivacaine’s effects on [Ca2+]i, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species generation. When astrocyte/neuron cocultures were incubated with 500 μM dihydrokainic acid (a specific glutamate transporter–1 inhibitor), bupivacaine did not potentiate glutamate-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in neurons but still inhibited glutamate-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in astrocytes.
Conclusions
In primary rat hippocampal astrocyte and neuron cocultures, clinically relevant concentrations of bupivacaine selectively impair astrocytic mitochondrial function, thereby suppressing glutamate uptake, which indirectly potentiates glutamate-induced increases in [Ca2+]i in neurons.
Collapse
|
11
|
Chi-Castañeda D, Ortega A. Glial Cells in the Genesis and Regulation of Circadian Rhythms. Front Physiol 2018; 9:88. [PMID: 29483880 PMCID: PMC5816069 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are biological oscillations with a period of ~24 h. These rhythms are orchestrated by a circadian timekeeper in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, the circadian "master clock," which exactly adjusts clock outputs to solar time via photic synchronization. At the molecular level, circadian rhythms are generated by the interaction of positive and negative feedback loops of transcriptional and translational processes of the so-called "clock genes." A large number of clock genes encode numerous proteins that regulate their own transcription and that of other genes, collectively known as "clock-controlled genes." In addition to the sleep/wake cycle, many cellular processes are regulated by circadian rhythms, including synaptic plasticity in which an exquisite interplay between neurons and glial cells takes place. In particular, there is compelling evidence suggesting that glial cells participate in and regulate synaptic plasticity in a circadian fashion, possibly representing the missing cellular and physiological link between circadian rhythms with learning and cognition processes. Here we review recent studies in support of this hypothesis, focusing on the interplay between glial cells, synaptic plasticity, and circadian rhythmogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donají Chi-Castañeda
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.,Soluciones para un México Verde S.A. de C.V., Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
El-Ansary A, Al-Salem HS, Asma A, Al-Dbass A. Glutamate excitotoxicity induced by orally administered propionic acid, a short chain fatty acid can be ameliorated by bee pollen. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:96. [PMID: 28532421 PMCID: PMC5440900 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rodent models may guide investigations towards identifying either environmental neuro-toxicants or drugs with neuro-therapeutic effects. This work aims to study the therapeutic effects of bee pollen on brain glutamate excitotoxicity and the impaired glutamine-glutamate- gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) circuit induced by propionic acid (PPA), a short chain fatty acid, in rat pups. METHODS Twenty-four young male Western Albino rats 3-4 weeks of age, and 45-60 g body weight were enrolled in the present study. They were grouped into four equal groups: Group 1, the control received phosphate buffered saline at the same time of PPA adminstration; Group 2, received 750 mg/kg body weight divided into 3 equal daily doses and served as acute neurotoxic dose of PPA; Group 3, received 750 mg/kg body weight divided in 10 equal doses of 75 mg/kg body weight/day, and served as the sub-acute group; and Group 4, the therapeutic group, was treated with bee pollen (50 mg/kg body weight) for 30 days after acute PPA intoxication. GABA, glutamate and glutamine were measured in the brain homogenates of the four groups. RESULTS The results showed that PPA caused multiple signs of excitotoxicity, as measured by the elevation of glutamate and the glutamate/glutamine ratio and the decrease of GABA, glutamine and the GABA/glutamate ratio. Bee pollen was effective in counteracting the neurotoxic effects of PPA to a certain extent. CONCLUSION In conclusion, bee pollen demonstrates ameliorating effects on glutamate excitotoxicity and the impaired glutamine-glutamate-GABA circuit as two etiological mechanisms in PPA-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afaf El-Ansary
- Central Laboratory, Female Center for Medical Studies and Scientific Section, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Autism Research and Treatment Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Shaik AL-Amodi Autism Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Medicinal Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Huda S Al-Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alqahtani Asma
- Central Laboratory, Female Center for Medical Studies and Scientific Section, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Al-Dbass
- Department of Biochemistry, Science College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rodríguez A, Ortega A. Glutamine/Glutamate Transporters in Glial Cells: Much More Than Participants of a Metabolic Shuttle. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 16:169-183. [PMID: 28828610 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55769-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Glial glutamine and glutamate transporters play an important role in glial/neuronal interactions. An excellent model to establish the role of these membrane proteins is the cerebellum. The most abundant glutamatergic synapse in the central nervous system is present in the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex, and it is entirely wrapped by Bergmann glial cells. The recycling of glutamate involves glutamate and glutamine transporters enriched in these radial glial processes. The functional properties of amino acid glial transporters allow, in an activity-dependent manner, the conformation of protein complexes important for the adequate support of glutamatergic neurotransmission. A detailed description of the most important features of glial glutamate and glutamine transporters follows, and a working model of the molecular mechanisms by which these glutamate and glutamine binding proteins interact, and by these means might modulate cerebellar glutamatergic transactions, is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro, México
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Departamento de Toxicología, Cinvestav-IPN, Apartado Postal 14-740, México, DF, 07360, México.
| |
Collapse
|