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Feng Y, Huang Z, Ma X, Zong X, Xu P, Lin HW, Zhang Q. Intermittent theta-burst stimulation alleviates hypoxia-ischemia-caused myelin damage and neurologic disability. Exp Neurol 2024; 378:114821. [PMID: 38782349 PMCID: PMC11214828 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) results in behavioral deficits, characterized by neuronal injury and retarded myelin formation. To date, limited treatment methods are available to prevent or alleviate neurologic sequelae of HI. Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS), a non-invasive therapeutic procedure, is considered a promising therapeutic tool for treating some neurocognitive disorders and neuropsychiatric diseases. Hence, this study aims to investigate whether iTBS can prevent the negative behavioral manifestations of HI and explore the mechanisms for associations. We exposed postnatal day 10 Sprague-Dawley male and female rats to 2 h of hypoxia (6% O2) following right common carotid artery ligation, resulting in oligodendrocyte (OL) dysfunction, including reduced proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), decreased OL survival, and compromised myelin in the corpus callosum (CC) and hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). These alterations were concomitant with cognitive dysfunction and depression-like behaviors. Crucially, early iTBS treatment (15 G, 190 s, seven days, initiated one day post-HI) significantly alleviated HI-caused myelin damage and mitigated the neurologic sequelae both in male and female rats. However, the late iTBS treatment (initiated 18 days after HI insult) could not significantly impact these behavioral deficits. In summary, our findings support that early iTBS treatment may be a promising strategy to improve HI-induced neurologic disability. The underlying mechanisms of iTBS treatment are associated with promoting the differentiation of OPCs and alleviating myelin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, LA 71103, USA
| | - Zhihai Huang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, LA 71103, USA
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, LA 71103, USA
| | - Xuemei Zong
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, LA 71103, USA
| | - Peisheng Xu
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina, College of Pharmacy, 715 Sumter Street, CLS609D, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Hung Wen Lin
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, LA 71103, USA
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, LA 71103, USA.
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Feng Y, Huang Z, Ma X, Zong X, Tesic V, Ding B, Wu CYC, Lee RHC, Zhang Q. Photobiomodulation Inhibits Ischemia-Induced Brain Endothelial Senescence via Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:633. [PMID: 38929072 PMCID: PMC11200452 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests that photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) positively impacts the vascular function associated with various cerebrovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms by which PBMT improves vascular function remain ambiguous. Since endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is crucial in regulating vascular function following cerebral ischemia, we investigated whether eNOS is a key element controlling cerebrovascular function and the senescence of vascular endothelial cells following PBMT treatment. Both rat photothrombotic (PT) stroke and in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced vascular endothelial injury models were utilized. We demonstrated that treatment with PBMT (808 nm, 350 mW/cm2, 2 min/day) for 7 days significantly reduced PT-stroke-induced vascular permeability. Additionally, PBMT inhibited the levels of endothelial senescence markers (senescence green and p21) and antiangiogenic factor (endostatin), while increasing the phospho-eNOS (Ser1177) in the peri-infarct region following PT stroke. In vitro study further indicated that OGD increased p21, endostatin, and DNA damage (γH2AX) levels in the brain endothelial cell line, but they were reversed by PBMT. Intriguingly, the beneficial effects of PBMT were attenuated by a NOS inhibitor. In summary, these findings provide novel insights into the role of eNOS in PBMT-mediated protection against cerebrovascular senescence and endothelial dysfunction following ischemia. The use of PBMT as a therapeutic is a promising strategy to improve endothelial function in cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Feng
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Zhihai Huang
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Xuemei Zong
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Vesna Tesic
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Baojin Ding
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Celeste Yin-Chieh Wu
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Reggie Hui-Chao Lee
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Institute for Cerebrovascular and Neuroregeneration Research, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
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Huang Z, Hamblin MR, Zhang Q. Photobiomodulation in experimental models of Alzheimer's disease: state-of-the-art and translational perspectives. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:114. [PMID: 38773642 PMCID: PMC11106984 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant public health problem, affecting millions of people across the world. Despite decades of research into therapeutic strategies for AD, effective prevention or treatment for this devastating disorder remains elusive. In this review, we discuss the potential of photobiomodulation (PBM) for preventing and alleviating AD-associated pathologies, with a focus on the biological mechanisms underlying this therapy. Future research directions and guidance for clinical practice for this non-invasive and non-pharmacological therapy are also highlighted. The available evidence indicates that different treatment paradigms, including transcranial and systemic PBM, along with the recently proposed remote PBM, all could be promising for AD. PBM exerts diverse biological effects, such as enhancing mitochondrial function, mitigating the neuroinflammation caused by activated glial cells, increasing cerebral perfusion, improving glymphatic drainage, regulating the gut microbiome, boosting myokine production, and modulating the immune system. We suggest that PBM may serve as a powerful therapeutic intervention for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihai Huang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Quanguang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
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Ding L, Gu Z, Chen H, Wang P, Song Y, Zhang X, Li M, Chen J, Han H, Cheng J, Tong Z. Phototherapy for age-related brain diseases: Challenges, successes and future. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 94:102183. [PMID: 38218465 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Brain diseases present a significant obstacle to both global health and economic progress, owing to their elusive pathogenesis and the limited effectiveness of pharmaceutical interventions. Phototherapy has emerged as a promising non-invasive therapeutic modality for addressing age-related brain disorders, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD), among others. This review examines the recent progressions in phototherapeutic interventions. Firstly, the article elucidates the various wavelengths of visible light that possess the capability to penetrate the skin and skull, as well as the pathways of light stimulation, encompassing the eyes, skin, veins, and skull. Secondly, it deliberates on the molecular mechanisms of visible light on photosensitive proteins, within the context of brain disorders and other molecular pathways of light modulation. Lastly, the practical application of phototherapy in diverse clinical neurological disorders is indicated. Additionally, this review presents novel approaches that combine phototherapy and pharmacological interventions. Moreover, it outlines the limitations of phototherapeutics and proposes innovative strategies to improve the treatment of cerebral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ding
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Ziqi Gu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Haishu Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Yilan Song
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Xincheng Zhang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Jinhan Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Hongbin Han
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Equipment and Technique, NMPA key Laboratory for Evaluation of Medical Imaging Equipment and Technique, Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- Department of neurology, the first affiliated hospital of Wenzhou medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Zhiqian Tong
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China.
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Chen Z, Li M, Wu C, Su Y, Feng S, Deng Q, Zou P, Liu TCY, Duan R, Yang L. Photobiomodulation therapy alleviates repeated closed head injury-induced anxiety-like behaviors. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300343. [PMID: 37909411 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Repeated closed head injury (rCHI) is one of the most common brain injuries. Although extensive studies have focused on how to treat rCHI-induced brain injury and reduce the possibility of developing memory deficits, the prevention of rCHI-induced anxiety has received little research attention. The current study was designed to assess the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy in preventing anxiety following rCHI. The rCHI disease model was constructed by administering three repeated closed-head injuries within an interval 5 days. 2-min daily PBM therapy using an 808 nm continuous wave laser at 350 mW/cm2 on the scalp was implemented for 20 days. We found that PBM significantly ameliorated rCHII-induced anxiety-like behaviors, neuronal apoptosis, neuronal injury, promotes astrocyte/microglial polarization to anti-inflammatory phenotype, preserves mitochondrial fusion-related protein MFN2, attenuates the elevated mitochondrial fission-related protein DRP1, and mitigates neuronal senescence. We concluded that PBM therapy possesses great potential in preventing anxiety following rCHI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongyun Wu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlin Su
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shu Feng
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianting Deng
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peibin Zou
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Timon Cheng-Yi Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Duan
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Liang J, Li H, Liu CD, Zhou XY, Fu YY, Ma XY, Liu D, Chen YL, Feng Q, Zhang Z, Wen XR, Zhu G, Wang N, Song YJ. TAT-W61 peptide attenuates neuronal injury through blocking the binding of S100b to the V-domain of Rage during ischemic stroke. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:231-245. [PMID: 38051341 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a devastative nervous system disease associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Unfortunately, no clinically effective neuroprotective drugs are available now. In ischemic stroke, S100 calcium-binding protein b (S100b) binds to receptor for advanced glycation end products (Rage), leading to the neurological injury. Therefore, disruption of the interaction between S100B and Rage can rescue neuronal cells. Here, we designed a peptide, termed TAT-W61, derived from the V domain of Rage which can recognize S100b. Intriguingly, TAT-W61 can reduce the inflammatory caused by ischemic stroke through the direct binding to S100b. The further investigation demonstrated that TAT-W61 can improve pathological infarct volume and reduce the apoptotic rate. Particularly, TAT-W61 significantly improved the learning ability, memory, and motor dysfunction of the mouse in the ischemic stroke model. Our study provides a mechanistic insight into the abnormal expression of S100b and Rage in ischemic stroke and yields an invaluable candidate for the development of drugs in tackling ischemic stroke. KEY MESSAGES: S100b expression is higher in ischemic stroke, in association with a high expression of many genes, especially of Rage. S100b is directly bound to the V-domain of Rage. Blocking the binding of S100b to Rage improves the injury after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liang
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hui Li
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Chang-Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 00000, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yan-Yan Fu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Ma
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yu-Ling Chen
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qian Feng
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xiang-Ru Wen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Guang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 00000, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuan-Jian Song
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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Ramakrishnan P, Joshi A, Fazil M, Yadav P. A comprehensive review on therapeutic potentials of photobiomodulation for neurodegenerative disorders. Life Sci 2024; 336:122334. [PMID: 38061535 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
A series of experimental trials over the past two centuries has put forth Photobiomodulation (PBM) as a treatment modality that utilizes colored lights for various conditions. While in its cradle, PBM was used for treating simple conditions such as burns and wounds, advancements in recent years have extended the use of PBM for treating complex neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). PBM has exhibited the potential to curb several symptoms and signs associated with NDDs. While several of the currently used therapeutics cause adverse side effects alongside being highly invasive, PBM on the contrary, seems to be broad-acting, less toxic, and non-invasive. Despite being projected as an ideal therapeutic for NDDs, PBM still isn't considered a mainstream treatment modality due to some of the challenges and knowledge gaps associated with it. Here, we review the advantages of PBM summarized above with an emphasis on the common mechanisms that underlie major NDDs and how PBM helps tackle them. We also discuss important questions such as whether PBM should be considered a mainstay treatment modality for these conditions and if PBM's properties can be harnessed to develop prophylactic therapies for high-risk individuals and also highlight important animal studies that underscore the importance of PBM and the challenges associated with it. Overall, this review is intended to bring the major advances made in the field to the spotlight alongside addressing the practicalities and caveats to develop PBM as a major therapeutic for NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Ramakrishnan
- Fly Laboratory # 210, Anusandhan Kendra-II, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Aradhana Joshi
- Fly Laboratory # 210, Anusandhan Kendra-II, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Mohamed Fazil
- Fly Laboratory # 210, Anusandhan Kendra-II, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Fly Laboratory # 210, Anusandhan Kendra-II, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Chang SY, Lee MY. Photobiomodulation of Neurogenesis through the Enhancement of Stem Cell and Neural Progenitor Differentiation in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15427. [PMID: 37895108 PMCID: PMC10607539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is the regulation of biological processes using light energy from sources such as lasers or light-emitting diodes. Components of the nervous system, such as the brain and peripheral nerves, are important candidate PBM targets due to the lack of therapeutic modalities for the complete cure of neurological diseases. PBM can be applied either to regenerate damaged organs or to prevent or reduce damage caused by disease. Although recent findings have suggested that neural cells can be regenerated, which contradicts our previous understanding, neural structures are still thought to have weaker regenerative capacity than other systems. Therefore, enhancing the regenerative capacity of the nervous system would aid the future development of therapeutics for neural degeneration. PBM has been shown to enhance cell differentiation from stem or progenitor cells to near-target or target cells. In this review, we have reviewed research on the effects of PBM on neurogenesis in the central nervous system (e.g., animal brains) and the peripheral nervous system (e.g., peripheral sensory neural structures) and sought its potential as a therapeutic tool for intractable neural degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Chang
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Min Young Lee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head &Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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