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Tian H, Zhu H, Gao C, Shi M, Yang D, Jin M, Wang F, Sui X. System-level biological effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields: an in vivo experimental review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1247021. [PMID: 37869515 PMCID: PMC10590107 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1247021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During the past decades, the potential effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) on human health have gained great interest all around the world. Though the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection recommended a 100 μT, and then a 200 μT magnetic field limit, the long-term effects of ELF-EMFs on organisms and systems need to be further investigated. It was reported that both electrotherapy and possible effects on human health could be induced under ELF-EM radiation with varied EM frequencies and fields. This present article intends to systematically review the in vivo experimental outcome and the corresponding mechanisms to shed some light on the safety considerations of ELF-EMFs. This will further advance the subsequent application of electrotherapy in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Tian
- Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Haozheng Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhao Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxia Shi
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dekun Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyu Jin
- State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghua Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Sui
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Georgas E, Yuan M, Chen J, Wang Y, Qin YX. Bioactive superparamagnetic iron oxide-gold nanoparticles regulated by a dynamic magnetic field induce neuronal Ca2+ influx and differentiation. Bioact Mater 2023; 26:478-489. [PMID: 37090028 PMCID: PMC10113789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Treating neurodegenerative diseases, e.g., Alzheimer's Disease, remains a significant challenge due to the limited neuroregeneration rate in the brain. The objective of this study is to evaluate the hypothesis that external magnetic field (MF) stimulation of nerve growth factor functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide-gold (NGF-SPIO-Au) nanoparticles (NPs) can induce Ca2+ influx, membrane depolarization, and enhance neuron differentiation with dynamic MF (DMF) outperforming static MF (SMF) regulation. We showed the that total intracellular Ca2+ influx of PC-12 cells was improved by 300% and 535% by the stimulation of DMF (1 Hz, 0.5 T, 30min) with NGF-SPIO-Au NPs compared to DMF alone and SMF with NGF-SPIO-Au NPs, respectively, which was attributed to successive membrane depolarization. Cellular uptake performed with the application of sodium azide proved that DMF enhanced cellular uptake of NGF-SPIO-Au NPs via endocytosis. In addition, DMF upregulated both the neural differentiation marker (β3-tubulin) and the cell adhesive molecule (integrin-β1) with the existence of NGF-SPIO-Au NPs, while SMF did not show these effects. The results imply that noninvasive DMF-stimulated NPs can regulate intracellular Ca2+ influx and enhance neuron differentiation and neuroregeneration rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Georgas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Muzhaozi Yuan
- J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jingfan Chen
- J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ya Wang
- J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Yi-Xian Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, United States
- Corresponding author. Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, United States.
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Salari M, Eftekhar-Vaghefi SH, Asadi-Shekaari M, Esmaeilpour K, Solhjou S, Amiri M, Ahmadi-Zeidabadi M. Impact of ketamine administration on chronic unpredictable stress-induced rat model of depression during extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure: Behavioral, histological and molecular study. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2986. [PMID: 37032465 PMCID: PMC10176018 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the study, we examined the effects of ketamine and extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on depression-like behavior, learning and memory, expression of GFAP, caspase-3, p53, BDNF, and NMDA receptor in animals subjected to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). METHODS After applying 21 days of chronic unpredictable stress, male rats received intraperitoneal (IP) of ketamine (5 mg/kg) and then were exposed to ELF-EMF (10-Hz, 10-mT exposure conditions) for 3 days (3 h per day) and behavioral assessments were performed 24 h after the treatments. Instantly after the last behavioral test, the brain was extracted for Nissl staining, immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR analyses. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to assess the effect of ketamine and ELF-EMF on the expression of astrocyte marker (glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP) in the CA1 area of the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Also, real-time PCR analyses were used to investigate the impacts of the combination of ketamine and ELF-EMF on the expression of caspase3, p53, BDNF, and NMDA receptors in the hippocampus in rats submitted to the CUS procedure. Results were considered statistically significant when p < .05. RESULTS Our results revealed that the combination of ketamine and ELF-EMF increased depression-like behavior, increased degenerated neurons and decreased the number of GFAP (+) cells in the CA1 area and mPFC, incremented the expression of caspase-3, and reduced the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus but showed no effect on the expression of p53 and NMDA-R. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal that combining ketamine and ELF-EMF has adverse effects on animals under chronic unpredictable stress (CUS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Salari
- Department of Anatomy, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Eftekhar-Vaghefi
- Department of Anatomy, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Majid Asadi-Shekaari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Esmaeilpour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Somayeh Solhjou
- Department of Anatomy, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Meysam Ahmadi-Zeidabadi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Treatment with Pulsed Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field (PELF-EMF) Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effect in Compression Spinal Cord Injury Model. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020325. [PMID: 35203533 PMCID: PMC8869291 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) pathology includes both primary and secondary events. The primary injury includes the original traumatic event, and the secondary injury, beginning immediately after the initial injury, involves progressive neuroinflammation, neuronal excitotoxicity, gliosis, and degeneration. Currently, there is no effective neuroprotective treatment for SCI. However, an accumulating body of data suggests that PELF-EMF has beneficial therapeutic effects on neurotrauma. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of the PELF-EMF SEQEX device using a compression SCI mouse model. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were exposed to PELF-EMF for 4 h on a daily basis for two months, beginning 2 h after a mild-moderate compression SCI. Results: The PELF-EMF treatment significantly diminished inflammatory cell infiltration and astrocyte activation by reducing Iba1, F4/80, CD68+ cells, and GAFP at the lesion borders, and increased pro-survival signaling, such as BDNF, on the neuronal cells. Moreover, the treatment exhibited a neuroprotective effect by reducing the demyelination of the axons of the white matter at the lesion’s center. Conclusions: Treatment with SEQEX demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Considering our results, this safe and effective rehabilitative device, already available on the market, may provide a major therapeutic asset in the treatment of SCI.
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Colella M, Camera F, Capone F, Setti S, Cadossi R, Di Lazzaro V, Apollonio F, Liberti M. Patient Semi-specific Computational Modeling of Electromagnetic Stimulation Applied to Neuroprotective Treatments in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2945. [PMID: 32075993 PMCID: PMC7031527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59471-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroprotective effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) have been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, preliminary clinical studies have been conducted and suggested PEMFs as a possible alternative therapy to treat acute ischemic stroke. In this work, we show that it's possible to build-up a patient semi-specific head model, where the 3D reconstruction of the ischemic lesion of the patient under treatment is inserted in the head of the human body model "Duke" (v.1.0, Zurich MedTech AG). The semi-specific model will be used in the randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study currently ongoing. Three patients were modelled and simulated, and results showed that each ischemic lesion experiences a magnetic flux density field comparable to the one for which biological effects have been attested. Such a kind of dosimetric analysis reveals a reliable tool to assess the correlation between levels of exposure and the beneficial effect. Thus, once the on-going double blind study is complete it will prove if PEMFs treatment triggers a clinical effect, and we will then be able to characterize a dose-response curve with the methodology arranged in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micol Colella
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Camera
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Fioravante Capone
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Apollonio
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
- Pervasive Electromagnetics Lab, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Micaela Liberti
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
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Static Magnetic Field Induced Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Early Differentiation and Promotes Maturation. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8790176. [PMID: 31737078 PMCID: PMC6816009 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8790176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential impacts of magnetic field exposures on brain development have raised public concern. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the biophysical effects of moderate-intensity (0.5 T, Tesla) static magnetic field (SMF) on mice neural progenitor cells (mNPCs). Our results showed that the SMF exposure increased the number of neurosphere formation and enhanced proliferative activity in mNPCs. In addition, our flow cytometry data demonstrated that the proportions of S phase and G2/M phase mNPCs were remarkably increased following 5 days of SMF exposure. Moreover, the level of a mitotic regulatory protein, cyclin B, was upregulated after SMF exposure. Furthermore, the mNPCs exposed to SMF exhibited a significant increase in Sox2 expression. When mNPCs were induced to differentiation, our immunofluorescence assay revealed that the percentage of neurons (Tuj-1-positive cells) but not astrocyte (s100β-positive cells) was significantly higher and displayed morphological complexity in the SMF group. Finally, our electrophysiological results demonstrated the mNPC-derived neurons from the SMF group showing a significantly increased in input resistance, which indicated more functional maturation. Based on these findings, it appears reasonable to suggest that SMF exposure could affect normal neurogenesis and promote neural lineage differentiation as well as neuronal maturation.
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Karimi SA, Salehi I, Shykhi T, Zare S, Komaki A. Effects of exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on spatial and passive avoidance learning and memory, anxiety-like behavior and oxidative stress in male rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 359:630-638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Cichoń N, Bijak M, Czarny P, Miller E, Synowiec E, Sliwinski T, Saluk-Bijak J. Increase in Blood Levels of Growth Factors Involved in the Neuroplasticity Process by Using an Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field in Post-stroke Patients. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:294. [PMID: 30319398 PMCID: PMC6168626 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuroplasticity ensures the improvement of functional status in patients after stroke. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field therapy (ELF-EMF) on brain plasticity in the rehabilitation of patients after stroke. Methods: Forty-eight patients were divided into two groups underwent the same rehabilitation program, but in the study group, the patients additionally were exposed to a standard series of 10 ELF-EMF treatments. To determine the level of neuroplasticity, we measured the plasma level of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), the vascular-endothelial growth factor, as well as BDNF mRNA expression. Additionally, we determined the molecule levels for hepatocyte growth factor, stem cell factor, stromal cell-derived factor 1α, nerve growth factor β, and leukemia inhibitory factor, using 5plex cytokine panel in plasma. After 4 weeks, during which patients had undergone neurorehabilitation and neurological examinations, we assessed functional recovery using the Barthel Index, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Results: We observed that ELF-EMF significantly increased growth factors and cytokine levels involved in neuroplasticity, as well as promoted an enhancement of functional recovery in post-stroke patients. Additionally, we presented evidence that these effects could be related to the increase of gene expression on the mRNA level. Moreover, a change of BDNF plasma level was positively correlated with the Barthel Index, MMSE, and negatively correlated with GDS. Conclusion: Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field therapy improves the effectiveness of rehabilitation of post-stroke patients by improving neuroplasticity processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Cichoń
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Michał Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Czarny
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Miller
- Department of Physical Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.,Neurorehabilitation Ward, III General Hospital in Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Ewelina Synowiec
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Tomasz Sliwinski
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
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Mercantepe T, Tümkaya L, Gökçe MF, Topal ZS, Esmer E. Effect of 900-MHz Electromagnetic Field on the Cerebellum: A Histopathological Investigation. SISLI ETFAL HASTANESI TIP BULTENI 2018; 52:129-134. [PMID: 32595386 PMCID: PMC7315063 DOI: 10.14744/semb.2018.42275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The currently widely used technological devices give rise to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) at various frequencies. Recent studies have reported that EMFs damage the central nervous system. The cerebellum is of considerable importance to human life due to its involvement in motor control, language, and cognitive-sensory functions. Damage occurring in the histological layers of the cerebellar cortex causes various neurological and psychiatric diseases, such as paralysis, tumor, autism, and schizophrenia. Our study involved a histopathological evaluation of the effects of communication systems' standard 900-MHz EMF on the cerebellum. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into two groups containing six animals each: control and EMF. The EMF group was exposed to a 24-h 900-MHz radiofrequency EMF over 20 days with a digital modulation signal generator installed in the middle of their cage. Ten days after EMF application, the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation under anesthesia induced with 50 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride and 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal xylazine HC1. RESULTS Intense caspase-3 expression was seen in the Purkinje cells and granular cells exposed to a 900-MHz frequency EMF (p<0.05). Pyknotic nuclei were notable in the Purkinje and granular cells exposed to a 900-MHz EMF. We also observed a decrease in the cytoplasm of the Purkinje and granular cells. Specimens from the EMF group exhibited decreases in the thickness of the molecular cell layer, Purkinje cell layer, and granular cell layer compared with those from the control group. However, the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSION A 900-MHz EMF causes deleterious effects on the cerebellum by giving rise to apoptosis accompanied by caspase-3 expression in the Purkinje and granular cells in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tümkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Fatih Gökçe
- Department of Physiology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Zehra Suzan Topal
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
| | - Erva Esmer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey
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Sakhaie MH, Soleimani M, Pourheydar B, Majd Z, Atefimanesh P, Asl SS, Mehdizadeh M. Effects of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Neurogenesis and Cognitive Behavior in an Experimental Model of Hippocampal Injury. Behav Neurol 2017; 2017:9194261. [PMID: 29259353 PMCID: PMC5702423 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9194261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields may induce constant modulation in neuronal plasticity. In recent years, tremendous efforts have been made to design a suitable strategy for enhancing adult neurogenesis, which seems to be deterred due to brain senescence and several neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of ELF-EMF on neurogenesis and memory, following treatment with trimethyltin chloride (TMT) as a neurotoxicant. The mice in all groups (n = 56) were injected with BrdU during the experiment for seven consecutive days to label newborn cells. Spatial memory was assessed by the Morris water maze (MWM) test. By the end of the experiment, neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation were assessed in the hippocampus, using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Based on the findings, exposure to ELF-EMF enhanced spatial learning and memory in the MWM test. ELF-EMF exposure significantly enhanced the number of BrdU+ and NeuN+ cells in the dentate gyrus of adult mice (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, resp.). Western blot analysis revealed significant upregulation of NeuroD2 in ELF-EMF-exposed mice compared to the TMT-treated group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that ELF-EMF might have clinical implications for the improvement of neurodegenerative processes and could help develop a novel therapeutic approach in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassan Sakhaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Soleimani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Pourheydar
- Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Anatomy, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zahra Majd
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pezhman Atefimanesh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Soleimani Asl
- Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Zeng Y, Shen Y, Hong L, Chen Y, Shi X, Zeng Q, Yu P. Effects of Single and Repeated Exposure to a 50-Hz 2-mT Electromagnetic Field on Primary Cultured Hippocampal Neurons. Neurosci Bull 2017; 33:299-306. [PMID: 28265899 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-017-0113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of domestic and industrial electrical appliances has raised concerns about the health risk of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs). At present, the effects of ELF-MFs on the central nervous system are still highly controversial, and few studies have investigated its effects on cultured neurons. Here, we evaluated the biological effects of different patterns of ELF-MF exposure on primary cultured hippocampal neurons in terms of viability, apoptosis, genomic instability, and oxidative stress. The results showed that repeated exposure to 50-Hz 2-mT ELF-MF for 8 h per day after different times in culture decreased the viability and increased the production of intracellular reactive oxidative species in hippocampal neurons. The mechanism was potentially related to the up-regulation of Nox2 expression. Moreover, none of the repeated exposure patterns had significant effects on DNA damage, apoptosis, or autophagy, which suggested that ELF-MF exposure has no severe biological consequences in cultured hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zeng
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yunyun Shen
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Ling Hong
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanfeng Chen
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaofang Shi
- Department of Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qunli Zeng
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Peilin Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Kumar S, Dey S, Jain S. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields: A possible non-invasive therapeutic tool for spinal cord injury rehabilitation. Electromagn Biol Med 2016; 36:88-101. [PMID: 27399648 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2016.1194290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic insults to the spinal cord induce both immediate mechanical damage and subsequent tissue degeneration. The latter involves a range of events namely cellular disturbance, homeostatic imbalance, ionic and neurotransmitters derangement that ultimately result in loss of sensorimotor functions. The targets for improving function after spinal cord injury (SCI) are mainly directed toward limiting these secondary injury events. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is a possible non-invasive therapeutic intervention for SCI rehabilitation which has the potential to constrain the secondary injury-induced events. In the present review, we discuss the effects of ELF-EMF on experimental and clinical SCI as well as on biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneel Kumar
- a Department of Physiology , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India.,b W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Soumil Dey
- a Department of Physiology , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India
| | - Suman Jain
- a Department of Physiology , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India
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13
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Ben Yakir-Blumkin M, Loboda Y, Schächter L, Finberg JPM. Neuroprotective effect of weak static magnetic fields in primary neuronal cultures. Neuroscience 2014; 278:313-26. [PMID: 25171788 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Low intensity static magnetic fields (SMFs) interact with various biological tissues including the CNS, thereby affecting key biological processes such as gene expression, cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as apoptosis. Previous studies describing the effect of SMFs on apoptotic cell death in several non-neuronal cell lines, emphasize the importance of such a potential modulation in the case of neurodegenerative disorders, where apoptosis constitutes a major route via which neurons degenerate and die. In this study, we examine the effect of SMFs on neuronal survival in primary cortical and hippocampal neurons that constitute a suitable experimental system for modeling the neurodegenerative state in vitro. We show that weak SMF exposure interferes with the apoptotic programing in rat primary cortical and hippocampal neurons, thereby providing protection against etoposide-induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Primary cortical neurons exposed to SMF (50G) for 7days exhibited a 57.1±6.3% decrease in the percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis induced by etoposide (12μM), accompanied by a marked decrease in the expression of the pro-apoptotic markers: cleaved poly ADP ribose polymerase-1, cleaved caspase-3, active caspase-9 and the phospho-histone H2A variant (Ser139) by 41.0±5.0%, 81.2±5.0%, 72.9±6.4%, 42.75±2.9%, respectively, and by a 57.2±1.0% decrease in the extent of mitochondrial membrane potential collapse. Using the L-type voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel inhibitor nifedipine, which is selective to Ca(2+) influx through Cav1.2, we found that the anti-apoptotic effect of SMFs was mediated by Ca(2+) influx through these channels. Our findings demonstrating altered Ca(2+)-influx in response to thapsigargin stimulation in SMF-exposed cortical neurons, along with enhanced inhibition of KCl-induced Ca(2+)-influx through Cav1.2 channels and enhanced expression of Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 channels, allude to the involvement of voltage- and store-operated Ca(2+) channels in various aspects of the protective effect exerted by SMFs. These findings show the potential susceptibility of the CNS to weak SMF exposure and have implications for the design of novel strategies for the treatment and/or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ben Yakir-Blumkin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 31096 Haifa, Israel.
| | - Y Loboda
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 31096 Haifa, Israel.
| | - L Schächter
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel.
| | - J P M Finberg
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 31096 Haifa, Israel.
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14
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Li Y, Yan X, Liu J, Li L, Hu X, Sun H, Tian J. Pulsed electromagnetic field enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression through L-type voltage-gated calcium channel- and Erk-dependent signaling pathways in neonatal rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. Neurochem Int 2014; 75:96-104. [PMID: 24937769 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) exposure has been reported to promote neuronal differentiation, the mechanism is still unclear. Here, we aimed to examine the effects of PEMF exposure on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) mRNA expression and the correlation between the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and Bdnf mRNA expression in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGNs). Exposure to 50Hz and 1mT PEMF for 2h increased the level of [Ca(2+)]i and Bdnf mRNA expression, which was found to be mediated by increased [Ca(2+)]i from Ca(2+) influx through L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs). However, calcium mobilization was not involved in the increased [Ca(2+)]i and BDNF expression, indicating that calcium influx was one of the key factors responding to PEMF exposure. Moreover, PD098059, an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) inhibitor, strongly inhibited PEMF-dependant Erk1/2 activation and BDNF expression, indicating that Erk activation is required for PEMF-induced upregulation of BDNF expression. These findings indicated that PEMF exposure increased BDNF expression in DRGNs by activating Ca(2+)- and Erk-dependent signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, PR China
| | - Juanfang Liu
- Department of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Shaanxi Provincial TCM Hospital, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Xinghua Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shaanxi Provincial TCM Hospital, Xi'an 710032, PR China
| | - Honghui Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, PR China.
| | - Jing Tian
- Second Clinical Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, PR China.
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15
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Lekhraj R, Cynamon DE, DeLuca SE, Taub ES, Pilla AA, Casper D. Pulsed electromagnetic fields potentiate neurite outgrowth in the dopaminergic MN9D cell line. J Neurosci Res 2014; 92:761-71. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rukmani Lekhraj
- Department of Neurological Surgery; Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx New York
| | - Deborah E. Cynamon
- Department of Neurological Surgery; Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx New York
| | - Stephanie E. DeLuca
- Department of Neurological Surgery; Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx New York
| | - Eric S. Taub
- Department of Neurological Surgery; Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx New York
| | - Arthur A. Pilla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Columbia University; New York New York
- Department of Orthopedics; Mount Sinai School of Medicine; New York New York
| | - Diana Casper
- Department of Neurological Surgery; Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx New York
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16
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Razavi S, Salimi M, Shahbazi-Gahrouei D, Karbasi S, Kermani S. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field influences the survival and proliferation effect of human adipose derived stem cells. Adv Biomed Res 2014; 3:25. [PMID: 24592372 PMCID: PMC3928843 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.124668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) can effect on biological systems and alters some cell functions like proliferation rate. Therefore, we aimed to attempt the evaluation effect of ELF-EMF on the growth of human adipose derived stem cells (hADSCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS ELF-EMF was generated by a system including autotransformer, multi-meter, solenoid coils, teslameter and its probe. We assessed the effect of ELF-EMF with intensity of 0.5 and 1 mT and power line frequency 50 Hz on the survival of hADSCs for 20 and 40 min/day for 7 days by MTT assay. One-way analysis of variance was used to assessment the significant differences in groups. RESULTS ELF-EMF has maximum effect with intensity of 1 mT for 20 min/day on proliferation of hADSCs. The survival and proliferation effect (PE) in all exposure groups were significantly higher than that in sham groups (P < 0.05) except in group of 1 mT and 40 min/day. CONCLUSION Our results show that between 0.5 m and 1 mT ELF-EMF could be enhances survival and PE of hADSCs conserving the duration of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Razavi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Salimi
- Department of Medical Physics and Medical Engineering, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Daryoush Shahbazi-Gahrouei
- Department of Medical Physics and Medical Engineering, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeed Karbasi
- Department of Medical Physics and Medical Engineering, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saeed Kermani
- Department of Medical Physics and Medical Engineering, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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17
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Podda MV, Leone L, Barbati SA, Mastrodonato A, Li Puma DD, Piacentini R, Grassi C. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields enhance the survival of newborn neurons in the mouse hippocampus. Eur J Neurosci 2013; 39:893-903. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Podda
- Institute of Human Physiology; Medical School; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Largo Francesco Vito 1 00168 Rome Italy
| | - Lucia Leone
- Institute of Human Physiology; Medical School; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Largo Francesco Vito 1 00168 Rome Italy
| | - Saviana A. Barbati
- Institute of Human Physiology; Medical School; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Largo Francesco Vito 1 00168 Rome Italy
| | - Alessia Mastrodonato
- Institute of Human Physiology; Medical School; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Largo Francesco Vito 1 00168 Rome Italy
| | - Domenica D. Li Puma
- Institute of Human Physiology; Medical School; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Largo Francesco Vito 1 00168 Rome Italy
| | - Roberto Piacentini
- Institute of Human Physiology; Medical School; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Largo Francesco Vito 1 00168 Rome Italy
| | - Claudio Grassi
- Institute of Human Physiology; Medical School; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Largo Francesco Vito 1 00168 Rome Italy
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18
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Rauš S, Selaković V, Manojlović-Stojanoski M, Radenović L, Prolić Z, Janać B. Response of hippocampal neurons and glial cells to alternating magnetic field in gerbils submitted to global cerebral ischemia. Neurotox Res 2012; 23:79-91. [PMID: 22669750 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-012-9333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to an extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF, 50 Hz) affects the outcome of postischemic damage in the hippocampus of Mongolian gerbils. After 10-min bilateral carotid occlusion, the gerbils were continuously exposed to ELF-MF (average magnetic induction at the center of the cage was 0.5 mT) for 7 days. The impact of ELF-MF was estimated immediately (the 7th day after reperfusion) and 7 days after cessation of exposure (the 14th day after reperfusion) compared with ischemic gerbils without ELF-MF exposure. Applying stereological methods, histological evaluation of changes in the hippocampus was done for determining its volume, volume densities of degenerating neurons and astrocytes, as well as the number of microglial cells per unit area. ELF-MF per se did not induce any morphological changes, while 10-min global cerebral ischemia led to neuronal death, especially in CA1 region of the hippocampus, as expected. Ischemic gerbils exposed to ELF-MF had significantly a lower degree of cell loss in the examined structure and greater responses of astrocytes and microglial cells than postischemic gerbils without exposure on the seventh day after reperfusion (immediate effect of ELF-MF). Similar response was observed on the 14th day after reperfusion (delayed effect of ELF-MF); however, differences in measured parameters were low and insignificant. Applied ELF-MF has possible neuroprotective function in the hippocampus, as the most sensitive brain structure in the model of global cerebral ischemia, through reduction of neuronal death and activation of astrocytes and microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snežana Rauš
- Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Despota Stefana Blvd. 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Basile A, Zeppa R, Pasquino N, Arra C, Ammirante M, Festa M, Barbieri A, Giudice A, Pascale M, Turco MC, Rosati A. Exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic field raises the levels of the anti-apoptotic protein BAG3 in melanoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:2901-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Farina M, Farina M, Mariggio MA, Pietrangelo T, Stupak JJ, Morini A, Fano G. ELF-EMFs INDUCED EFFECTS ON CELL LINES: CONTROLLING ELF GENERATION IN LABORATORY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.2528/pierb10061709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Capone F, Dileone M, Profice P, Pilato F, Musumeci G, Minicuci G, Ranieri F, Cadossi R, Setti S, Tonali PA, Di Lazzaro V. Does exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields produce functional changes in human brain? J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2009; 116:257-65. [PMID: 19189041 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-009-0184-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral and neurophysiological changes have been reported after exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) both in animals and in humans. The physiological bases of these effects are still poorly understood. In vitro studies analyzed the effect of ELF-MF applied in pulsed mode (PEMFs) on neuronal cultures showing an increase in excitatory neurotransmission. Using transcranial brain stimulation, we studied noninvasively the effect of PEMFs on several measures of cortical excitability in 22 healthy volunteers, in 14 of the subjects we also evaluated the effects of sham field exposure. After 45 min of PEMF exposure, intracortical facilitation produced by paired pulse brain stimulation was significantly enhanced with an increase of about 20%, while other parameters of cortical excitability remained unchanged. Sham field exposure produced no effects. The increase in paired-pulse facilitation, a physiological parameter related to cortical glutamatergic activity, suggests that PEMFs exposure may produce an enhancement in cortical excitatory neurotransmission. This study suggests that PEMFs may produce functional changes in human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Capone
- Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica, L.go A. Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
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22
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Chronic exposure to low-intensity magnetic field improves acquisition and maintenance of memory. Neuroreport 2008; 19:549-52. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0b013e3282f8b1a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Piacentini R, Ripoli C, Mezzogori D, Azzena GB, Grassi C. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields promote in vitro neurogenesis via upregulation of Ca(v)1-channel activity. J Cell Physiol 2008; 215:129-39. [PMID: 17941084 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELFEFs) increases the expression and function of voltage-gated Ca2+)channels and that Ca2+ influx through Ca(v)1 channels plays a key role in promoting the neuronal differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs). The present study was conducted to determine whether ELFEFs influence the neuronal differentiation of NSCs isolated from the brain cortices of newborn mice by modulating Ca(v)1-channel function. In cultures of differentiating NSCs exposed to ELFEFs (1 mT, 50 Hz), the percentage of cells displaying immunoreactivity for neuronal markers (beta-III-tubulin, MAP2) and for Ca(v)1.2 and Ca(v)1.3 channels was markedly increased. NSC-differentiated neurons in ELFEF-exposed cultures also exhibited significant increases in spontaneous firing, in the percentage of cells exhibiting Ca2+ transients in response to KCl stimulation, in the amplitude of these transients and of Ca2+ currents generated by the activation of Ca(v)1 channels. When the Ca(v)1-channel blocker nifedipine (5 microM) was added to the culture medium, the neuronal yield of NSC differentiation dropped significantly, and ELFEF exposure no longer produced significant increases in beta-III-tubulin- and MAP2-immunoreactivity rates. In contrast, the effects of ELFEFs were preserved when NSCs were cultured in the presence of either glutamate receptor antagonists or Ca(v)2.1- and Ca(v)2.2-channel blockers. ELFEF stimulation during the first 24 h of differentiation caused Ca(v)1-dependent increases in the number of cells displaying CREB phosphorylation. Our data suggest that ELFEF exposure promotes neuronal differentiation of NSCs by upregulating Ca(v)1-channel expression and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Piacentini
- Institute of Human Physiology, Medical School, Catholic University S. Cuore, Rome, Italy
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24
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Uchigami Y, Kadowaki N, Ikehara T, Houchi H, Yamaguchi H, Yoshizaki K, Miyamoto H, Kinouchi Y. Effects of Time-Varying Magnetic Fields on Transient increase in Intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>Concentration of Cultured Cells. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : ... ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2007; 2006:446-8. [PMID: 17282211 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2005.1616442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We tested the effects of some kinds of time-varying magnetic fields (0-1.2T) on neurotransmitter-induced transient increases in intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>concentration ([Ca<sup>2+</sup>]) of cultured chromaffin and HeLa cells. After these cells were exposed for 2 hours to these magnetic fields, transient increases in [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]i by addition of acetylcholine or histamine were measured. In control cells, after addition of these neurotransmitters [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]i was increased immediately and then decreased with time in both cells. But, addition of these drugs to the magnetic fields exposed cells increased [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]i to a level similar to that for control cells. These results suggest that the transient increases in [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]i were not significantly influenced by the magnetic fields used in this experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Uchigami
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokushima
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25
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Palumbo R, Capasso D, Brescia F, Mita P, Sarti M, Bersani F, Scarfi MR. Effects on apoptosis and reactive oxygen species formation by Jurkat cells exposed to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 2006; 27:159-62. [PMID: 16342194 DOI: 10.1002/bem.20199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The effect of exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic field on a human T-leukaemia cell line (Jurkat) was investigated by evaluating the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis, both spontaneous and induced by a specific anti Fas/CD95 monoclonal antibody (anti-Fas). Our results suggest that 1 h intermittent (5 min field on/10 min field off) exposure does not affect ROS formation, while a slight but statistically significant decrease of both spontaneous and anti-Fas-induced apoptosis was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Palumbo
- CNR-Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, Naples, Italy
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