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Hernández-Lorenzo L, García-Gutiérrez F, Solbas-Casajús A, Corrochano S, Matías-Guiu JA, Ayala JL. Genetic-based patient stratification in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9970. [PMID: 38693203 PMCID: PMC11063050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60707-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) shows a high pathological and symptomatological heterogeneity. To study this heterogeneity, we have developed a patient stratification technique based on one of the most significant risk factors for the development of AD: genetics. We addressed this challenge by including network biology concepts, mapping genetic variants data into a brain-specific protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and obtaining individualized PPI scores that we then used as input for a clustering technique. We then phenotyped each obtained cluster regarding genetics, sociodemographics, biomarkers, fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging, and neurocognitive assessments. We found three clusters defined mainly by genetic variants found in MAPT, APP, and APOE, considering known variants associated with AD and other neurodegenerative disease genetic architectures. Profiling of these clusters revealed minimal variation in AD symptoms and pathology, suggesting different biological mechanisms may activate the neurodegeneration and pathobiological patterns behind AD and result in similar clinical and pathological presentations, even a shared disease diagnosis. Lastly, our research highlighted MAPT, APP, and APOE as key genes where these genetic distinctions manifest, suggesting them as potential targets for personalized drug development strategies to address each AD subgroup individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hernández-Lorenzo
- Department of Computer Architecture and Automation, Computer Science Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fernando García-Gutiérrez
- Department of Computer Architecture and Automation, Computer Science Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Solbas-Casajús
- Department of Computer Architecture and Automation, Computer Science Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Corrochano
- Department of Neurology, San Carlos Research Institute (IdSSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi A Matías-Guiu
- Department of Neurology, San Carlos Research Institute (IdSSC), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose L Ayala
- Department of Computer Architecture and Automation, Computer Science Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnología del Conocimiento, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Sun J, Deng L, Zhu H, Liu M, Lyu R, Lai Q, Zhang Y. Meta-analysis on the association between rs11868035, rs823144, rs3851179 and Parkinson's disease. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Styrpejko DJ, Cuajungco MP. Transmembrane 163 (TMEM163) Protein: A New Member of the Zinc Efflux Transporter Family. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020220. [PMID: 33670071 PMCID: PMC7926707 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence continues to demonstrate the vital roles that zinc and its transporters play on human health. The mammalian solute carrier 30 (SLC30) family, with ten current members, controls zinc efflux transport in cells. TMEM163, a recently reported zinc transporter, has similar characteristics in both predicted transmembrane domain structure and function to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) protein superfamily. This review discusses past and present data indicating that TMEM163 is a zinc binding protein that transports zinc in cells. We provide a brief background on TMEM163’s discovery, transport feature, protein interactome, and similarities, as well as differences, with known SLC30 (ZnT) protein family. We also examine recent reports that implicate TMEM163 directly or indirectly in various human diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Mucolipidosis type IV and diabetes. Overall, the role of TMEM163 protein in zinc metabolism is beginning to be realized, and based on current evidence, we propose that it is likely a new CDF member belonging to mammalian SLC30 (ZnT) zinc efflux transporter proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Styrpejko
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA;
| | - Math P. Cuajungco
- Department of Biological Science, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA;
- Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831, USA
- Correspondence:
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Perez-Pardo P, Grobben Y, Willemsen-Seegers N, Hartog M, Tutone M, Muller M, Adolfs Y, Pasterkamp RJ, Vu-Pham D, van Doornmalen AM, van Cauter F, de Wit J, Gerard Sterrenburg J, Uitdehaag JCM, de Man J, Buijsman RC, Zaman GJR, Kraneveld AD. Pharmacological validation of TDO as a target for Parkinson's disease. FEBS J 2021; 288:4311-4331. [PMID: 33471408 PMCID: PMC8359396 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease patients suffer from both motor and nonmotor impairments. There is currently no cure for Parkinson’s disease, and the most commonly used treatment, levodopa, only functions as a temporary relief of motor symptoms. Inhibition of the expression of the L‐tryptophan‐catabolizing enzyme tryptophan 2,3‐dioxygenase (TDO) has been shown to inhibit aging‐related α‐synuclein toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. To evaluate TDO inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease, a brain‐penetrable, small molecule TDO inhibitor was developed, referred to as NTRC 3531‐0. This compound potently inhibits human and mouse TDO in biochemical and cell‐based assays and is selective over IDO1, an evolutionary unrelated enzyme that catalyzes the same reaction. In mice, NTRC 3531‐0 increased plasma and brain L‐tryptophan levels after oral administration, demonstrating inhibition of TDO activity in vivo. The effect on Parkinson’s disease symptoms was evaluated in a rotenone‐induced Parkinson’s disease mouse model. A structurally dissimilar TDO inhibitor, LM10, was evaluated in parallel. Both inhibitors had beneficial effects on rotenone‐induced motor and cognitive dysfunction as well as rotenone‐induced dopaminergic cell loss and neuroinflammation in the substantia nigra. Moreover, both inhibitors improved intestinal transit and enhanced colon length, which indicates a reduction of the rotenone‐induced intestinal dysfunction. Consistent with this, mice treated with TDO inhibitor showed decreased expression of rotenone‐induced glial fibrillary acidic protein, which is a marker of enteric glial cells, and decreased α‐synuclein accumulation in the enteric plexus. Our data support TDO inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy to decrease motor, cognitive, and gastrointestinal symptoms in Parkinson’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Perez-Pardo
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Grobben
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V, Oss, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mitch Hartog
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michaela Tutone
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle Muller
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V, Oss, The Netherlands
| | - Youri Adolfs
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Jeroen Pasterkamp
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Diep Vu-Pham
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V, Oss, The Netherlands
| | | | - Freek van Cauter
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V, Oss, The Netherlands
| | - Joeri de Wit
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V, Oss, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jos de Man
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V, Oss, The Netherlands
| | | | - Guido J R Zaman
- Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V, Oss, The Netherlands
| | - Aletta D Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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