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Goto Y, Nakajima K, Yamamoto S, Yamaguchi K. Supersaturation, a Critical Factor Underlying Proteostasis of Amyloid Fibril Formation. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168475. [PMID: 38311232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2024.168475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
From a physicochemical viewpoint, amyloid fibril formation is a phase transition from soluble to crystal-like sates limited by supersaturation. It occurs only above solubility (i.e., the solubility limit) coupled with a breakdown of supersaturation. Although many studies have examined the role of molecular chaperones in the context of proteostasis, the role of supersaturation has not been addressed. Moreover, although molecular chaperone-dependent disaggregations have been reported for preformed amyloid fibrils, amyloid fibrils will not dissolve above the solubility of monomers, even if agitations fragment long fibrils to shorter amyloid particles. On the other hand, on considering a reversible and coupled equilibrium of interactions, folding/unfolding and amyloid formation/disaggregation, molecules stabilizing native states can work as a disaggregase reversing the amyloid fibrils to monomers. It is likely that the proteostasis network has various intra- and extracellular components which disaggregate preformed amyloid fibrils as well as prevent amyloid formation. Further studies with a view of solubility and supersaturation will be essential for comprehensive understanding of proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Goto
- Microsonochemistry Joint Research Chair, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Kichitaro Nakajima
- Microsonochemistry Joint Research Chair, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yamaguchi
- Microsonochemistry Joint Research Chair, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Sulatsky MI, Stepanenko OV, Stepanenko OV, Povarova OI, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK, Sulatskaya AI. Broken but not beaten: Challenge of reducing the amyloids pathogenicity by degradation. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00161-9. [PMID: 38642804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The accumulation of ordered protein aggregates, amyloid fibrils, accompanies various neurodegenerative diseases (such as Parkinson's, Huntington's, Alzheimer's, etc.) and causes a wide range of systemic and local amyloidoses (such as insulin, hemodialysis amyloidosis, etc.). Such pathologies are usually diagnosed when the disease is already irreversible and a large amount of amyloid plaques have accumulated. In recent years, new drugs aimed at reducing amyloid levels have been actively developed. However, although clinical trials have demonstrated a reduction in amyloid plaque size with these drugs, their effect on disease progression has been controversial and associated with significant side effects, the reasons of which are not fully understood. AIM OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize extensive array of data on the effect of exogenous and endogenous factors (physico-mechanical effects, chemical effects of low molecular weight compounds, macromolecules and their complexes) on the structure and pathogenicity of mature amyloids for proposing future directions of the development of effective and safe anti-amyloid therapeutics. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW Our analysis show that destruction of amyloids is in most cases incomplete and degradation products often retain the properties of amyloids (including high and sometimes higher than fibrils, cytotoxicity), accelerate amyloidogenesis and promote the propagation of amyloids between cells. Probably, the appearance of protein aggregates, polymorphic in structure and properties (such as amorphous aggregates, fibril fragments, amyloid oligomers, etc.), formed because of uncontrolled degradation of amyloids, may be one of the reasons for the ambiguous effectiveness and serious side effects of the anti-amyloid drugs. This means that all medications that are supposed to be used both for degradation and slow down the fibrillogenesis must first be tested on mature fibrils: the mechanism of drug action and cytotoxic, seeding, and infectious activity of the degradation products must be analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim I Sulatsky
- Laboratory of Cell Morphology, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga V Stepanenko
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olesya V Stepanenko
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga I Povarova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina M Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Konstantin K Turoverov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna I Sulatskaya
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky ave., 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
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Nakajima K, Ota T, Toda H, Yamaguchi K, Goto Y, Ogi H. Surface Modification of Ultrasonic Cavitation by Surfactants Improves Detection Sensitivity of α-Synuclein Amyloid Seeds. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1643-1651. [PMID: 38546732 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid amplification and sensitive detection of α-synuclein (αSyn) seeds is an efficient approach for the early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Ultrasonication stands out as a promising method for the rapid amplification of αSyn seeds because of its robust fibril fragmentation capability. However, ultrasonication also induces the primary nucleation of αSyn monomers, deteriorating the seed detection sensitivity by generating seed-independent fibrils. In this study, we show that an addition of surfactants to the αSyn monomer solution during αSyn seed detection under ultrasonication remarkably improves the detection sensitivity of the αSyn seeds by a factor of 100-1000. Chemical kinetic analysis reveals that these surfactants reduce the rate of primary nucleation while promoting the fragmentation of the αSyn fibrils under ultrasonication. These effects are attributed to the modification of the ultrasonic cavitation surface by the surfactants. Our study enhances the utility of ultrasonication in clinical assays targeting αSyn seeds as the Parkinson's disease biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kichitaro Nakajima
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ota
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hajime Toda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Goto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Ogi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Nakajima K, Yamaguchi K, Noji M, Aguirre C, Ikenaka K, Mochizuki H, Zhou L, Ogi H, Ito T, Narita I, Gejyo F, Naiki H, Yamamoto S, Goto Y. Macromolecular crowding and supersaturation protect hemodialysis patients from the onset of dialysis-related amyloidosis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5689. [PMID: 36192385 PMCID: PMC9530240 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33247-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA), a serious complication among long-term hemodialysis patients, is caused by amyloid fibrils of β2-microglobulin (β2m). Although high serum β2m levels and a long dialysis vintage are the primary and secondary risk factors for the onset of DRA, respectively, patients with these do not always develop DRA, indicating that there are additional risk factors. To clarify these unknown factors, we investigate the effects of human sera on β2m amyloid fibril formation, revealing that sera markedly inhibit amyloid fibril formation. Results from over 100 sera indicate that, although the inhibitory effects of sera deteriorate in long-term dialysis patients, they are ameliorated by maintenance dialysis treatments in the short term. Serum albumin prevents amyloid fibril formation based on macromolecular crowding effects, and decreased serum albumin concentration in dialysis patients is a tertiary risk factor for the onset of DRA. We construct a theoretical model assuming cumulative effects of the three risk factors, suggesting the importance of monitoring temporary and accumulated risks to prevent the development of amyloidosis, which occurs based on supersaturation-limited amyloid fibril formation in a crowded milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kichitaro Nakajima
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yamaguchi
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Noji
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8316, Japan
| | - César Aguirre
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kensuke Ikenaka
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Lianjie Zhou
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Ogi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toru Ito
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Fumitake Gejyo
- Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata, 956-8603, Japan
| | - Hironobu Naiki
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Yuji Goto
- Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan. .,Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Supersaturation-Dependent Formation of Amyloid Fibrils. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144588. [PMID: 35889461 PMCID: PMC9321232 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The supersaturation of a solution refers to a non-equilibrium phase in which the solution is trapped in a soluble state, even though the solute’s concentration is greater than its thermodynamic solubility. Upon breaking supersaturation, crystals form and the concentration of the solute decreases to its thermodynamic solubility. Soon after the discovery of the prion phenomena, it was recognized that prion disease transmission and propagation share some similarities with the process of crystallization. Subsequent studies exploring the structural and functional association between amyloid fibrils and amyloidoses solidified this paradigm. However, recent studies have not necessarily focused on supersaturation, possibly because of marked advancements in structural studies clarifying the atomic structures of amyloid fibrils. On the other hand, there is increasing evidence that supersaturation plays a critical role in the formation of amyloid fibrils and the onset of amyloidosis. Here, we review the recent evidence that supersaturation plays a role in linking unfolding/folding and amyloid fibril formation. We also introduce the HANABI (HANdai Amyloid Burst Inducer) system, which enables high-throughput analysis of amyloid fibril formation by the ultrasonication-triggered breakdown of supersaturation. In addition to structural studies, studies based on solubility and supersaturation are essential both to developing a comprehensive understanding of amyloid fibrils and their roles in amyloidosis, and to developing therapeutic strategies.
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