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Lim J, Park J, Lee W, Choi HJ. GSK4716 enhances 5-HT1AR expression by glucocorticoid receptor signaling in hippocampal HT22 cells. Neurol Res 2024; 46:398-405. [PMID: 38555524 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2322180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptor 1A (5-HT1AR) is closely associated with serotonergic neurotransmission in the brain, being the most prevalent and widely distributed receptor of its kind. The purpose of this study is to investigate the regulation mechanism of 5-HT1AR by GSK4716. METHODS To investigate the mechanism of GSK4716-mediated 5-HT1AR regulation, we used hippocampus-derived HT22 cells expressing 5-HT1AR. The expression level of 5-HT1AR and associated proteins, were detected by reporter gene assay and western blotting. RESULTS GSK4716, an estrogen-related receptor gamma agonist increased 5-HT1AR expression by interacting with the GR, a repressor of 5-HT1AR transcription. Dexamethasone, a GR agonist, decreased the GSK4716-induced increase in 5-HT1AR, which was associated with an alteration in nuclear GR. Furthermore, GR antagonist RU486 reversed the effects induced by dexamethasone, including the elevation of nuclear GR levels and the reduction of 5-HT1AR transcription and expression. CONCLUSION The results could provide insight into the potential applications of small molecules, such as GSK4716, in the regulation of 5-HT1AR expression, which plays a role in serotonergic neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Lim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonwoong Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Fox SN, McMeekin LJ, Savage CH, Joyce KL, Boas SM, Simmons MS, Farmer CB, Ryan J, Pereboeva L, Becker K, Auwerx J, Sudarshan S, Ma J, Lee A, Roberts RC, Crossman DK, Kralli A, Cowell RM. Estrogen-related receptor gamma regulates mitochondrial and synaptic genes and modulates vulnerability to synucleinopathy. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:106. [PMID: 35982091 PMCID: PMC9388660 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00369-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies implicate mitochondrial dysfunction as a key contributor to cell loss in Parkinson disease (PD). Previous analyses of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons from patients with Lewy-body pathology revealed a deficiency in nuclear-encoded genes for mitochondrial respiration, many of which are targets for the transcription factor estrogen-related receptor gamma (Esrrg/ERRγ). We demonstrate that deletion of ERRγ from DAergic neurons in adult mice was sufficient to cause a levodopa-responsive PD-like phenotype with reductions in mitochondrial gene expression and number, that partial deficiency of ERRγ hastens synuclein-mediated toxicity, and that ERRγ overexpression reduces inclusion load and delays synuclein-mediated cell loss. While ERRγ deletion did not fully recapitulate the transcriptional alterations observed in postmortem tissue, it caused reductions in genes involved in synaptic and mitochondrial function and autophagy. Altogether, these experiments suggest that ERRγ-deficient mice could provide a model for understanding the regulation of transcription in DAergic neurons and that amplifying ERRγ-mediated transcriptional programs should be considered as a strategy to promote DAergic maintenance in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Fox
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - L J McMeekin
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - C H Savage
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - K L Joyce
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - S M Boas
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - M S Simmons
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - C B Farmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - J Ryan
- NeuroInitiative, LLC, Jacksonville, FL, 32207, USA
| | - L Pereboeva
- Department of Pediatrics, Infectious Disease, Neuroscience Vector and Virus Core, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35223, USA
| | - K Becker
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - J Auwerx
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Sudarshan
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - J Ma
- Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA
| | - A Lee
- NeuroInitiative, LLC, Jacksonville, FL, 32207, USA
| | - R C Roberts
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - D K Crossman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - A Kralli
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - R M Cowell
- Neuroscience Department, Drug Discovery Division, Southern Research, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA.
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Kim T, Kim HI, Oh H, Jeon Y, Shin H, Kim HS, Lim J, Lim C, Yoo J, Suh YG, Son WS, Choi HJ, Kim SH. Discovery of new ERRγ agonists regulating dopaminergic neuronal phenotype in SH-SY5Y cells. Bioorg Chem 2022; 122:105716. [PMID: 35303621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of small molecules that regulate specific neuronal phenotypes is important for the development of new therapeutic candidates for neurological diseases. Estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ), an orphan nuclear receptor widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), is closely related to the regulation of neuronal metabolism and differentiation. We previously reported that upregulation of ERRγ could enhance dopaminergic neuronal phenotypes in the neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of new ERRγ agonists using the X-ray crystal structure of the GSK4716-bound ERRγ complex and known synthetic ligands. Our new ERRγ agonists exhibited increased transcriptional activities of ERRγ. In addition, our molecular docking results supported the experimental findings for ERRγ agonistic activity of the potent analogue, 5d. Importantly, 5d not only enhanced the expression of dopaminergic neuronal-specific molecules, TH and DAT but also activated the relevant signaling events, such as the CREB-mediated signaling pathway. The results of the present study may provide useful clues for the development of novel ERRγ agonists for neurological diseases related to the dopaminergic nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewoo Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo In Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Haejun Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsu Jeon
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Su Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun 55338, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjin Lim
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jakyung Yoo
- D5 Therapeutics, A703, Hyundai-JisikSanEop Center, 3 Godeung-ro, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13105, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ger Suh
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sung Son
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seok-Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, 120 Haeryong-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11160, Republic of Korea.
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Liu Y, Hong H, Xue J, Luo J, Liu Q, Chen X, Pan Y, Zhou J, Liu Z, Chen T. Near-Infrared Radiation-Assisted Drug Delivery Nanoplatform to Realize Blood-Brain Barrier Crossing and Protection for Parkinsonian Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:37746-37760. [PMID: 34318658 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, which is directly involved in Parkinson's disease (PD), is characterized by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and aberrant energy metabolism. Thus, regulating mitochondrial function might be an effective strategy to treat PD. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) presents a significant challenge for the intracerebral delivery of drugs. Here, we synthesized a zeolitic imidazolate framework 8-coated Prussian blue nanocomposite (ZIF-8@PB), which was encapsulated with quercetin (QCT), a natural antioxidant, to treat PD. ZIF-8@PB-QCT exhibited superior near-infrared radiation (NIR) response and penetrated through the BBB to the site of mitochondrial damage guided by the photothermal effect. In the mice model of PD, the QCT released from ZIF-8@PB-QCT significantly increased the adenosine triphosphate levels, reduced the oxidative stress levels, and reversed dopaminergic neuronal damage as well as PD-related behavioral deficits without any damage to the normal tissues. Furthermore, we explored the underlying neuroprotective mechanism of ZIF-8@PB-QCT that was mediated by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Thus, combined with noninvasive NIR radiation, the biocompatible ZIF-8@PB-QCT nanocomposite could be used to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Honghai Hong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Jincheng Xue
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jingshan Luo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xiaojia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yue Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jingwei Zhou
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Zeming Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tongkai Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
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ERRγ ligand HPB2 upregulates BDNF-TrkB and enhances dopaminergic neuronal phenotype. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105423. [PMID: 33434621 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promotes maturation of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the midbrain and positively regulates their maintenance and outgrowth. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms regulating the BDNF signaling pathway in DAergic neurons may help discover potential therapeutic strategies for neuropsychological disorders associated with dysregulation of DAergic neurotransmission. Because estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) is highly expressed in both the fetal nervous system and adult brains during DAergic neuronal differentiation, and it is involved in regulating the DAergic neuronal phenotype, we asked in this study whether ERRγ ligand regulates BDNF signaling and subsequent DAergic neuronal phenotype. Based on the X-ray crystal structures of the ligand binding domain of ERRγ, we designed and synthesized the ERRγ agonist, (E)-4-hydroxy-N'-(4-(phenylethynyl)benzylidene)benzohydrazide (HPB2) (Kd value, 8.35 μmol/L). HPB2 increased BDNF mRNA and protein levels, and enhanced the expression of the BDNF receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y, differentiated Lund human mesencephalic (LUHMES) cells, and primary ventral mesencephalic (VM) neurons. HPB2-induced upregulation of BDNF was attenuated by GSK5182, an antagonist of ERRγ, and siRNA-mediated ERRγ silencing. HPB2-induced activation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphorylation of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) was responsible for BDNF upregulation in SH-SY5Y cells. HPB2 enhanced the DAergic neuronal phenotype, namely upregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and DA transporter (DAT) with neurite outgrowth, both in SH-SY5Y and primary VM neurons, which was interfered by the inhibition of BDNF-TrkB signaling, ERRγ knockdown, or blockade of ERK activation. HPB2 also upregulated BDNF and TH in the striatum and induced neurite elongation in the substantia nigra of mice brain. In conclusion, ERRγ activation regulated BDNF expression and the subsequent DAergic neuronal phenotype in neuronal cells. Our results might provide new insights into the mechanism underlying the regulation of BDNF expression, leading to novel therapeutic strategies for neuropsychological disorders associated with DAergic dysregulation.
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