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Ryan EO, Jiang Z, Nguyen H, Wang X. Interactions of Pleiotrophin with a Structurally Defined Heparin Hexasaccharide. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010050. [PMID: 35053198 PMCID: PMC8773689 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a potent cytokine that plays an important role in neural generation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and cancers. Its interactions with the polysaccharide glycosaminoglycan (GAG) are crucial to PTN’s biological activities. In this study, we investigated the interaction of selectively protonated PTN with the heparin hexasaccharide ΔUA2S-(GlcNS6S-IdoA2S)2-GlcNS6S using solution NMR. The use of a structurally defined oligosaccharide and selectively protonated PTN enabled us to obtain intermolecular contacts using unfiltered NOESY experiments, significantly increasing the amount of high-resolution structural information obtainable. Our data showed that PTN’s arginines, lysines, and tryptophans in the two structured domains have strong interactions with the 2-O-sulfated uronate protons in the heparin hexasaccharide. Consistent with the NMR data is the observation that 2-O-desulfation and N-desulfation/N-acetylation significantly decreased heparin hexasaccharides’ affinity for PTN, while 6-O-desulfation only modestly affected the interactions with PTN. These results allowed us to hypothesize that PTN has a preference for sulfate clusters centered on the GlcNS6S-IdoA2S disaccharide. Using these data and the fact that PTN domains mostly bind heparin hexasaccharides independently, models of the PTN-heparin complex were constructed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xu Wang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-480-7278256
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Sherva R, Zhu C, Wetherill L, Edenberg HJ, Johnson E, Degenhardt L, Agrawal A, Martin NG, Nelson E, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J, Farrer LA. Genome-wide association study of phenotypes measuring progression from first cocaine or opioid use to dependence reveals novel risk genes. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2020.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Substance use disorders (SUD) result in substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Opioids, and to a lesser extent cocaine, contribute to a large percentage of this health burden. Despite their high heritability, few genetic risk loci have been identified for either opioid or cocaine dependence (OD or CD, respectively). A genome-wide association study of OD and CD related phenotypes reflecting the time between first self-reported use of these substances and a first DSM-IV dependence diagnosis was conducted.
Methods: Cox proportional hazards regression in a discovery sample of 6,188 African-Americans (AAs) and 6,835 European-Americans (EAs) participants in a genetic study of multiple substance dependence phenotypes were used to test for association between genetic variants and these outcomes. The top findings were tested for replication in two independent cohorts.
Results: In the discovery sample, three independent regions containing variants associated with time to dependence at P < 5 x 10-8 were identified, one (rs61835088 = 1.03 x 10-8) for cocaine in the combined EA-AA meta-analysis in the gene FAM78B on chromosome 1, and two for opioids in the AA portion of the sample in intergenic regions of chromosomes 4 (rs4860439, P = 1.37 x 10-8) and 9 (rs7032521, P = 3.30 x 10-8). After meta-analysis with data from the replication cohorts, the signal at rs61835088 improved (HR = 0.87, P = 3.71 x 10-9 and an intergenic SNP on chromosome 21 (rs2825295, HR = 1.14, P = 2.57 x 10-8) that missed the significance threshold in the AA discovery sample became genome-wide significant (GWS) for CD.
Conclusions: Although the two GWS variants are not in genes with obvious links to SUD biology and have modest effect sizes, they are statistically robust and show evidence for association in independent samples. These results may point to novel pathways contributing to disease progression and highlight the utility of related phenotypes to better understand the genetics of SUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Sherva
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Congcong Zhu
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Howard J. Edenberg
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA 3Department of Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Emma Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nicholas G. Martin
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Elliot Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Henry R. Kranzler
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania and VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Departments of Psychiatry, Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA 9Department of Psychiatry, VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA 11Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA 12Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA 13Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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3
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Sherva R, Zhu C, Wetherill L, Edenberg HJ, Johnson E, Degenhardt L, Agrawal A, Martin NG, Nelson E, Kranzler HR, Gelernter J, Farrer LA. Genome-wide association study of phenotypes measuring progression from first cocaine or opioid use to dependence reveals novel risk genes. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2021; 2:60-73. [PMID: 34124712 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2021.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Substance use disorders (SUD) result in substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Opioids, and to a lesser extent cocaine, contribute to a large percentage of this health burden. Despite their high heritability, few genetic risk loci have been identified for either opioid or cocaine dependence (OD or CD, respectively). A genome-wide association study of OD and CD related phenotypes reflecting the time between first self-reported use of these substances and a first DSM-IV dependence diagnosis was conducted. Methods Cox proportional hazards regression in a discovery sample of 6,188 African-Americans (AAs) and 6,835 European-Americans (EAs) participants in a genetic study of multiple substance dependence phenotypes were used to test for association between genetic variants and these outcomes. The top findings were tested for replication in two independent cohorts. Results In the discovery sample, three independent regions containing variants associated with time to dependence at P < 5 x 10-8 were identified, one (rs61835088 = 1.03 x 10-8) for cocaine in the combined EA-AA meta-analysis in the gene FAM78B on chromosome 1, and two for opioids in the AA portion of the sample in intergenic regions of chromosomes 4 (rs4860439, P = 1.37 x 10-8) and 9 (rs7032521, P = 3.30 x 10-8). After meta-analysis with data from the replication cohorts, the signal at rs61835088 improved (HR = 0.87, P = 3.71 x 10-9 and an intergenic SNP on chromosome 21 (rs2825295, HR = 1.14, P = 2.57 x 10-8) that missed the significance threshold in the AA discovery sample became genome-wide significant (GWS) for CD. Conclusions Although the two GWS variants are not in genes with obvious links to SUD biology and have modest effect sizes, they are statistically robust and show evidence for association in independent samples. These results may point to novel pathways contributing to disease progression and highlight the utility of related phenotypes to better understand the genetics of SUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Sherva
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Congcong Zhu
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Leah Wetherill
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Howard J Edenberg
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Emma Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Louisa Degenhardt
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Elliot Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania and VISN 4 MIRECC, Crescenz VAMC, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Departments of Psychiatry, Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Fernández-Calle R, Gramage E, Zapico JM, de Pascual-Teresa B, Ramos A, Herradón G. Inhibition of RPTPβ/ζ blocks ethanol-induced conditioned place preference in pleiotrophin knockout mice. Behav Brain Res 2019; 369:111933. [PMID: 31054277 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.111933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Pleiotrophin (PTN) and Midkine (MK) are neurotrophic factors that are upregulated in the prefrontal cortex after alcohol administration and have been shown to reduce ethanol drinking and reward. PTN and MK are endogenous inhibitors of Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (RPTP) β/ζ. Interestingly, pharmacological inhibition of RPTPβ/ζ reduces ethanol consumption and blocks ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) in wild type mice. Since PTN-knockout (Ptn-/-) mice are more sensitive to the conditioning effects of alcohol, we aimed to test the effects of MY10, a small-molecule inhibitor of RPTPβ/ζ, on ethanol-induced CPP in Ptn-/- mice. The data presented here demonstrate for the first time that a regular dose of MY10, known to block ethanol consumption and reward in wild type mice, also blocks the rewarding effects of ethanol in the more vulnerable individuals lacking PTN, the endogenous inhibitor of RPTPβ/ζ. In addition, since MY10 readily penetrates the blood brain barrier (BBB), we tested its effects in a series of behavioural tests in Ptn+/+ and Ptn-/- mice. The data indicate that MY10 does not cause gross behavioural effects in wild type mice. However, MY10 tended to induce anxiolytic effects in Ptn-/- mice in the elevated plus maze paradigm. Overall, the data indicate that MY10 rescues Ptn-/- mice from their increased susceptibility to the conditioning effects of ethanol and may induce anxiolytic effects in individuals with reduced or absent PTN functions. Further studies are needed to confirm the potential of pharmacological inhibition of RPTPβ/ζ as a new therapeutic strategy in the treatment of anxiety-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalía Fernández-Calle
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Gramage
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Zapico
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Pascual-Teresa
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ramos
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Herradón
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
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The Role of Cell Adhesion Molecule Genes Regulating Neuroplasticity in Addiction. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:9803764. [PMID: 29675039 PMCID: PMC5838467 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9803764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of genetic approaches, including twin studies, linkage studies, and candidate gene studies, has established a firm genetic basis for addiction. However, there has been difficulty identifying the precise genes that underlie addiction liability using these approaches. This situation became especially clear in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of addiction. Moreover, the results of GWAS brought into clarity many of the shortcomings of those early genetic approaches. GWAS studies stripped away those preconceived notions, examining genes that would not previously have been considered in the study of addiction, consequently creating a shift in our understanding. Most importantly, those studies implicated a class of genes that had not previously been considered in the study of addiction genetics: cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Considering the well-documented evidence supporting a role for various CAMs in synaptic plasticity, axonal growth, and regeneration, it is not surprising that allelic variation in CAM genes might also play a role in addiction liability. This review focuses on the role of various cell adhesion molecules in neuroplasticity that might contribute to addictive processes and emphasizes the importance of ongoing research on CAM genes that have been implicated in addiction by GWAS.
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Pastor M, Fernández-Calle R, Di Geronimo B, Vicente-Rodríguez M, Zapico JM, Gramage E, Coderch C, Pérez-García C, Lasek AW, Puchades-Carrasco L, Pineda-Lucena A, de Pascual-Teresa B, Herradón G, Ramos A. Development of inhibitors of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase β/ζ (PTPRZ1) as candidates for CNS disorders. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 144:318-329. [PMID: 29275231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A new series of blood-brain barrier permeable molecules designed to mimic the activity of Pleiotrophin in the CNS has been designed and synthesized. These compounds exert their action by interacting with the intracellular domain PD1 of the Protein Tyrosine-Phosphatase Receptor Z1 (PTPRZ1), and inhibiting its tyrosine phosphatase activity. The most potent compounds 10a and 12b (IC50 = 0,1 μM) significantly increase the phosphorylation of key tyrosine residues of PTPRZ1 substrates involved in neuronal survival and differentiation, and display protective effects against amphetamine-induced toxicity. Docking and molecular dynamics experiments have been used to analyze the binding mode and to explain the observed selectivity against PTP1B. An In vivo experiment has demonstrated that 10a can cross the BBB, thus promoting the possibility of moving forward these candidates for the development of drugs for the treatment of CNS disorders, such as drug addiction and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Pastor
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosalía Fernández-Calle
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Di Geronimo
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Vicente-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Zapico
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Gramage
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claire Coderch
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Pérez-García
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amy W Lasek
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Leonor Puchades-Carrasco
- Unidad Mixta en Metabolómica Clínica Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, Torre A, 6-17, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Pineda-Lucena
- Unidad Mixta en Metabolómica Clínica Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe - Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 106, Torre A, 6-17, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Pascual-Teresa
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gonzalo Herradón
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Ramos
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28925, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-eighth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2015 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia, stress and social status, tolerance and dependence, learning and memory, eating and drinking, drug abuse and alcohol, sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology, mental illness and mood, seizures and neurologic disorders, electrical-related activity and neurophysiology, general activity and locomotion, gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions, cardiovascular responses, respiration and thermoregulation, and immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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Roversi K, Pase CS, Roversi K, Vey LT, Dias VT, Metz VG, Burger ME. Trans fat intake across gestation and lactation increases morphine preference in females but not in male rats: Behavioral and biochemical parameters. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 788:210-217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Acute Morphine, Chronic Morphine, and Morphine Withdrawal Differently Affect Pleiotrophin, Midkine, and Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase β/ζ Regulation in the Ventral Tegmental Area. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:495-510. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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