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Xu Z, Zhao D, Zheng X, Huang B, Pan X, Xia X. Low concentrations of 17β-estradiol exacerbate tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer treatment through membrane estrogen receptor-mediated signaling pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:514-526. [PMID: 34821461 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to discover the influences of tamoxifen and 17β-estradiol (E2) on tamoxifen-resistant (TamR) patients in vitro. Herein, we established a stabilized TamR MCF-7 cell line at 1 μM via gradient concentrations of tamoxifen cultivation. The expression changes of four ER subtypes (ERα66, ERβ, ERα36 and GPR30) were found to bring about tamoxifen resistance. Moreover, the generation of tamoxifen resistance involved in apoptosis escape via a reactive oxygen species-regulated p53 signaling pathway. Interestingly, E2 at environmental concentrations (0.1-10 nM) could activate the expression of both ERα36 and GPR30, and then stimulate the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt, resulting in cell growth promotion. Cell migration and invasion promotion, apoptosis inhibition, and cell cycle G1-S progression are involved in such proliferative effects. Conversely, the application of specific antagonists of ERα36 and GPR30 could restore tamoxifen's sensitivity as well as partially offset E2-mediated proliferation. In short, overexpression of ERα36 and GPR30 not only ablate tamoxifen responsiveness but also could promote tumor progression of TamR breast cancer under estrogen conditions. These results provided novel insights into underlying mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance and the negative effects of steroid estrogens at environmental concentrations on TamR MCF-7 cells, thus generating new thoughts for future management of ER-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Xu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Dimeng Zhao
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xianyao Zheng
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xuejun Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xueshan Xia
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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Tomita S, Ishihara S, Kurita R. A polymer-based chemical tongue for the non-invasive monitoring of osteogenic stem-cell differentiation by pattern recognition of serum-supplemented spent media. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:7581-7590. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00606e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The development of non-invasive techniques to characterize cultured cells is invaluable not only to ensure the reproducibility of cell research, but also for quality assurance of industrial cell products for...
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Amiri S, Davie JR, Rastegar M. Chronic Ethanol Exposure Alters DNA Methylation in Neural Stem Cells: Role of Mouse Strain and Sex. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:650-667. [PMID: 31414368 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is considered as a risk factor for the development of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Evidence indicates that PAE affects epigenetic mechanisms (such as DNA methylation) and alters the normal differentiation and development of neural stem cells (NSC) in the fetal brain. However, PAE effects depend on several factors such as sex and strain of the studied subjects. Here, we investigated whether murine sex and strain contribute to the effects of chronic ethanol exposure on DNA methylation machinery of differentiating NSC. Further, the effects of PAE on glial lineage (including both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) in a sex- and strain-dependent manner have not been studied yet. To examine the effects of chronic ethanol exposure on gliogenesis, we exposed differentiating NSC to glio-inductive culture conditions. Applying a standard in vitro model system, we treated male and female differentiating NSC (obtained from the forebrain of CD1 and C57BL/6 embryos at embryonic day 14.5) with chronic ethanol exposure (70 mM) for 8 days. We show that ethanol induces global DNA hypomethylation, while altering the expression of DNA methylation-related genes in a sex- and strain-specific manner. The observed change in cellular DNA methylation levels was associated with altered expression of glial markers CNPASE, GFAP, and OLIG2 in CD1 (but not C57BL/6) cells. We conclude that the impact of ethanol effect on DNA methylation is dependent on cellular sex and strain. Also, ethanol impact on neural stem cell fate commitment was only detected in cells isolated from CD1 mouse strain, but not in C57BL/6 cells. The results of the current study provide evidence that sex and strain of rodents (C57BL/6 and CD1) during gestation are important factors, which affect alcohol effects on NSC differentiation and DNA methylation. Results of this study may also help in interpreting data on the developmental toxicity of many compounds during the gestational period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Amiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0J9, Canada
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - James R Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Mojgan Rastegar
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0J9, Canada.
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, 745 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 0J9, Canada.
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Tang Z, Jiang F, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Huang X, Wang Y, Zhang D, Ni N, Liu F, Luo M, Fan X, Zhang W, Gu P. Mussel-inspired injectable hydrogel and its counterpart for actuating proliferation and neuronal differentiation of retinal progenitor cells. Biomaterials 2018; 194:57-72. [PMID: 30583149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials-mediated retinal progenitor cell (RPC)-based transplantation therapy has shown substantial potential for retinal degeneration (RD), but it is limited by the poor RPC survival, proliferation and differentiation. Herein, the gelatin-hyaluronic acid (Gel-HA)-based hydrogels formed via moderate Michael-type addition reaction with or without the introduction of mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA), i.e. Gel-HA-PDA and its counterpart Gel-HA hydrogels are developed, and their effects on the biological behaviour of RPCs, including adhesion, survival, proliferation, differentiation, delivery and migration are investigated. The hybrid hydrogels can adopt the intricate structure of the retina with suitable mechanical strength, degradation rate and biological activity to support cellular adhesion, survival and delivery. Meanwhile, Gel-HA hydrogel can remarkably promote RPC proliferation with much larger cell clusters, while Gel-HA-PDA hydrogel significantly enhances RPC adhesion and migration, and directs RPCs to preferentially differentiate toward retinal neurons such as photoreceptors (the most crucial cell-type for RD treatment), which is mainly induced by the activation of integrin α5β1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway. This study demonstrates that Gel-HA hydrogel possesses great potential for RPC proliferation, while mussel-inspired PDA-modified Gel-HA hydrogel with superior biocompatibility can significantly promote RPC neuronal differentiation, providing new insights for developing biomedical materials applied for RPC-based transplantation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Fang Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Yuanhao Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Yuyao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Ni Ni
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
| | - Weian Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, PR China.
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, 200011, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Shen B, Zhang D, Wang Y, Tang Z, Ni N, Jin X, Luo M, Sun H, Gu P. miR-29a regulates the proliferation and differentiation of retinal progenitors by targeting Rbm8a. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31993-32008. [PMID: 28404883 PMCID: PMC5458264 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During development, tight regulation of the expansion of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) and their differentiation into neuronal and glial cells is important for retinal formation and function. Our study demonstrated that microRNA (miR)-29a modulated the proliferation and differentiation of RPCs by suppressing RBM8A (one of the factors in the exon junction complex). Particularly, overexpression of miR-29a reduced RPC proliferation but accelerated RPC differentiation. By contrast, reduction of endogenous miR-29a elicited the opposite effects. Overexpression of miR-29a repressed the translation of Rbm8a, thus negatively regulating RPC proliferation and promoting the neuronal and glial differentiation of RPCs, and knockdown of endogenous Rbm8a phenocopied the observed effects of miR-29a overexpression. Furthermore, a luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-29a directly interacted with the Rbm8a mRNA 3′UTR, which indicated that Rbm8a is the direct target of miR-29a. To further verify the result, co-overexpression of the Rbm8a 3′ UTR-wt (plasmids into which the Rbm8a 3′ UTR sequence had been introduced) and miR-29a in RPCs rescued the phenotype associated with miR-29a overexpression, reversing the promotion of differentiation and inhibition of proliferation. These results show a novel mechanism by which miR-29a regulates the proliferation and differentiation of RPCs through Rbm8a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bingqiao Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yuyao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhimin Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ni Ni
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiaoliang Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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Zhang D, Shen B, Zhang Y, Ni N, Wang Y, Fan X, Sun H, Gu P. Betacellulin regulates the proliferation and differentiation of retinal progenitor cells in vitro. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:330-345. [PMID: 28922560 PMCID: PMC5742713 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) hold great potential for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases. However, their proliferation capacity and differentiation potential towards specific retinal neurons are limited, which limit their future clinical applications. Thus, it is important to improve the RPCs’ ability to proliferate and differentiate. Currently, epidermal growth factor (EGF) is commonly used to stimulate RPC growth in vitro. In this study, we find that betacellulin (BTC), a member of the EGF family, plays important roles in the proliferation and differentiation of RPCs. Our results showed that BTC can significantly promote the proliferation of RPCs more efficiently than EGF. EGF stimulated RPC proliferation through the EGFR/ErbB2‐Erk pathway, while BTC stimulated RPC proliferation more powerfully through the EGFR/ErbB2/ErbB4‐Akt/Erk pathway. Meanwhile, under differentiated conditions, the BTC‐pre‐treated RPCs were preferentially differentiated into retinal neurons, including photoreceptors, one of the most important types of cells for retinal cell replacement therapy, compared to the EGF‐pre‐treated RPCs. In addition, knockdown of endogenous BTC expression can also obviously promote RPC differentiation into retinal neuronal cells. This data demonstrate that BTC plays important roles in promoting RPC proliferation and differentiation into retinal neurons. This study may provide new insights into the study of RPC proliferation and differentiation and make a step towards the application of RPCs in the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingqiao Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ni Ni
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhang Y, Zhang D, Wei W, Shen B, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ji J, Sun H, Luo M, Gu P. Effects of RPE-conditioned medium on the differentiation of hADSCs into RPE cells, and their proliferation and migration. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:3699-3707. [PMID: 29042966 PMCID: PMC5639303 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is associated with the dysfunction and death of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Recently, there has been increasing interest in stem cell-derived RPE cells for cell replacement therapies, such as those for AMD. The present study investigated whether RPE-conditioned medium (RPECM) could promote the differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hADSCs) into RPE cells, and enhance the proliferation and migration of these cells. Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that RPECM induced hADSCs to differentiate into cells expressing RPE markers, including retinoid isomerohydrolase (RPE65), cytokeratin (CK8) and Bestrophin, which were identified to be significantly upregulated by ~10-fold, 3.5-fold and 2.4-fold, respectively, compared with the control group [hADSCs cultured in ADSC-conditioned medium (ADSCCM)]. The immunocytochemistry and western blot analysis results demonstrated that the protein levels of RPE65, CK8 and Bestrophin were significantly increased in RPECM-treated hADSCs. In addition, Cell Counting Kit-8 analysis demonstrated that RPECM promoted the proliferation of induced cells. RPECM also increased the expression level of the cell proliferative marker Ki-67. Furthermore, to evaluate the migration potential, cell migration assays were performed. These assays demonstrated that following RPECM treatment hADSCs migrated more quickly compared with the control group. The results of the present study suggest that RPECM induces hADSCs to differentiate into RPE cells with higher proliferative and migratory potentials, which may aid in applications for hADSCs in RPE regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Bingqiao Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yuyao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yidan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Kumar P, Satyam A, Cigognini D, Pandit A, Zeugolis DI. Low oxygen tension and macromolecular crowding accelerate extracellular matrix deposition in human corneal fibroblast culture. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:6-18. [PMID: 27592127 DOI: 10.1002/term.2283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Development of implantable devices based on the principles of in vitro organogenesis has been hindered due to the prolonged time required to develop an implantable device. Herein we assessed the influence of serum concentration (0.5% and 10%), oxygen tension (0.5%, 2% and 20%) and macromolecular crowding (75 μg/ml carrageenan) in extracellular matrix deposition in human corneal fibroblast culture (3, 7 and 14 days). The highest extracellular matrix deposition was observed after 14 days in culture at 0.5% serum, 2% oxygen tension and 75 μg/ml carrageenan. These data indicate that low oxygen tension coupled with macromolecular crowding significantly accelerate the development of scaffold-free tissue-like modules. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Kumar
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biosciences Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.,Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biosciences Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhigyan Satyam
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biosciences Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.,Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biosciences Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Daniela Cigognini
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biosciences Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.,Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biosciences Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biosciences Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | - Dimitrios I Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biosciences Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.,Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biosciences Research Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
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Ni N, Ji J, Chen S, Zhang D, Wang Z, Shen B, Guo C, Zhang Y, Wang S, Fan X, You Z, Luo M, Gu P. Poly(1,3-propylene sebacate) and Poly(sebacoyl diglyceride): A Pair of Potential Polymers for the Proliferation and Differentiation of Retinal Progenitor Cells. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:1334-47. [PMID: 27275951 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Ni
- Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; School of Medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Jing Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; School of Medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Shuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibersand Polymer Materials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Donghua University; 2999 North Renmin Road Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; School of Medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; School of Medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Bingqiao Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; School of Medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Chunyu Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; School of Medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; School of Medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Shaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibersand Polymer Materials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Donghua University; 2999 North Renmin Road Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; School of Medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Zhengwei You
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibersand Polymer Materials; College of Materials Science and Engineering; Donghua University; 2999 North Renmin Road Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; School of Medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai 200011 China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital; School of Medicine; Shanghai Jiaotong University; Shanghai 200011 China
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10
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The role of miR-135-modified adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in bone regeneration. Biomaterials 2016; 75:279-294. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Qu Z, Guan Y, Cui L, Song J, Gu J, Zhao H, Xu L, Lu L, Jin Y, Xu GT. Transplantation of rat embryonic stem cell-derived retinal progenitor cells preserves the retinal structure and function in rat retinal degeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:219. [PMID: 26553210 PMCID: PMC4640237 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0207-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Degenerative retinal diseases like age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are the leading cause of blindness. Cell transplantation showed promising therapeutic effect for such diseases, and embryonic stem cell (ESC) is one of the sources of such donor cells. Here, we aimed to generate retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) from rat ESCs (rESCs) and to test their therapeutic effects in rat model. METHODS The rESCs (DA8-16) were cultured in N2B27 medium with 2i, and differentiated to two types of RPCs following the SFEBq method with modifications. For rESC-RPC1, the cells were switched to adherent culture at D10, while for rESC-RPC2, the suspension culture was maintained to D14. Both RPCs were harvested at D16. Primary RPCs were obtained from P1 SD rats, and some of them were labeled with EGFP by infection with lentivirus. To generate Rax::EGFP knock-in rESC lines, TALENs were engineered to facilitate homologous recombination in rESCs, which were cotransfected with the targeting vector and TALEN vectors. The differentiated cells were analyzed with live image, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometric analysis, gene expression microarray, etc. RCS rats were used to mimic the degeneration of retina and test the therapeutic effects of subretinally transplanted donor cells. The structure and function of retina were examined. RESULTS We established two protocols through which two types of rESC-derived RPCs were obtained and both contained committed retina lineage cells and some neural progenitor cells (NPCs). These rESC-derived RPCs survived in the host retinas of RCS rats and protected the retinal structure and function in early stage following the transplantation. However, the glia enriched rESC-RPC1 obtained through early and longer adherent culture only increased the b-wave amplitude at 4 weeks, while the longer suspension culture gave rise to evidently neuronal differentiation in rESC-RPC2 which significantly improved the visual function of RCS rats. CONCLUSIONS We have successfully differentiated rESCs to glia enriched RPCs and retinal neuron enriched RPCs in vitro. The retinal neuron enriched rESC-RPC2 protected the structure and function of retina in rats with genetic retinal degeneration and could be a candidate cell source for treating some degenerative retinal diseases in human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Qu
- Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Room 208, Building 5, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Yuan Guan
- Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Room 208, Building 5, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Lu Cui
- Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Room 208, Building 5, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Jian Song
- ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Junjie Gu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Hanzhi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Research Center, and Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Medical Building, Room 521, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Research Center, and Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Ying Jin
- Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Room 208, Building 5, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- ShanghaiTech University School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, and Laboratory of Clinical Visual Science of Tongji Eye Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Medical Building, Room 521, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Research Center, and Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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A regulatory loop containing miR-26a, GSK3β and C/EBPα regulates the osteogenesis of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15280. [PMID: 26469406 PMCID: PMC4606799 DOI: 10.1038/srep15280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the molecular mechanisms responsible for osteogenesis of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) will provide deeper insights into the regulatory mechanisms of this process and help develop more efficient methods for cell-based therapies. In this study, we analysed the role of miR-26a in the regulation of hADSC osteogenesis. The endogenous expression of miR-26a increased during the osteogenic differentiation. The overexpression of miR-26a promoted hADSC osteogenesis, whereas osteogenesis was repressed by miR-26a knockdown. Additionally, miR-26a directly targeted the 3′UTR of the GSK3β, suppressing the expression of GSK3β protein. Similar to the effect of overexpressing miR-26a, the knockdown of GSK3β promoted osteogenic differentiation, whereas GSK3β overexpression inhibited this process, suggesting that GSK3β acted as a negative regulator of hADSC osteogenesis. Furthermore, GSK3β influences Wnt signalling pathway by regulating β-catenin, and subsequently altered the expression of its downstream target C/EBPα. In turn, C/EBPα transcriptionally regulated the expression of miR-26a by physically binding to the CTDSPL promoter region. Taken together, our data identified a novel feedback regulatory circuitry composed of miR-26a, GSK3β and C/EBPα, the function of which might contribute to the regulation of hADSC osteogenesis. Our findings provided new insights into the function of miR-26a and the mechanisms underlying osteogenesis of hADSCs.
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Electrospun SF/PLCL nanofibrous membrane: a potential scaffold for retinal progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14326. [PMID: 26395224 PMCID: PMC4585796 DOI: 10.1038/srep14326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocompatible polymer scaffolds are promising as potential carriers for the delivery of retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) in cell replacement therapy for the repair of damaged or diseased retinas. The primary goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of blended electrospun nanofibrous membranes of silk fibroin (SF) and poly(L-lactic acid-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL), a novel scaffold, on the biological behaviour of RPCs in vitro. To assess the cell-scaffold interaction, RPCs were cultured on SF/PLCL scaffolds for indicated durations. Our data revealed that all the SF/PLCL scaffolds were thoroughly cytocompatible, and the SF:PLCL (1:1) scaffolds yielded the best RPC growth. The in vitro proliferation assays showed that RPCs proliferated more quickly on the SF:PLCL (1:1) than on the other scaffolds and the control. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunocytochemistry analyses demonstrated that RPCs grown on the SF:PLCL (1:1) scaffolds preferentially differentiated toward retinal neurons, including, most interestingly, photoreceptors. In summary, we demonstrated that the SF:PLCL (1:1) scaffolds can not only markedly promote RPC proliferation with cytocompatibility for RPC growth but also robustly enhance RPCs’ differentiation toward specific retinal neurons of interest in vitro, suggesting that SF:PLCL (1:1) scaffolds may have potential applications in retinal cell replacement therapy in the future.
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15
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Macromolecularly crowded in vitro microenvironments accelerate the production of extracellular matrix-rich supramolecular assemblies. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8729. [PMID: 25736020 PMCID: PMC4348624 DOI: 10.1038/srep08729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic strategies based on the principles of tissue engineering by self-assembly put forward the notion that functional regeneration can be achieved by utilising the inherent capacity of cells to create highly sophisticated supramolecular assemblies. However, in dilute ex vivo microenvironments, prolonged culture time is required to develop an extracellular matrix-rich implantable device. Herein, we assessed the influence of macromolecular crowding, a biophysical phenomenon that regulates intra- and extra-cellular activities in multicellular organisms, in human corneal fibroblast culture. In the presence of macromolecules, abundant extracellular matrix deposition was evidenced as fast as 48 h in culture, even at low serum concentration. Temperature responsive copolymers allowed the detachment of dense and cohesive supramolecularly assembled living substitutes within 6 days in culture. Morphological, histological, gene and protein analysis assays demonstrated maintenance of tissue-specific function. Macromolecular crowding opens new avenues for a more rational design in engineering of clinically relevant tissue modules in vitro.
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Ni N, Zhang D, Xie Q, Chen J, Wang Z, Deng Y, Wen X, Zhu M, Ji J, Fan X, Luo M, Gu P. Effects of let-7b and TLX on the proliferation and differentiation of retinal progenitor cells in vitro. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6671. [PMID: 25327364 PMCID: PMC4202307 DOI: 10.1038/srep06671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs manifest significant functions in brain neural stem cell (NSC) self-renewal and differentiation through the post-transcriptional regulation of neurogenesis genes. Let-7b is expressed in the mammalian brain and regulates NSC proliferation and differentiation by targeting the nuclear receptor TLX, which is an essential regulator of NSC self-renewal. Whether let-7b and TLX act as important regulators in retinal progenitor cell (RPC) proliferation and differentiation remains unknown. Here, our data show that let-7b and TLX play important roles in controlling RPC fate determination in vitro. Let-7b suppresses TLX expression to negatively regulate RPC proliferation and accelerate the neuronal and glial differentiation of RPCs. The overexpression of let-7b downregulates TLX levels in RPCs, leading to reduced RPC proliferation and increased neuronal and glial differentiation, whereas antisense knockdown of let-7b produces robust TLX expression,enhanced RPC proliferation and decreased differentiation. Moreover, the inhibition of endogenous TLX by small interfering RNA suppresses RPC proliferation and promotes RPC differentiation. Furthermore, overexpression of TLX rescues let-7b-induced proliferation deficiency and weakens the RPC differentiation enhancement caused by let-7b alone. These results suggest that let-7b, by forming a negative feedback loop with TLX, provides a novel model to regulate the proliferation and differentiation of retinal progenitors in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Ni
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Junzhao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yuan Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xuyang Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Mengyu Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jing Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China
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Hu Y, Luo M, Ni N, Den Y, Xia J, Chen J, Ji J, Zhou X, Fan X, Gu P. Reciprocal actions of microRNA-9 and TLX in the proliferation and differentiation of retinal progenitor cells. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:2771-81. [PMID: 24901604 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has demonstrated critical roles of a number of microRNAs (miRNAs) in stem cell proliferation and differentiation. miRNA-9 (miR-9) is a brain-enriched miRNA. Whether miR-9 has a role in retinal progenitor cell (RPC) proliferation and differentiation remains unknown. In this study, we show that miR-9 plays an important role in RPC fate determination. The expression of miR-9 was inversely correlated with that of the nuclear receptor TLX, which is an essential regulator of neural stem cell self-renewal. Overexpression of miR-9 downregulated the TLX levels in RPCs, leading to reduced RPC proliferation and increased neuronal and glial differentiation, and the effect of miR-9 overexpression on RPC proliferation and differentiation was inhibited by the TLX overexpression; knockdown of miR-9 resulted in increased TLX expression as well as enhanced proliferation of RPCs. Furthermore, inhibition of endogenous TLX by small interfering RNA suppressed RPC proliferation and promoted RPCs to differentiate into retinal neuronal and glial cells. These results suggest that miR-9 and TLX form a feedback regulatory loop to coordinate the proliferation and differentiation of retinal progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Hu
- 1 Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai, China
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18
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Satyam A, Kumar P, Fan X, Gorelov A, Rochev Y, Joshi L, Peinado H, Lyden D, Thomas B, Rodriguez B, Raghunath M, Pandit A, Zeugolis D. Macromolecular crowding meets tissue engineering by self-assembly: a paradigm shift in regenerative medicine. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:3024-3034. [PMID: 24505025 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
MMC, the addition of inert polydispersed macromolecules in the culture media, effectively emulates the dense in vivo extracellular space, resulting in amplified deposition of ECM in vitro and subsequent production of cohesive, ECM-rich living substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhigyan Satyam
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials (NFB), National University of Ireland Galway, (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
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Xie Q, Wang Z, Bi X, Zhou H, Wang Y, Gu P, Fan X. Effects of miR-31 on the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:98-104. [PMID: 24565840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the molecular mechanisms that regulate the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) will bring us more efficient methods for improving the treatment of bone-related diseases. In this study, we analyzed the effects of miR-31 on the osteogenesis of hMSCs. The overexpression of miR-31 repressed the osteogenesis of hMSCs, whereas the downregulation enhanced this process. SATB2 was testified to be a direct target of miR-31, and its effects on the osteogenesis were also described. Most importantly, the knockdown of SATB2 attenuated miR-31's osteogenic effects. Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-31 regulates the osteogenesis of hMSCs by targeting SATB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Bi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yefei Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells stimulate proliferation and neuronal differentiation of retinal progenitor cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76157. [PMID: 24098776 PMCID: PMC3786983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During retina development, retinal progenitor cell (RPC) proliferation and differentiation are regulated by complex inter- and intracellular interactions. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are reported to express a variety of cytokines and neurotrophic factors, which have powerful trophic and protective functions for neural tissue-derived cells. Here, we show that the expanded RPC cultures treated with BMSC-derived conditioned medium (CM) which was substantially enriched for bFGF and CNTF, expressed clearly increased levels of nuclear receptor TLX, an essential regulator of neural stem cell (NSC) self-renewal, as well as betacellulin (BTC), an EGF-like protein described as supporting NSC expansion. The BMSC CM- or bFGF-treated RPCs also displayed an obviously enhanced proliferation capability, while BMSC CM-derived bFGF knocked down by anti-bFGF, the effect of BMSC CM on enhancing RPC proliferation was partly reversed. Under differentiation conditions, treatment with BMSC CM or CNTF markedly favoured RPC differentiation towards retinal neurons, including Brn3a-positive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and rhodopsin-positive photoreceptors, and clearly diminished retinal glial cell differentiation. These findings demonstrate that BMSCs supported RPC proliferation and neuronal differentiation which may be partly mediated by BMSC CM-derived bFGF and CNTF, reveal potential limitations of RPC culture systems, and suggest a means for optimizing RPC cell fate determination in vitro.
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