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Billeri L, Naro A, Leo A, Galletti B, Tomasello P, Manuli A, Andronaco V, Lauria P, Bramanti A, Calabrò RS. Looking toward predicting functional recovery in disorders of consciousness: can sensorimotor integration help us? Brain Inj 2018; 33:364-369. [PMID: 30501423 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2018.1553309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE Only a few objective prognostic markers are available for patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). We assessed whether the magnitude of short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) might be a useful predictor of responsiveness recovery and functional outcome in patients with DoC. RESEARCH DESIGN We enrolled 40 patients with prolonged Minimally Conscious State (MCS) and Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS) in a longitudinal, observational study. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Clinical features (including Coma Recovery Scale-Revised, CRS-R, and Glasgow Outcome Scale, GOS) and SAI were collected at the study entry and after 18 months from study inclusion, to assess a correlation between SAI and the clinical outcome. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS At the follow-up, 19 patients remained in their baseline condition, whereas 7 UWS evolved into MCS or emerged-from-MCS (EMCS), eight MCS evolved into EMCS, and two MCS- evolved into MCS+. Two UWS and one MCS+ died for cardiopulmonary complications. The patients who showed the highest GOS, the highest CRS-R and the lowest SAI strength at study entry, improved at the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that an objective and simple neurophysiologic measure as SAI strength could provide useful information to predict the outcome and the behavioral responsiveness of patients with DoC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Billeri
- a Behavioral and Robotic Neurorehabilitation Laboratory , IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Messina , Italy
| | - Antonino Naro
- a Behavioral and Robotic Neurorehabilitation Laboratory , IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Messina , Italy
| | - Antonino Leo
- a Behavioral and Robotic Neurorehabilitation Laboratory , IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Messina , Italy
| | - Bruno Galletti
- b Otolaryngology Unit , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Provvidenza Tomasello
- a Behavioral and Robotic Neurorehabilitation Laboratory , IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Messina , Italy
| | - Alfredo Manuli
- a Behavioral and Robotic Neurorehabilitation Laboratory , IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Messina , Italy
| | - Veronica Andronaco
- a Behavioral and Robotic Neurorehabilitation Laboratory , IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Messina , Italy
| | - Paola Lauria
- a Behavioral and Robotic Neurorehabilitation Laboratory , IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Messina , Italy
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- a Behavioral and Robotic Neurorehabilitation Laboratory , IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Messina , Italy
| | - Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
- a Behavioral and Robotic Neurorehabilitation Laboratory , IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo" , Messina , Italy
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Aprigio D, Adolfo W, Bittencourt J, Gongora M, Teixeira S, Basile LF, Budde H, Cagy M, Ribeiro P, Velasques B. Alpha power oscillation in the frontal cortex under Bromazepam and Modafinil effects. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2015; 73:918-23. [PMID: 26517214 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20150140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to investigate and compare the neuromodulatory effects of bromazepam (6 mg) and modafinil (200 mg) during a sensorimotor task analyzing the changes produced in the absolute alpha power. METHOD The sample was composed of 15 healthy individuals exposed to three experimental conditions: placebo, modafinil and bromazepam. EEG data were recorded before, during and after the execution of the task. A three-way ANOVA was applied, in order to compare the absolute alpha power among the factors: Group (control, bromazepam and modafinil) Condition (Pre and Post-drug ingestion) and Moment (pre and post-stimulus). RESULTS Interaction was found between the group and condition factors for Fp1, F4 and F3. We observed a main effect of moment and condition for the Fp2, F8 and Fz electrodes. CONCLUSION We concluded that drugs may interfere in sensorimotor processes, such as in the performance of tasks carried out in an unpredictable scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Aprigio
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Washington Adolfo
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bittencourt
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gongora
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Mapeamento Cerebral e Integração Sensorial Motor, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Silmar Teixeira
- Mapeamento Cerebral e Laboratório de Plasticidade, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Henning Budde
- Medical School Hamburg, Faculty of Human Sciences, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mauricio Cagy
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ribeiro
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Mapeamento Cerebral e Integração Sensorial Motor, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruna Velasques
- Instituto de Psiquiatria, Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Gongora M, Peressuti C, Velasques B, Bittencourt J, Teixeira S, Arias-Carrión O, Cagy M, Ribeiro P. Absolute Theta Power in the Frontal Cortex During a Visuomotor Task: The Effect of Bromazepam on Attention. Clin EEG Neurosci 2015; 46:292-8. [PMID: 25394638 DOI: 10.1177/1550059414535576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bromazepam is a benzodiazepine, which has been widely employed in the treatment of anxiety. We investigated the electrophysiological changes in absolute theta power within the frontal cortex when individuals performed a visuomotor task under bromazepam. The sample of 17 healthy individuals was randomized into 2 experimental conditions, under which bromazepam 6 mg and placebo were administered on different days. All subjects were right -handed, with no mental or physical illness and were not using any psychoactive or psychotropic substance during the entire period of the study. We found an increase in reaction time under bromazepam compared with placebo . With regard to the electrophysiological variable, we found a lower theta power value in the prefrontal cortex prior to task execution, compared with after. We therefore suggested that this could be an increase of neural activity in this region, because of the subjects' readiness to perform the task, that is, because of their higher alertness. The right lateral frontal region showed lower theta power under bromazepam for pre- and post-finger movement. This could have occurred because of more effort to execute the task. In the left frontal region: premovement did not demonstrate any difference between conditions, possibly because the proposed task was simple to execute. In conclusion, theta power plays an important role in the analysis of visuomotor performance, assuming that bromazepam causes impairment on sustained attention and sensory perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Gongora
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caroline Peressuti
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna Velasques
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Institute of Applied Neuroscience, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana Bittencourt
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silmar Teixeira
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Laboratory of Physical Therapy, Veiga de Almeida University of Rio de Janeiro (UVA/RJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Oscar Arias-Carrión
- Movement Disorders and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Unit, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Secretaría de Salud, México DF, México
| | - Mauricio Cagy
- Biomedical Engineering Program, COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Ribeiro
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration Laboratory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Institute of Applied Neuroscience, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil School of Physical Education, Bioscience Department, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Araújo F, Machado S, Paes F, Cunha M, Budde H, Cagy M, Basile LF, Arias-Carrión O, Velasques B, Piedade R, Ribeiro P. The effects of bromazepam over the temporo-parietal areas during the performance of a visuomotor task: a qEEG study. Neurosci Lett 2011; 496:116-20. [PMID: 21511002 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of bromazepam on qEEG when 14 healthy subjects were asked to perform a visuomotor task (i.e., motor vehicle driving task). The subjects were exposed to two experimental conditions: the placebo (PL) and 6 mg of bromazepam (Br 6 mg), following a randomized, double-blind design on different days. Specifically, we observe absolute power extracted from qEEG data for theta band. We expected to see a decrease in absolute theta power in the temporal and parietal areas due to the influence of bromazepam for the experimental group when compared with the placebo group. We found a main effect for the condition factor for electrodes T3, T4, P3 and P4. We also observed a main effect for the period factor for electrodes P3 and P4. We observed that the ingestion of 6 mg of bromazepam induces different patterns in theta power at the temporal and parietal sites. We concluded that 6 mg of bromazepam was an important factor in the fluctuation of the activities in the temporal and parietal areas. We then hypothesize about the specific role of this drug during the execution of a visuomotor task and within the sensorimotor integration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Araújo
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Brazil
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Minc D, Machado S, Bastos VH, Machado D, Cunha M, Cagy M, Budde H, Basile L, Piedade R, Ribeiro P. Gamma band oscillations under influence of bromazepam during a sensorimotor integration task: an EEG coherence study. Neurosci Lett 2009; 469:145-9. [PMID: 19945509 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 11/14/2009] [Accepted: 11/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to explore the dynamics of the gamma band using the coherence of the quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) in a sensorimotor integration task and the influence of the neuromodulator bromazepam on the band behavior. Our hypothesis is that the needs of the typewriting task will demand the coupling of different brain areas, and that the gamma band will promote the binding of information. It is also expected that the neuromodulator will modify this coupling. The sample was composed of 39 healthy subjects. We used a randomized double-blind design and divided subjects into three groups: placebo (n=13), bromazepam 3mg (n=13) and bromazepam 6 mg (n=13). The two-way ANOVA analysis demonstrated a main effect for the factors condition (i.e., C4-CZ electrode pair) and moment (i.e., C3-CZ, C3-C4 and C4-CZ pairs of electrodes). We propose that the gamma band plays an important role in the binding among several brain areas in complex motor tasks and that each hemisphere is influenced in a different manner by the neuromodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Minc
- Brain Mapping and Sensory Motor Integration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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