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Chen X, Ding L, Kong D, Zhao X, Liao L, Zhang Y, Li F, Liu R. FXYD6 overexpression in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:259-266. [PMID: 33817214 PMCID: PMC7874599 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of FXYD domain-containing
ion transport regulator 6 (FXYD6) mRNA and protein in hepatitis B virus
(HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues with cirrhosis, the
corresponding paracancerous tissues and the normal liver tissues, and to explore
the clinical significance of FXYD6 expression in HBV-related HCC with
cirrhosis. Methods The FXYD6 mRNA and protein were examined by semi-quantitative reverse
transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry,
respectively. Results The FXYD6 mRNA in HBV-related HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in
the cirrhosis tissues or that in the normal liver tissues. The positive expression
rate of FXYD6 protein was statistically higher in HBV-related HCC tissues than
that in HBV-related cirrhosis or that in normal liver tissues. There was no
significant correlation between the expression of FXYD6 protein and gender, age,
histological differentiation, tumor diameter, tumor number, integrity of tumor
capsule or not and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) concentration in serum, but the protein
expression was associated with microvascular invasion, pathological stage, and
early recurrence after operation within 1 year. Conclusion FXYD6 might be involved in hepatocyte carcinogenesis and tumor progression in
HBV-related HCC with cirrhosis and indicated a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfei Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhuaxi Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou, 061001, P. R. China
| | - Lishuang Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhuaxi Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou, 061001, P. R. China
| | - Deshuai Kong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhuaxi Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou, 061001, P. R. China
| | - Xiulei Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhuaxi Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou, 061001, P. R. China
| | - Lili Liao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhuaxi Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou, 061001, P. R. China
| | - Yaomin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhuaxi Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou, 061001, P. R. China
| | - Fengshan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhuaxi Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou, 061001, P. R. China
| | - Ruhai Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cangzhou Central Hospital, 16 Xinhuaxi Road, Yunhe District, Cangzhou, 061001, P. R. China
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“Reversed polarization” of Na/K-ATPase—a sign of inverted transport in the human endolymphatic sac: a super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) study. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 379:445-457. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe human endolymphatic sac (ES) is believed to regulate inner ear fluid homeostasis and to be associated with Meniere’s disease (MD). We analyzed the ion transport protein sodium/potassium-ATPase (Na/K-ATPase) and its isoforms in the human ES using super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM). Human vestibular aqueducts were collected during trans-labyrinthine vestibular schwannoma surgery after obtaining ethical permission. Antibodies against various isoforms of Na/K-ATPase and additional solute-transporting proteins, believed to be essential for ion and fluid transport, were used for immunohistochemistry. A population of epithelial cells of the human ES strongly expressed Na/K-ATPase α1, β1, and β3 subunit isoforms in either the lateral/basolateral or apical plasma membrane domains. The β1 isoform was expressed in the lateral/basolateral plasma membranes in mostly large cylindrical cells, while β3 and α1 both were expressed with “reversed polarity” in the apical cell membrane in lower epithelial cells. The heterogeneous expression of Na/K-ATPase subunits substantiates earlier notions that the ES is a dynamic structure where epithelial cells show inverted epithelial transport. Dual absorption and secretion processes may regulate and maintain inner ear fluid homeostasis. These findings may shed new light on the etiology of endolymphatic hydrops and MD.
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Ion transport its regulation in the endolymphatic sac: suggestions for clinical aspects of Meniere's disease. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 274:1813-1820. [PMID: 27804084 PMCID: PMC5340852 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-016-4362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Ion transport and its regulation in the endolymphatic sac (ES) are reviewed on the basis of recent lines of evidence. The morphological and physiological findings demonstrate that epithelial cells in the intermediate portion of the ES are more functional in ion transport than those in the other portions. Several ion channels, ion transporters, ion exchangers, and so on have been reported to be present in epithelial cells of ES intermediate portion. An imaging study has shown that mitochondria-rich cells in the ES intermediate portion have a higher activity of Na+, K+-ATPase and a higher Na+ permeability than other type of cells, implying that molecules related to Na+ transport, such as epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), Na+–K+–2Cl− cotransporter 2 (NKCC2) and thiazide-sensitive Na+–Cl− cotransporter (NCC), may be present in mitochondria-rich cells. Accumulated lines of evidence suggests that Na+ transport is most important in the ES, and that mitochondria-rich cells play crucial roles in Na+ transport in the ES. Several lines of evidence support the hypothesis that aldosterone may regulate Na+ transport in ES, resulting in endolymph volume regulation. The presence of molecules related to acid/base transport, such as H+-ATPase, Na+–H+ exchanger (NHE), pendrin (SLC26A4), Cl−–HCO3− exchanger (SLC4A2), and carbonic anhydrase in ES epithelial cells, suggests that acid/base transport is another important one in the ES. Recent basic and clinical studies suggest that aldosterone may be involved in the effect of salt-reduced diet treatment in Meniere’s disease.
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Electrogenic transport and K(+) ion channel expression by the human endolymphatic sac epithelium. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18110. [PMID: 26655723 PMCID: PMC4677336 DOI: 10.1038/srep18110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The endolymphatic sac (ES) is a cystic organ that is a part of the inner ear and is connected to the cochlea and vestibule. The ES is thought to be involved in inner ear ion homeostasis and fluid volume regulation for the maintenance of hearing and balance function. Many ion channels, transporters, and exchangers have been identified in the ES luminal epithelium, mainly in animal studies, but there has been no functional study investigating ion transport using human ES tissue. We designed the first functional experiments on electrogenic transport in human ES and investigated the contribution of K(+) channels in the electrogenic transport, which has been rarely identified, even in animal studies, using electrophysiological/pharmacological and molecular biological methods. As a result, we identified functional and molecular evidence for the essential participation of K(+) channels in the electrogenic transport of human ES epithelium. The identified K(+) channels involved in the electrogenic transport were KCNN2, KCNJ14, KCNK2, and KCNK6, and the K(+) transports via those channels are thought to play an important role in the maintenance of the unique ionic milieu of the inner ear fluid.
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