1
|
Marchetti B, Tirolo C, L'Episcopo F, Caniglia S, Testa N, Smith JA, Pluchino S, Serapide MF. Parkinson's disease, aging and adult neurogenesis: Wnt/β-catenin signalling as the key to unlock the mystery of endogenous brain repair. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13101. [PMID: 32050297 PMCID: PMC7059166 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A common hallmark of age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases is an impairment of adult neurogenesis. Wingless-type mouse mammary tumor virus integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin (WβC) signalling is a vital pathway for dopaminergic (DAergic) neurogenesis and an essential signalling system during embryonic development and aging, the most critical risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). To date, there is no known cause or cure for PD. Here we focus on the potential to reawaken the impaired neurogenic niches to rejuvenate and repair the aged PD brain. Specifically, we highlight WβC-signalling in the plasticity of the subventricular zone (SVZ), the largest germinal region in the mature brain innervated by nigrostriatal DAergic terminals, and the mesencephalic aqueduct-periventricular region (Aq-PVR) Wnt-sensitive niche, which is in proximity to the SNpc and harbors neural stem progenitor cells (NSCs) with DAergic potential. The hallmark of the WβC pathway is the cytosolic accumulation of β-catenin, which enters the nucleus and associates with T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer binding factor (TCF/LEF) transcription factors, leading to the transcription of Wnt target genes. Here, we underscore the dynamic interplay between DAergic innervation and astroglial-derived factors regulating WβC-dependent transcription of key genes orchestrating NSC proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation. Aging, inflammation and oxidative stress synergize with neurotoxin exposure in "turning off" the WβC neurogenic switch via down-regulation of the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/Wnt-regulated signalosome, a key player in the maintenance of antioxidant self-defense mechanisms and NSC homeostasis. Harnessing WβC-signalling in the aged PD brain can thus restore neurogenesis, rejuvenate the microenvironment, and promote neurorescue and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Marchetti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC)Pharmacology and Physiology SectionsMedical SchoolUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
- Neuropharmacology SectionOASI Research Institute‐IRCCSTroinaItaly
| | - Cataldo Tirolo
- Neuropharmacology SectionOASI Research Institute‐IRCCSTroinaItaly
| | | | | | - Nunzio Testa
- Neuropharmacology SectionOASI Research Institute‐IRCCSTroinaItaly
| | - Jayden A. Smith
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Stefano Pluchino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Maria F. Serapide
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC)Pharmacology and Physiology SectionsMedical SchoolUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He XJ, Uchida K, Megumi C, Tsuge N, Nakayama H. Dietary curcumin supplementation attenuates 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) neurotoxicity in C57BL mice. J Toxicol Pathol 2015; 28:197-206. [PMID: 26538809 PMCID: PMC4604129 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2015-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies in vivo and in vitro suggest that curcumin is a neuroprotective agent. Experiments were conducted to determine whether dietary supplementation with curcumin has neuroprotective effects in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Treatment with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) significantly induced the loss of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra and deletion of dopamine in the striatum, which was attenuated by long-term (7 weeks) dietary supplementation with curcumin at a concentration of 0.5% or 2.0% (w/w). Although curcumin did not prevent the MPTP-induced apoptosis of neuroblasts in the subventricular zone (SVZ), it promoted the regeneration of neuroblasts in the anterior part of the SVZ (SVZa) at 3 days after MPTP treatment. Furthermore, curcumin enhanced the MPTP-induced activation of microglia and astrocytes in the striatum and increased the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) in the striatum and SVZ. GDNF and TGFβ1 are thought to play an important role in protecting neurons from injury in the central and peripheral nervous systems. These results suggest that long-term administration of curcumin blocks the neurotoxicity of MPTP in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system of the mouse and that the neuroprotective effect might be correlated with the increased expression of GDNF and TGFβ1. Curcumin may be effective in preventing or slowing the progression of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150001 People's Republic of China ; Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi,Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi,Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Chiaki Megumi
- Somatech Center, House Foods Corporation, 1-4 Takanodai, Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0033, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Tsuge
- Somatech Center, House Foods Corporation, 1-4 Takanodai, Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi,Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cai J, Tian Y, Lin R, Chen X, Liu Z, Xie J. Protective effects of kidney-tonifying Chinese herbal preparation on substantia nigra neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:413-20. [PMID: 25774182 PMCID: PMC4350126 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Chinese herbs Herba Epimedii, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi and Rhizoma Polygonati were injected into Parkinson's disease mice established via intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride. The selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitor selegiline was used as a positive control drug. After successive administration for 4 weeks, Herba Epimedii could downregulate the expression of caspase-3 and increase the brain-derived neurotrophic factor level, as well as increase tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease mouse models. Rhizoma Polygonati could downregulate the expression of caspase-3 and FasL, and increase neural growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels. Fructus Ligustri Lucidi could downregulate caspase-3 expression. Rhizoma Polygonati and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi did not produce obvious effects on tyrosine hydroxylase activity. Herba Epimedii and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi yielded similar effects on apoptosis-promoting factors to those elicited by selegiline. Herba Epimedii and Rhizoma Polygonati significantly increased the levels of neurotrophic factors compared with selegiline. Herba Epimedii significantly increased tyrosine hydroxylase activity compared with selegiline. It is indicated that the kidney-tonifying Chinese herbal preparation can downregulate the expression of apoptosis-promoting factors, increase neurotrophic factors levels in the substantia nigra and striatum, as well as increase tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease mouse models, thereby exerting a stronger or similar neuroprotective effects compared with selegiline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yun Tian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ruhui Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xuzheng Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhizhen Liu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jindong Xie
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Naoi M, Maruyama W. Functional mechanism of neuroprotection by inhibitors of type B monoamine oxidase in Parkinson’s disease. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 9:1233-50. [DOI: 10.1586/ern.09.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
5
|
Sai T, Uchida K, Nakayama H. Biochemical evaluation of the neurotoxicity of MPTP and MPP⁺ in embryonic and newborn mice. J Toxicol Sci 2013; 38:445-58. [PMID: 23665943 DOI: 10.2131/jts.38.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
One of the toxicities caused by 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is damage to dopaminergic neurons. When injected into C57BL/6J mice, MPTP penetrates into the brain and is converted to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP⁺) by monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B in astrocytes. MPP⁺ has high affinity for the dopamine transporter (DAT) on dopaminergic neurons, and is taken up into the cell to cause cell death. There have been relatively few researches on the acute MPTP toxicity to embryonic or newborn mice. In the present study, we attempted to evaluate the influence of MPTP and MPP⁺ on embryonic and newborn mice by measuring sequential changes in major indexes of MPTP toxicity and MPTP metabolism; levels of Tyrosine Hydroxylase (TH), DAT, MAO-A and MAO-B. In addition, we measured the levels of dopamine and its metabolites, 3,4-dihydroxy-phenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA), in the brain of newborn mice. A single injection of MPTP and MPP⁺ reduced the levels of dopamine and its metabolites, DOPAC and HVA, in the brain of newborn mice about 6-12 hr after the injection. Similarly the levels of mRNAs and proteins of DAT and TH were lowered in the brain of embryonic and newborn mice as well. The levels of these indexes were generally recovered at 24 hr after injection, indicating that the neurotoxicity induced by a single injection of MPTP or MPP⁺ is temporary and recoverable in embryonic and newborn mice. By contrast, no significant changes in the expression levels of MAO-A and MAO-B were observed in either MPTP- or MPP⁺-treated mice.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/adverse effects
- 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine/metabolism
- 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium/metabolism
- 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/metabolism
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Brain/embryology
- Brain/metabolism
- Dopamine/metabolism
- Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism
- Dopaminergic Neurons/metabolism
- Dopaminergic Neurons/pathology
- Female
- Homovanillic Acid/metabolism
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- MPTP Poisoning/metabolism
- Male
- Maternal-Fetal Exchange
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Monoamine Oxidase/physiology
- Pregnancy
- Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/metabolism
Collapse
|
6
|
Sai T, Uchida K, Nakayama H. Changes of MAO-A and MAO-B Expressions in the Placenta of MPTP or MPP(+) Treated Mice. J Toxicol Pathol 2013; 26:73-7. [PMID: 23723572 PMCID: PMC3620218 DOI: 10.1293/tox.26.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the influence of intraperitoneal administration of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) or 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) on the placenta. There was no increase in apoptotic cells in the placentas of C57BL/6 mice treated with 25.0 mg/kg MPTP or 17.1 mg/kg MPP+, indicating that a single injection of the chemicals may induce very slight cytotoxicity in the placenta at 12 hr after administration. The decrease in the expression of monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A in the labyrinth zone and that of MAO-B in the basal zone may be due to the decrease in cell activity, whereas the increase of MAO-B expression in the labyrinth zone after MPTP treatment may be due to a responsive reaction caused by MPTP, one of the substrates of MAO-B. The results represent histological evidence that MAO-B may be involved in the metabolism of MPTP to MPP+ in the labyrinth zone of the mouse placenta. In the present study, no increase in apoptotic cells indicates that MPTP and MPP+ are hardly toxic to the placenta, and the histological change in MAO-B expression may indicate the possibility of involvement of placental MAO-B in MPTP metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Sai
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan ; Pathology Group, Toxicology and Pharmacokinetics Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Laboratories, Toray Industries, Inc., 6-10-1 Tebiro, Kamakura-shi, Kanagawa 248-8555, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sai T, Uchida K, Nakayama H. Involvement of monoamine oxidase-B in the acute neurotoxicity of MPTP in embryonic and newborn mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:365-73. [PMID: 22281418 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Sai
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sai T, Uchida K, Nakayama H. Acute toxicity of MPTP and MPP+ in the brain of embryo and newborn mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:113-9. [PMID: 21798732 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
9
|
Ito T, Suzuki K, Uchida K, Nakayama H. 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neuroblastic apoptosis in the subventricular zone is caused by 1-methy-4-phenylpiridinium (MPP+) converted from MPTP through MAO-B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:761-5. [PMID: 21324658 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2011.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
10
|
Shibui Y, He XJ, Uchida K, Nakayama H. MPTP-induced neuroblast apoptosis in the subventricular zone is not regulated by dopamine or other monoamine transporters. Neurotoxicology 2009; 30:1036-44. [PMID: 19616025 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Revised: 07/05/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
For 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) to exert neurotoxicity on dopaminergic neurons, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), a metabolite of MPTP, must be taken up into the dopaminergic neuron via the dopamine transporter (DAT). Previous reports have shown that MPTP also causes neuroblast apoptosis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of adult mice. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of DAT and other monoamine transporters including vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), the serotonin transporter (SERT), and the norepinephrine transporter (NET) on the neuroblast apoptosis induced by MPTP administration. There were no DAT-positive neuroblasts in the SVZ, whereas some neuroblasts were immunopositive for VMAT2 and SERT. To examine whether these transporters are involved in MPTP-induced neuroblast apoptosis in the SVZ, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP endlabeling (TUNEL)-positive cells were semiquantitatively analyzed after the injection of GBR12909 (GBR), a DAT inhibitor; tetrabenazine (TBZ), a VMAT2 inhibitor; fluoxetine (FLU), a SERT inhibitor, or desipramine (DES), a NET inhibitor, prior to MPTP injection. However, the injection of these transporter inhibitors had no influence on the MPTP-induced neuroblast apoptosis in the SVZ. It is likely that neither DAT nor other monoamine transporters are involved in MPTP-induced neuroblast apoptosis. The present findings suggest that the neurotoxicity of MPTP to neuroblasts in the SVZ does not require DAT or other monoamine transporters, and the apoptosis it induces may be executed through other unknown pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Shibui
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
He XJ, Nakayama H. Neurogenesis in Neurotoxin-induced Animal Models for Parkinson's Disease-A Review of the Current Status. J Toxicol Pathol 2009; 22:101-8. [PMID: 22271983 PMCID: PMC3246055 DOI: 10.1293/tox.22.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal models for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are essential for understanding its pathogenesis and for development and testing of new therapies. Discoveries of endogenous neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain give new insight into the cell-based approach for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as PD. Although a great deal of interest has been focused on endogenous neurogenesis in neurotoxin-induced animal models for PD, it still remains controversial whether neural stem cells migrate into the injured area and contribute to repopulation of depleted dopaminergic neurons in neurotoxin-injured adult brains. The purpose of this review is to examine the data available regarding neurogenesis in neurotoxin-induced animal models of PD. It is hoped that data from the animal investigations available in the literature will promote understanding of the neurotoxin-induced animal models for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jun He
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|