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Kadlaskar G, Bergmann S, McNally Keehn R, Seidl A, Keehn B. Electrophysiological Measures of Tactile and Auditory Processing in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 15:729270. [PMID: 35002650 PMCID: PMC8733620 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.729270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral differences in responding to tactile and auditory stimuli are widely reported in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the neural mechanisms underlying distinct tactile and auditory reactivity patterns in ASD remain unclear with theories implicating differences in both perceptual and attentional processes. The current study sought to investigate (1) the neural indices of early perceptual and later attentional factors underlying tactile and auditory processing in children with and without ASD, and (2) the relationship between neural indices of tactile and auditory processing and ASD symptomatology. Participants included 14, 6–12-year-olds with ASD and 14 age- and non-verbal IQ matched typically developing (TD) children. Children participated in an event-related potential (ERP) oddball paradigm during which they watched a silent video while being presented with tactile and auditory stimuli (i.e., 80% standard speech sound/a/; 10% oddball speech sound/i/; 10% novel vibrotactile stimuli on the fingertip with standard speech sound/a/). Children’s early and later ERP responses to tactile (P1 and N2) and auditory stimuli (P1, P3a, and P3b) were examined. Non-parametric analyses showed that children with ASD displayed differences in early perceptual processing of auditory (i.e., lower amplitudes at central region of interest), but not tactile, stimuli. Analysis of later attentional components did not show differences in response to tactile and auditory stimuli in the ASD and TD groups. Together, these results suggest that differences in auditory responsivity patterns could be related to perceptual factors in children with ASD. However, despite differences in caregiver-reported sensory measures, children with ASD did not differ in their neural reactivity to infrequent touch-speech stimuli compared to TD children. Nevertheless, correlational analyses confirmed that inter-individual differences in neural responsivity to tactile and auditory stimuli were related to social skills in all children. Finally, we discuss how the paradigm and stimulus type used in the current study may have impacted our results. These findings have implications for everyday life, where individual differences in responding to tactile and auditory stimuli may impact social functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girija Kadlaskar
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Sophia Bergmann
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Rebecca McNally Keehn
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Amanda Seidl
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Brandon Keehn
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.,Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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ElShafei HA, Fornoni L, Masson R, Bertrand O, Bidet-Caulet A. What's in Your Gamma? Activation of the Ventral Fronto-Parietal Attentional Network in Response to Distracting Sounds. Cereb Cortex 2021; 30:696-707. [PMID: 31219542 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory attention operates through top-down (TD) and bottom-up (BU) mechanisms that are supported by dorsal and ventral brain networks, respectively, with the main overlap in the lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC). A good TD/BU balance is essential to be both task-efficient and aware of our environment, yet it is rarely investigated. Oscillatory activity is a novel method to probe the attentional dynamics with evidence that gamma activity (>30 Hz) could signal BU processing and thus would be a good candidate to support the activation of the ventral BU attention network. Magnetoencephalography data were collected from 21 young adults performing the competitive attention task, which enables simultaneous investigation of BU and TD attentional mechanisms. Distracting sounds elicited an increase in gamma activity in regions of the BU ventral network. TD attention modulated these gamma responses in regions of the inhibitory cognitive control system: the medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices. Finally, distracting-sound-induced gamma activity was synchronous between the auditory cortices and several distant brain regions, notably the lPFC. We provide novel insight into the role of gamma activity 1) in supporting the activation of the ventral BU attention network and 2) in subtending the TD/BU attention balance in the PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A ElShafei
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Lesly Fornoni
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Rémy Masson
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Bertrand
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Bidet-Caulet
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center; CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Lu Z, Li Q, Gao N, Yang J. Time-varying networks of ERPs in P300-speller paradigms based on spatially and semantically congruent audiovisual bimodality. J Neural Eng 2020; 17:046015. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aba07f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Aguirre RMH, González MH, Hernández MP, Gutiérrez CDCA, Guevara MÁ. Observing baby or sexual videos changes the functional synchronization between the prefrontal and parietal cortices in mothers in different postpartum periods. Soc Neurosci 2020; 15:489-504. [PMID: 32402224 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2020.1761447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
During the postpartum period (PP), mothers are more sensitive to sensory stimuli related to babies and less sensitive to those with sexual significance. The processing of emotional stimuli requires synchronization among different cerebral areas. This study characterized the cortical electroencephalographic (EEG) correlation in mothers from 1½ to 3 months (PP1), 4 to 5½ months (PP2) and over 6½ months, postpartum (PP3) while observing two videos: one of a baby (BV) and one with sexual content (SV). EEGs were recorded from the frontopolar, dorsolateral and parietal cortices. All three groups rated the BV as pleasant, but only PP3 reported higher sexual arousal with the SV. While watching the BV, PP1 showed a higher correlation among all cortical areas; PP2 manifested a decreased correlation between the prefrontal and parietal cortices, likely associated with the lower emotional modulation of the BV; and PP3 presented a higher synchronization among fewer cortical areas, probably related to longer maternal experience. These cortical synchronization patterns could represent adaptive mechanisms that enable the adequate processing of baby stimuli in new mothers. These data increase our knowledge of the cerebral processes associated with distinct sensitivities to the emotional stimuli that mothers experience during the PP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa María Hidalgo Aguirre
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicología, Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara , Ameca, México.,Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara, México
| | | | - Marai Pérez Hernández
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario del Norte, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Mexico
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ElShafei HA, Fornoni L, Masson R, Bertrand O, Bidet-Caulet A. Age-related modulations of alpha and gamma brain activities underlying anticipation and distraction. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229334. [PMID: 32163441 PMCID: PMC7067396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention operates through top-down (TD) and bottom-up (BU) mechanisms. Recently, it has been shown that slow (alpha) frequencies index facilitatory and suppressive mechanisms of TD attention and faster (gamma) frequencies signal BU attentional capture. Ageing is characterized by increased behavioral distractibility, resulting from either a reduced efficiency of TD attention or an enhanced triggering of BU attention. However, only few studies have investigated the impact of ageing upon the oscillatory activities involved in TD and BU attention. MEG data were collected from 14 elderly and 14 matched young healthy human participants while performing the Competitive Attention Task. Elderly participants displayed (1) exacerbated behavioral distractibility, (2) altered TD suppressive mechanisms, indexed by a reduced alpha synchronization in task-irrelevant regions, (3) less prominent alpha peak-frequency differences between cortical regions, (4) a similar BU system activation indexed by gamma activity, and (5) a reduced activation of lateral prefrontal inhibitory control regions. These results show that the ageing-related increased distractibility is of TD origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham A. ElShafei
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Lesly Fornoni
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Rémy Masson
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Bertrand
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Bidet-Caulet
- Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, CRNL, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, University of Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Blundon EG, Ward LM. Search asymmetry in a serial auditory task: Neural source analyses of EEG implicate attention strategies. Neuropsychologia 2019; 134:107204. [PMID: 31562864 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a detailed analysis of the fast network dynamics underlying P3a and P3b event-related potential (ERP) subcomponents generated during an unconventional serial auditory search paradigm. We dissect the electroencephalographic (EEG) data from an earlier study of ours, using a variety of advanced signal processing techniques, in order to discover how the brain is processing auditory targets differently when they possess a rare, salient, unpredictable feature not shared with distractors than when targets lack this feature but distractors have it. We find that brain regions associated with the Ventral Attention Network (VAN) are the primary neural generators of the P3a subcomponent in response to feature-present targets, whereas regions associated with the Dorsal Attention Network (DAN), as well as regions associated with detecting auditory oddball stimuli (ODD), may be the primary neural generators of the P3b, in the context of our study, and perhaps in search paradigms in general. Moreover, measurements of the time courses of oscillatory power changes and inter-regional synchronization in theta and low-gamma frequency bands were consistent with the early activation and synchronization within the VAN associated with the P3a subcomponent, and with the later activation and synchronization within the DAN and ODD networks associated with the P3b subcomponent. Implications of these finding for the mechanisms underlying search asymmetry phenomena are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lawrence M Ward
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Canada; Brain Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Canada.
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Phase shift invariant imaging of coherent sources (PSIICOS) from MEG data. Neuroimage 2018; 183:950-971. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Castelhano J, Duarte IC, Abuhaiba SI, Rito M, Sales F, Castelo-Branco M. Cortical functional topography of high-frequency gamma activity relates to perceptual decision: an Intracranial study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186428. [PMID: 29073154 PMCID: PMC5657999 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
High-frequency activity (HFA) is believed to subserve a functional role in cognition, but these patterns are often not accessible to scalp EEG recordings. Intracranial studies provide a unique opportunity to link the all-encompassing range of high-frequency patterns with holistic perception. We tested whether the functional topography of HFAs (up to 250Hz) is related to perceptual decision-making. Human intracortical data were recorded (6 subjects; >250channels) during an ambiguous object-recognition task. We found a spatial topography of HFAs reflecting processing anterior dorsal and ventral streams, linked to decision independently of the type of processed object/stimulus category. Three distinct regional fingerprints could be identified, with lower gamma frequency patterns (<45Hz) dominating in the anterior semantic ventral object processing and dorsoventral integrating networks and evolving later, during perceptual decision phases, than early sensory posterior patterns (60-250Hz). This suggests that accurate object recognition/perceptual decision-making is related to distinct spatiotemporal signatures in the low gamma frequency range.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Castelhano
- CIBIT, ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra Portugal
- IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel C. Duarte
- CIBIT, ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra Portugal
- IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sulaiman I. Abuhaiba
- CIBIT, ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra Portugal
- IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- CIBIT, ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra Portugal
- IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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9
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Pérez-Hernández M, Hernández-González M, Hidalgo-Aguirre R, Amezcua-Gutiérrez C, Guevara M. Listening to a baby crying induces higher electroencephalographic synchronization among prefrontal, temporal and parietal cortices in adoptive mothers. Infant Behav Dev 2017; 47:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rodríguez-Martínez EI, Ruiz-Martínez FJ, Barriga Paulino CI, Gómez CM. Frequency shift in topography of spontaneous brain rhythms from childhood to adulthood. Cogn Neurodyn 2016; 11:23-33. [PMID: 28174610 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-016-9402-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been described that the frequency ranges at which theta, mu and alpha rhythms oscillate is increasing with age. The present report, by analyzing the spontaneous EEG, tries to demonstrate whether there is an increase with age in the frequency at which the cortical structures oscillate. A topographical approach was followed. The spontaneous EEG of one hundredand seventy subjects was recorded. The spectral power (from 0.5 to 45.5 Hz) was obtained by means of the Fast Fourier Transform. Correlations of spatial topographies among the different age groups showed that older groups presented the same topographical maps as younger groups, but oscillating at higher frequencies. The results suggest that the same brain areas oscillate at lower frequencies in children than in older groups, for a broad frequency range. This shift to a higher frequency with age would be a trend in spontaneous brain rhythm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Rodríguez-Martínez
- Human Psychobiology Lab, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - F J Ruiz-Martínez
- Human Psychobiology Lab, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - C I Barriga Paulino
- Human Psychobiology Lab, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carlos M Gómez
- Human Psychobiology Lab, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Abstract
Perirhinal cortex (PER) has a well established role in the familiarity-based recognition of individual items and objects. For example, animals and humans with perirhinal damage are unable to distinguish familiar from novel objects in recognition memory tasks. In the normal brain, perirhinal neurons respond to novelty and familiarity by increasing or decreasing firing rates. Recent work also implicates oscillatory activity in the low-beta and low-gamma frequency bands in sensory detection, perception, and recognition. Using optogenetic methods in a spontaneous object exploration (SOR) task, we altered recognition memory performance in rats. In the SOR task, normal rats preferentially explore novel images over familiar ones. We modulated exploratory behavior in this task by optically stimulating channelrhodopsin-expressing perirhinal neurons at various frequencies while rats looked at novel or familiar 2D images. Stimulation at 30-40 Hz during looking caused rats to treat a familiar image as if it were novel by increasing time looking at the image. Stimulation at 30-40 Hz was not effective in increasing exploration of novel images. Stimulation at 10-15 Hz caused animals to treat a novel image as familiar by decreasing time looking at the image, but did not affect looking times for images that were already familiar. We conclude that optical stimulation of PER at different frequencies can alter visual recognition memory bidirectionally. Significance statement: Recognition of novelty and familiarity are important for learning, memory, and decision making. Perirhinal cortex (PER) has a well established role in the familiarity-based recognition of individual items and objects, but how novelty and familiarity are encoded and transmitted in the brain is not known. Perirhinal neurons respond to novelty and familiarity by changing firing rates, but recent work suggests that brain oscillations may also be important for recognition. In this study, we showed that stimulation of the PER could increase or decrease exploration of novel and familiar images depending on the frequency of stimulation. Our findings suggest that optical stimulation of PER at specific frequencies can predictably alter recognition memory.
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Yaman M, Karakaya F, Aydin T, Mayda H, Güzel Hİ, Kayaalp D. Evaluation of the Effect of Modafinil on Cognitive Functions in Patients with Idiopathic Hypersomnia with P300. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:1850-5. [PMID: 26116438 PMCID: PMC4487186 DOI: 10.12659/msm.893448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Modafinil is a well-tolerated psychostimulant drug with low addictive potential that is used to treat patients with narcolepsy and other excessive sleepiness. Whereas favorable effects of modafinil on cognitive functions have been shown in a large number of studies, there are very few reports presenting the effects of modafinil electrophysiologically. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of modafinil on auditory P300 latency and amplitude electrophysiologically. Material/Methods Eighteen patients (age range: 16–48 years) with a diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) were included in the present study. As a standard treatment, 200 mg/day modafinil was administered to each patient. The P300 auditory test was performed for each patient before and at the end of 1 week of modafinil treatment. Results After 1 week of modafinil treatment, mean P300 latencies (at all electrode sites) were significantly lower than the latencies before the treatment (P values for Fz, Cz and Pz recording sites were 0.039, 0.002, and 0.004, respectively). An increase in the P300 amplitudes was detected only at the Fz recording site, but not at Cz or Pz recording sites (P values for Fz, Cz, and Pz recording sites were 0.014, 0.100, and 0.05, respectively). Conclusions One week of modafinil treatment improved the cognitive performance, alertness, and executive functions in IH patients. Our electrophysiologically obtained findings provide further confirmation for previous reports in which modafinil has been shown to exert favorable effects on cognitive performance, alertness, and executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Yaman
- Department of Neurology, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Fatıma Karakaya
- Department of Neurology, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Aydin
- Department of Neurology, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hasan Mayda
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hail İbrahim Güzel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Dilek Kayaalp
- Department of Neurology, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Choi JW, Cha KS, Choi JD, Jung KY, Kim KH. Difficulty-related changes in inter-regional neural synchrony are dissociated between target and non-target processing. Brain Res 2015; 1603:114-23. [PMID: 25636271 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The major purpose of this study was to explore the changes in the local/global gamma-band neural synchronies during target/non-target processing due to task difficulty under an auditory three-stimulus oddball paradigm. Multichannel event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from fifteen healthy participants during the oddball task. In addition to the conventional ERP analysis, we investigated the modulations in gamma-band activity (GBA) and inter-regional gamma-band phase synchrony (GBPS) for infrequent target and non-target processing due to task difficulty. The most notable finding was that the difficulty-related changes in inter-regional GBPS (33-35 Hz) at P300 epoch (350-600 ms) completely differed for target and non-target processing. As task difficulty increased, the GBPS significantly reduced for target processing but increased for non-target processing. This result contrasts with the local neural synchrony in gamma-bands, which was not affected by task difficulty. Another major finding was that the spatial patterns of functional connectivity were dissociated for target and non-target processing with regard to the difficult task. The spatial pattern for target processing was compatible with the top-down attention network, whereas that for the non-target corresponded to the bottom-up attention network. Overall, we found that the inter-regional gamma-band neural synchronies during target/non-target processing change significantly with task difficulty and that this change is dissociated between target and non-target processing. Our results indicate that large-scale neural synchrony is more relevant for the difference in information processing between target and non-target stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Woo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, 234 Maeji-ri, Heungup-myun, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, South Korea
| | - Kwang Su Cha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, 234 Maeji-ri, Heungup-myun, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, South Korea
| | - Jong Doo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, 234 Maeji-ri, Heungup-myun, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, South Korea
| | - Ki-Young Jung
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, 234 Maeji-ri, Heungup-myun, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-710, South Korea.
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Akimoto Y, Nozawa T, Kanno A, Ihara M, Goto T, Ogawa T, Kambara T, Sugiura M, Okumura E, Kawashima R. High-gamma activity in an attention network predicts individual differences in elderly adults' behavioral performance. Neuroimage 2014; 100:290-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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van der Veen FM, van der Molen MW, Sahibdin PP, Franken IHA. The heart-break of social rejection versus the brain wave of social acceptance. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2014; 9:1346-51. [PMID: 23887821 PMCID: PMC4158370 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nst120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of social rejection on cardiac and brain responses was examined in a study in which participants had to decide on the basis of pictures of virtual peers whether these peers would like them or not. Physiological and behavioral responses to expected and unexpected acceptance and rejection were compared. It was found that participants expected that about 50% of the virtual judges gave them a positive judgment. Cardiac deceleration was strongest for unexpected social rejection. In contrast, the brain response was strongest to expected acceptance and was characterized by a positive deflection peaking around 325 ms following stimulus onset and the observed difference was maximal at fronto-central positions. The cardiac and electro-cortical responses were not related. It is hypothesized that these differential response patterns might be related to earlier described differential involvement of the dorsal and ventral portion of the anterior cingulate cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik M van der Veen
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University, 3000DR Rotterdam, and Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University, 3000DR Rotterdam, and Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maurits W van der Molen
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University, 3000DR Rotterdam, and Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Priya P Sahibdin
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University, 3000DR Rotterdam, and Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingmar H A Franken
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University, 3000DR Rotterdam, and Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Castelhano J, Duarte IC, Wibral M, Rodriguez E, Castelo-Branco M. The dual facet of gamma oscillations: separate visual and decision making circuits as revealed by simultaneous EEG/fMRI. Hum Brain Mapp 2014; 35:5219-35. [PMID: 24839083 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It remains an outstanding question whether gamma-band oscillations reflect unitary cognitive processes within the same task. EEG/MEG studies do lack the resolution or coverage to address the highly debated question whether single gamma activity patterns are linked with multiple cognitive modules or alternatively each pattern associates with a specific cognitive module, within the same coherent perceptual task. One way to disentangle these issues would be to provide direct identification of their sources, by combining different techniques. Here, we directly examined these questions by performing simultaneous EEG/fMRI using an ambiguous perception paradigm requiring holistic integration. We found that distinct gamma frequency sub-bands reflect different neural substrates and cognitive mechanisms when comparing object perception states vs. no categorical perception. A low gamma sub-band (near 40 Hz) activity was tightly related to the decision making network, and in particular the anterior insula. A high gamma sub-band (∼60 Hz) could be linked to early visual processing regions. The demonstration of a clear functional topography for distinct gamma sub-bands within the same task shows that distinct gamma-band modulations underlie sensory processing and perceptual decision mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Castelhano
- Visual Neuroscience Laboratory, IBILI-Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; ICNAS-Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Akimoto Y, Kanno A, Kambara T, Nozawa T, Sugiura M, Okumura E, Kawashima R. Spatiotemporal dynamics of high-gamma activities during a 3-stimulus visual oddball task. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59969. [PMID: 23555852 PMCID: PMC3605370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Although many studies have investigated the neural basis of top-down and bottom-up attention, it still requires refinement in both temporal and spatial terms. We used magnetoencephalography to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of high-gamma (52-100 Hz) activities during top-down and bottom-up visual attentional processes, aiming to extend the findings from functional magnetic resonance imaging and event-related potential studies. Fourteen participants performed a 3-stimulus visual oddball task, in which both infrequent non-target and target stimuli were presented. We identified high-gamma event-related synchronization in the left middle frontal gyrus, the left intraparietal sulcus, the left thalamus, and the visual areas in different time windows for the target and non-target conditions. We also found elevated imaginary coherence between the left intraparietal sulcus and the right middle frontal gyrus in the high-gamma band from 300 to 400 ms in the target condition, and between the left thalamus and the left middle frontal gyrus in theta band from 150 to 450 ms. In addition, the strength of high-gamma imaginary coherence between the left middle frontal gyrus and left intraparietal sulcus, between the left middle frontal gyrus and the right middle frontal gyrus, and the high-gamma power in the left thalamus predicted inter-subject variation in target detection response time. This source-level electrophysiological evidence enriches our understanding of bi-directional attention processes: stimulus-driven bottom-up attention orientation to a salient, but irrelevant stimulus; and top-down allocation of attentional resources to stimulus evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoritaka Akimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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Searching for the mismatch negativity in primary auditory cortex of the awake monkey: deviance detection or stimulus specific adaptation? J Neurosci 2013; 32:15747-58. [PMID: 23136414 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2835-12.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mismatch negativity (MMN) is a preattentive component of the auditory event-related potential that is elicited by a change in a repetitive acoustic pattern. While MMN has been extensively used in human electrophysiological studies of auditory processing, the neural mechanisms and brain regions underlying its generation remain unclear. We investigate possible homologs of the MMN in macaque primary auditory cortex (A1) using a frequency oddball paradigm in which rare "deviant" tones are randomly interspersed among frequent "standard" tones. Standards and deviants had frequencies equal to the best frequency (BF) of the recorded neural population or to a frequency that evoked a response half the amplitude of the BF response. Early and later field potentials, current source density components, multiunit activity, and induced high-gamma band responses were larger when elicited by deviants than by standards of the same frequency. Laminar analysis indicated that differences between deviant and standard responses were more prominent in later activity, thus suggesting cortical amplification of initial responses driven by thalamocortical inputs. However, unlike the human MMN, larger deviant responses were characterized by the enhancement of "obligatory" responses rather than the introduction of new components. Furthermore, a control condition wherein deviants were interspersed among many tones of variable frequency replicated the larger responses to deviants under the oddball condition. Results suggest that differential responses under the oddball condition in macaque A1 reflect stimulus-specific adaptation rather than deviance detection per se. We conclude that neural mechanisms of deviance detection likely reside in cortical areas outside of A1.
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Anterior cingulate cortex and cognitive control: neuropsychological and electrophysiological findings in two patients with lesions to dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. Brain Cogn 2012; 80:237-49. [PMID: 22935543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2012.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 06/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Whereas neuroimaging studies of healthy subjects have demonstrated an association between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and cognitive control functions, including response monitoring and error detection, lesion studies are sparse and have produced mixed results. Due to largely normal behavioral test results in two patients with medial prefrontal lesions, a hypothesis has been advanced claiming that the ACC is not involved in cognitive operations. In the current study, two comparably rare patients with unilateral lesions to dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) encompassing the ACC were assessed with neuropsychological tests as well as Event-Related Potentials in two experimental paradigms known to engage prefrontal cortex (PFC). These included an auditory Novelty Oddball task and a visual Stop-signal task. Both patients performed normally on the Stroop test but showed reduced performance on tests of learning and memory. Moreover, altered attentional control was reflected in a diminished Novelty P3, whereas the posterior P3b to target stimuli was present in both patients. The error-related negativity, which has been hypothesized to be generated in the ACC, was present in both patients, but alterations of inhibitory behavior were observed. Although interpretative caution is generally called for in single case studies, and the fact that the lesions extended outside the ACC, the findings nevertheless suggest a role for MPFC in cognitive control that is not restricted to error monitoring.
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Decoding ability makes waves in reading: Deficient interactions between attention and phonological analysis in developmental dyslexia. Neuropsychologia 2012; 50:1553-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Reinhart RMG, Mathalon DH, Roach BJ, Ford JM. Relationships between pre-stimulus γ power and subsequent P300 and reaction time breakdown in schizophrenia. Int J Psychophysiol 2010; 79:16-24. [PMID: 20816708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2010] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about the relationship between gamma-band oscillations prior to the arrival of a target stimulus and subsequent sensory processing and response execution. Although schizophrenia has been associated with abnormalities in gamma-band oscillations, P300, and reaction time (RT), few studies have examined the possible correspondence between these three neurobiological and behavioral markers in schizophrenia. To characterize the relationship between preparatory processes, information processing, and subsequent behavioral performance in schizophrenia, the present study investigated the relationships between pre-stimulus gamma-band power, RT and P300 amplitude. METHODS EEG and behavioral data were collected from 18 schizophrenia patients and 21 healthy controls during a conventional auditory oddball task. RESULTS In controls, single-trial pre-stimulus gamma power was positively correlated with RT, and average P300 amplitude was positively correlated with average pre-stimulus gamma power. DISCUSSION We interpret these findings as evidence that gamma power enhancement reflects a state of greater pre-stimulus preparation resulting in fuller evaluation of the target stimulus and therefore slower RT, as proposed by Jokeit and Makeig (1994). Consistent with previous research, schizophrenia patients exhibited RT slowing and P300 amplitude reductions relative to controls. Importantly, neither RT nor P300 amplitude was related to pre-stimulus gamma power in schizophrenia, suggesting a breakdown in the preparatory brain state critical for stimulus processing and later motor execution. The present findings underscore the behavioral significance of gamma-band responses, and provide an additional link between gamma-band oscillations and information processing abnormalities in schizophrenia.
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Scalp-Recorded Induced Gamma-Band Responses to Auditory Stimulation and Its Correlations with Saccadic Muscle-Activity. Brain Topogr 2010; 24:30-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-010-0157-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Beauregard M, Courtemanche J, Paquette V. Brain activity in near-death experiencers during a meditative state. Resuscitation 2009; 80:1006-10. [PMID: 19573975 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2009.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2009] [Revised: 05/07/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To measure brain activity in near-death experiencers during a meditative state. METHODS In two separate experiments, brain activity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) during a Meditation condition and a Control condition. In the Meditation condition, participants were asked to mentally visualize and emotionally connect with the "being of light" allegedly encountered during their "near-death experience". In the Control condition, participants were instructed to mentally visualize the light emitted by a lamp. RESULTS In the fMRI experiment, significant loci of activation were found during the Meditation condition (compared to the Control condition) in the right brainstem, right lateral orbitofrontal cortex, right medial prefrontal cortex, right superior parietal lobule, left superior occipital gyrus, left anterior temporal pole, left inferior temporal gyrus, left anterior insula, left parahippocampal gyrus and left substantia nigra. In the EEG experiment, electrode sites showed greater theta power in the Meditation condition relative to the Control condition at FP1, F7, F3, T5, P3, O1, FP2, F4, F8, P4, Fz, Cz and Pz. In addition, higher alpha power was detected at FP1, F7, T3 and FP2, whereas higher gamma power was found at FP2, F7, T4 and T5. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that the meditative state was associated with marked hemodynamic and neuroelectric changes in brain regions known to be involved either in positive emotions, visual mental imagery, attention or spiritual experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Beauregard
- Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Canada.
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5-HT4 receptor agonism in the five-choice serial reaction time task. Behav Brain Res 2008; 195:180-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2008.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2008] [Revised: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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A short review of slow phase synchronization and memory: Evidence for control processes in different memory systems? Brain Res 2008; 1235:31-44. [PMID: 18625208 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ford JM, Roach BJ, Hoffman RS, Mathalon DH. The dependence of P300 amplitude on gamma synchrony breaks down in schizophrenia. Brain Res 2008; 1235:133-42. [PMID: 18621027 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Revised: 05/22/2008] [Accepted: 06/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Auditory P300 amplitude reduction in schizophrenia is canonical and may be explained by poor synchronization or reduced power of the underlying neural activity. We asked if patients have reduced synchrony and power, and whether together with P300 amplitude, they make unique or overlapping contributions to the discrimination between patients and controls. We also asked whether people who have large P300s have higher power and greater synchrony of neural activity, and if the relationships between P300 and power and synchrony are different in patients and healthy controls. METHODS We recorded EEG data from 22 controls and 21 patients with schizophrenia (DSM-IV) while they performed an auditory target detection task. We used wavelet analyses of the single trial data to estimate total power and synchrony of delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma activity in a 50ms window around the peak of the P300 to the target. We measured P300 amplitude from the average of the single trials, in a 50ms window around its peak. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS P300 amplitude and delta and theta synchrony were reduced in patients; delta power and synchrony better distinguished between groups than P300 amplitude. In healthy controls, but not patients, gamma synchrony predicted P300 amplitude. In patients, P300 and gamma synchrony are affected by independent factors; the relationship between them is attenuated by an additional pathophysiological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Ford
- Psychiatry Service, San Francisco VA Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
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