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Jannuzzi LB, Pereira-Acacio A, Ferreira BSN, Silva-Pereira D, Veloso-Santos JPM, Alves-Bezerra DS, Lopes JA, Costa-Sarmento G, Lara LS, Vieira LD, Abadie-Guedes R, Guedes RCA, Vieyra A, Muzi-Filho H. Undernutrition - thirty years of the Regional Basic Diet: the legacy of Naíde Teodósio in different fields of knowledge. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:1973-1994. [PMID: 33871318 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1915631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Undernutrition is characterized by an imbalance of essential nutrients with an insufficient nutritional intake, a disorder in which the clinical manifestations in most cases are the result of the economic and social context in which the individual lives. In 1990, the study by the medical and humanitarian Naíde Teodósio (1915-2005) and coworkers, which formulated the Regional Basic Diet (RBD) model for inducing undernutrition, was published. This diet model took its origin from the observation of the dietary habits of families that inhabited impoverished areas from the Pernambuco State. RBD mimics an undernutrition framework that extends not only to the Brazilian population, but to populations in different regions worldwide. The studies based on RBD-induced deficiencies provide a better understanding of the impact of undernutrition on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the most diverse prevalent diseases. Indexed papers that are analyzed in this review focus on the importance of using RBD in different areas of knowledge. These papers reflect a new paradigm in translational medicine: they show how the study of pathology using the RBD model in animals over the past 30 years has and still can help scientists today, shedding light on the mechanisms of prevalent diseases that affect impoverished populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa B Jannuzzi
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Amaury Pereira-Acacio
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Translational Biomedicine, University of Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, Brazil.,National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruna S N Ferreira
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Debora Silva-Pereira
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João P M Veloso-Santos
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Danilo S Alves-Bezerra
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jarlene A Lopes
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Glória Costa-Sarmento
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucienne S Lara
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leucio D Vieira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Abadie-Guedes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Rubem C A Guedes
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Vieyra
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Graduate Program of Translational Biomedicine, University of Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, Brazil.,National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology of Regenerative Medicine/REGENERA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Humberto Muzi-Filho
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Sousa MSB, Alves DVDS, Monteiro HMC, Gomes DA, Lira EC, Amancio-Dos-Santos A. Sepsis impairs the propagation of cortical spreading depression in rats and this effect is prevented by antioxidant extract. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 24:130-139. [PMID: 31030633 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1602987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by acute inflammatory response and oxidative stress, which is implicated in cerebral dysfunction. Murici (Byrsonimacrassifolia (L.) Kunth) is a fruit rich in antioxidant compounds, which could be an alternative to prevent damage to tissues induced by sepsis . Here, we evaluated the effects of sepsis on the propagation of cortical spreading depression (CSD) and oxidative stress, and tested the action of murici antioxidant extract in prevention against the effect of sepsis. Male Wistar rats (90-210 days, n = 40) were previously supplemented, orogastrically, with murici extract (150 mg/kg/day or 300 mg/kg/day), or an equivalent volume of the vehicle solution, for fifteen days. Then the animals were subjected to experimental sepsis through cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). Subsequently, CSD recordings were obtained and brain oxidative stress was evaluated. Sepsis decelerated CSD and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the brain cortex of the animals. In contrast, septic rats that had been previously supplemented with murici antioxidant extract in doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg/day showed an increase in CSD propagation velocity, low levels of MDA and GSH/GSSG ratio and an increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, regardless of the dose tested. Our results demonstrate that sepsis affects brain excitability and that this effect can be prevented by murici antioxidant extract. The effects of sepsis and/or murici extract on CSD may be due to the oxidative state of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eduardo Carvalho Lira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Biociências, UFPE, Recife, Brazil
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Ballaz SJ, Rebec GV. Neurobiology of vitamin C: Expanding the focus from antioxidant to endogenous neuromodulator. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146:104321. [PMID: 31229562 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AA) is a water-soluble vitamin (C) found in all bodily organs. Most mammals synthesize it, humans are required to eat it, but all mammals need it for healthy functioning. AA reaches its highest concentration in the brain where both neurons and glia rely on tightly regulated uptake from blood via the glucose transport system and sodium-coupled active transport to accumulate and maintain AA at millimolar levels. As a prototype antioxidant, AA is not only neuroprotective, but also functions as a cofactor in redox-coupled reactions essential for the synthesis of neurotransmitters (e.g., dopamine and norepinephrine) and paracrine lipid mediators (e.g., epoxiecoisatrienoic acids) as well as the epigenetic regulation of DNA. Although redox capacity led to the promotion of AA in high doses as potential treatment for various neuropathological and psychiatric conditions, ample evidence has not supported this therapeutic strategy. Here, we focus on some long-neglected aspects of AA neurobiology, including its modulatory role in synaptic transmission as demonstrated by the long-established link between release of endogenous AA in brain extracellular fluid and the clearance of glutamate, an excitatory amino acid. Evidence that this link can be disrupted in animal models of Huntington´s disease is revealing opportunities for new research pathways and therapeutic applications (e.g., epilepsy and pain management). In fact, we suggest that improved understanding of the regulation of endogenous AA and its interaction with key brain neurotransmitter systems, rather than administration of AA in excess, should be the target of future brain-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago J Ballaz
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuqui, Ecuador.
| | - George V Rebec
- Program in Neuroscience, Department Psychological & Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA.
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Sawicka-Glazer E, Czuczwar SJ. Vitamin C: a new auxiliary treatment of epilepsy? Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:529-33. [PMID: 24948051 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Although many approaches to the therapy of epilepsy exist, most of antiepileptic drugs, beside certain and unquestioned benefits, have convinced disadvantages. That is the reason for looking for new methods of treatment. Ascorbic acid, as an antioxidant and electron donor accumulated in central nervous system, seems to take part in diminishing reactions of oxidative stress in brain and cooperate with other antioxidants like alpha-tocoferol. Vitamin C, easily transported through the blood-brain barrier, is proved to reduce injury in the hippocampus during seizures. Depending on type of seizures, it has mostly inhibitory activity and even decreases mortality. Moreover, vitamin C acts as a neuroprotective factor by consolidating cell membranes and decreasing lipid peroxidation. A possible adjunctive role of vitamin C in epileptic patients needs to be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stanisław J Czuczwar
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University, Lublin, Poland; Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland.
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Effect of systemic kynurenine on cortical spreading depression and its modulation by sex hormones in rat. Exp Neurol 2012; 236:207-14. [PMID: 22587906 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Revised: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aura symptoms in migraine are most likely due to cortical spreading depression (CSD). CSD is favored by NMDA receptor activation and increased cortical excitability. The latter probably explains why migraine with aura may appear when estrogen levels are high, like during pregnancy. Kynurenic acid, a derivative of tryptophan metabolism, is an endogenous NMDA receptor antagonist whose cerebral concentrations can be augmented by systemic administration of its precursor L-kynurenine. OBJECTIVE To determine if exogenous administration of L-kynurenine is able to influence KCl-induced CSD in rat, if the effect is sex-dependent and if it differs in females between the phases of the estrous cycle. METHODS Adult Sprague-Dawley rats (n=8/group) received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of L-kynurenine (L-KYN, 300 mg/kg), L-KYN combined with probenecid (L-KYN+PROB) that increases cortical concentration of KYNA by blocking its excretion from the central nervous system, probenecid alone (PROB, 200 mg/kg) or NaCl. Cortical kynurenic acid concentrations were determined by HPLC (n=7). Thirty minutes after the injections, CSDs were elicited by application of 1M KCl over the occipital cortex and recorded by DC electrocorticogram. In NaCl and L-KYN groups, supplementary females were added and CSD frequency was analyzed respective to the phases of the estrous cycle determined by vaginal smears. RESULTS In both sexes, PROB, L-KYN and L-KYN+PROB increased cortical kynurenic acid level. PROB, L-KYN and L-KYN+PROB with increasing potency decreased CSD frequency in female rats, while in males such an effect was significant only for L-KYN+PROB. The inhibitory effect of L-KYN on CSD frequency in females was most potent in diestrus. CONCLUSION L-Kynurenine administration suppresses CSD, most likely by increasing kynurenic acid levels in the cortex. Females are more sensitive to this suppressive effect of L-kynurenine than males. These results emphasize the role of sex hormones in migraine and open interesting novel perspectives for its preventive treatment.
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Guedes RCA, Abadie-Guedes R, Bezerra RDS. The use of cortical spreading depression for studying the brain actions of antioxidants. Nutr Neurosci 2012; 15:111-9. [PMID: 22583913 DOI: 10.1179/1476830511y.0000000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We review the main adverse effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mammalian organism, introducing the reader on the worldwide problem of the ROS neurophysiological impact on the developing and the adult brain, and discussing the neuroprotective action of antioxidant molecules. METHODS We briefly present the electrophysiological phenomenon designated as 'cortical spreading depression' (CSD), as a parameter of normal brain functioning. We highlight recent electrophysiological advances obtained in experimental studies from our laboratory and from others, showing how to investigate the ROS effects on the brain by using the CSD phenomenon. RESULTS Under conditions such as aging, ROS production by photo-activation of dye molecules and ethanol consumption, we describe the effects, on CSD, of treating animals with (1) antioxidants and (2) with antioxidant-deficient diets. DISCUSSION The current understanding of how ROS affect brain electrophysiological activity and the possible interaction between these ROS effects and those effects of altered nutritional status of the organism are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C A Guedes
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670901 Recife, PE, Brazil.
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