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Chen Y, Kong C, Yang M, Liu Y, Han Z, Xu L, Zheng X, Ding Y, Yin Z, Zhang X. 2,5-Hexanedione Affects Ovarian Granulosa Cells in Swine by Regulating the CDKN1A Gene: A Transcriptome Analysis. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10030201. [PMID: 36977240 PMCID: PMC10058995 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10030201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
N-hexane, a common industrial organic solvent, causes multiple organ damage owing to its metabolite, 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD). To identify and evaluate the effects of 2,5-HD on sows’ reproductive performance, we used porcine ovarian granulosa cells (pGCs) as a vehicle and carried out cell morphology and transcriptome analyses. 2,5-HD has the potential to inhibit the proliferation of pGCs and induce morphological changes and apoptosis depending on the dose. RNA-seq analyses identified 4817 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 2394 down-regulated and 2423 up-regulated following 2,5-HD exposure treatment. The DEG, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, was significantly enriched in the p53 signaling pathway. Thus, we evaluated its function in pGC apoptosis in vitro. Then, we knocked down the CDKN1A gene in the pGCs to identify its effects on pGCs. Its knockdown decreased pGC apoptosis, with significantly fewer cells in the G1 phase (p < 0.05) and very significantly more cells in the S phase (p < 0.01). Herein, we revealed novel candidate genes that influence pGCs apoptosis and cell cycle and provided new insights into the role of CDKN1A in pGCs during apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Chen
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chengcheng Kong
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Min Yang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Aquaculture & Stock Enhancement, Fishery Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yangguang Liu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zheng Han
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Liming Xu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xianrui Zheng
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yueyun Ding
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zongjun Yin
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-13866191465 (Z.Y.); +86-15055138374 (X.Z.); Fax: +86-551-65787303 (Z.Y. & X.Z.)
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130, West Changjiang Road, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Y.); (X.Z.); Tel.: +86-13866191465 (Z.Y.); +86-15055138374 (X.Z.); Fax: +86-551-65787303 (Z.Y. & X.Z.)
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2
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Wu J, Hou S, Yang L, Wang Y, Wen C, Guo Y, Luo S, Fang H, Jiao H, Xu H, Zhang S. P62/SQSTM1 upregulates NQO1 transcription via Nrf2/Keap1a signaling pathway to resist microcystins-induced oxidative stress in freshwater mussel Cristaria plicata. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 255:106398. [PMID: 36669434 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are the most frequent and widely distributed type of cyanotoxin in aquatic systems, and they cause an imbalance of the body's oxidative system. In a previous experiment, we demonstrated that the mollusk Cristaria plicata can protect against MC-induced oxidative damage through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)/Kelch-like epichlorohydrin-related protein-1 (Keap1) pathway. Here, we evaluated whether selective autophagy affects the Nrf2/Keap1a anti-oxidative stress pathway in C. plicata. Full-length cDNA sequences of p62/SQSTM1 from C. plicata (Cpp62) were divided into 2484 bp fragments. From N-terminal to C-terminal, the amino acid sequence of Cpp62 contained PB1 (Phox and Bem1p domain), ZNF (zinc finger domain) chain, LIR (LC3 interacting region) and UBA (ubiquitin-associated domain) domains, but not the KIR (Keap1 interacting region) domain. We confirmed that Cpp62 did not bind to CpKeap1a in vitro, and the relative level of Cpp62 was the highest in the hepatopancreas. Moreover, MCs significantly upregulated the mRNA and protein levels of Cpp62 in the hepatopancreas after CpKeap1a knockdown, whereas Nrf2 upregulated the transcription levels of Cpp62, suggesting that MCs increased Cpp62 expression via the Nrf2/Keap1a signaling pathway. Moreover, Cpp62 and CpNrf2 proteins have a strong affinity for the NQO1 promoter, but MCs inhibited the ability of CpNrf2 and Cpp62 to upregulate luciferase activity. The results show that Nrf2 and the p62 protein induced p62 expression by binding to ARE (antioxidant response element) sequences in the p62 promoter of C. plicata, thereby promoting p62 to resist MC-induced oxidative stress. Therefore, we speculate that MCs induce p62-dependent autophagy in C. plicata, resulting in the inhibition of Nrf2 transcription and Cpp62 promoter activity. These findings help to reveal the mechanism by which the p62-Nrf2/Keap1 pathway mitigates MC-induced oxidative damage in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jielian Wu
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Shumin Hou
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Lang Yang
- Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yanrui Wang
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Chungen Wen
- Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Yuping Guo
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shanshan Luo
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Haihong Fang
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - He Jiao
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Shuangping Zhang
- Science & Technology Normal University of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330013, China
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3
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Cravotto C, Fabiano-Tixier AS, Claux O, Abert-Vian M, Tabasso S, Cravotto G, Chemat F. Towards Substitution of Hexane as Extraction Solvent of Food Products and Ingredients with No Regrets. Foods 2022; 11:3412. [PMID: 36360023 PMCID: PMC9655691 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hexane is a solvent used extensively in the food industry for the extraction of various products such as vegetable oils, fats, flavours, fragrances, colour additives or other bioactive ingredients. As it is classified as a "processing aid", it does not have to be declared on the label under current legislation. Therefore, although traces of hexane may be found in final products, especially in processed products, its presence is not known to consumers. However, hexane, and in particular the n-hexane isomer, has been shown to be neurotoxic to humans and has even been listed as a cause of occupational diseases in several European countries since the 1970s. In order to support the European strategy for a toxic-free environment (and toxic-free food), it seemed important to collect scientific information on this substance by reviewing the available literature. This review contains valuable information on the nature and origin of the solvent hexane, its applications in the food industry, its toxicological evaluation and possible alternatives for the extraction of natural products. Numerous publications have investigated the toxicity of hexane, and several studies have demonstrated the presence of its toxic metabolite 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD) in the urine of the general, non-occupationally exposed population. Surprisingly, a tolerable daily intake (TDI) has apparently never been established by any food safety authority. Since hexane residues are undoubtedly found in various foods, it seems more than necessary to clearly assess the risks associated with this hidden exposure. A clear indication on food packaging and better information on the toxicity of hexane could encourage the industry to switch towards one of the numerous other alternative extraction methods already developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Cravotto
- GREEN Extraction Team, INRAE, UMR 408, Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | | | - Ombéline Claux
- GREEN Extraction Team, INRAE, UMR 408, Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Maryline Abert-Vian
- GREEN Extraction Team, INRAE, UMR 408, Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | - Silvia Tabasso
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Cravotto
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Farid Chemat
- GREEN Extraction Team, INRAE, UMR 408, Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France
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Lumsangkul C, Tso KH, Fan YK, Chiang HI, Ju JC. Mycotoxin Fumonisin B 1 Interferes Sphingolipid Metabolisms and Neural Tube Closure during Early Embryogenesis in Brown Tsaiya Ducks. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13110743. [PMID: 34822527 PMCID: PMC8619080 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13110743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is among the most common contaminants produced by Fusarium spp. fungus from corns and animal feeds. Although FB1 has been known to cause physical or functional defects of embryos in humans and several animal species such as Syrian hamsters, rabbits, and rodents, little is known about the precise toxicity to the embryos and the underlying mechanisms have not been fully addressed. The present study aimed to investigate its developmental toxicity and potential mechanisms of action on sphingolipid metabolism in Brown Tsaiya Ducks (BTDs) embryos. We examined the effect of various FB1 dosages (0, 10, 20 and 40 µg/embryo) on BTD embryogenesis 72 h post-incubation. The sphingomyelin content of duck embryos decreased (p < 0.05) in the highest FB1-treated group (40 µg). Failure of neural tube closure was observed in treated embryos and the expression levels of a neurulation-related gene, sonic hedgehog (Shh) was abnormally decreased. The sphingolipid metabolism-related genes including N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase 1 (ASAH1), and ceramide synthase 6 (CERS6) expressions were altered in the treated embryos compared to those in the control embryos. Apparently, FB1 have interfered sphingolipid metabolisms by inhibiting the functions of ceramide synthase and folate transporters. In conclusion, FB1-caused developmental retardation and abnormalities, such as neural tube defects in Brown Tsaiya Duck embryos, as well as are partly mediated by the disruption of sphingolipid metabolisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chompunut Lumsangkul
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-H.T.); (Y.-K.F.)
| | - Ko-Hua Tso
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-H.T.); (Y.-K.F.)
| | - Yang-Kwang Fan
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-H.T.); (Y.-K.F.)
| | - Hsin-I Chiang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-H.T.); (Y.-K.F.)
- Center for the Integrative and Evolutionary Galliformes Genomics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-I.C.); (J.-C.J.); Tel.: +886-4-2287-0613 (H.-I.C. & J.-C.J.); Fax: +886-4-2286-0265 (H.-I.C. & J.-C.J.)
| | - Jyh-Cherng Ju
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-H.T.); (Y.-K.F.)
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, College of Information and Electrical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-I.C.); (J.-C.J.); Tel.: +886-4-2287-0613 (H.-I.C. & J.-C.J.); Fax: +886-4-2286-0265 (H.-I.C. & J.-C.J.)
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Nie JH, Shen Y, Roshdy M, Cheng X, Wang G, Yang X. Polystyrene nanoplastics exposure caused defective neural tube morphogenesis through caveolae-mediated endocytosis and faulty apoptosis. Nanotoxicology 2021; 15:885-904. [PMID: 34087085 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1930228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence demonstrated that bioaccumulation of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in various organisms including human beings caused destructive effects on health. Nanoplastics may adversely affect fetal development potentially since they can pass through the placental barrier. However, very little has been known about the embryonic toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics, especially in embryonic neurulation, the early developmental stage of the fetus, as well as the corresponding mechanisms. In this study, we first observed that 60- or 900-nm PS-NPs (especially 60-nm PS-NPs) could cross mouse placentas and affect developing mice fetuses. To avoid the indirect adverse effects derived from the restricted placenta, we employed early chick embryos as a developmental model to evaluate direct adverse effects of PS-NPs on embryo/fetal development, revealing suppressive effects on embryo development and an increased frequency of congenital abnormalities (especially in the nervous system), including neural tube defects. Thus, we focused on the potential negative effects of PS-NPs on neurulation, the earliest stage of nervous system development. Using caveolin-1 immunofluorescent staining of SH-SY5Y cells exposed to PS-NPs-GFP, we demonstrated that PS-NPs were internalized by SH-SY5Y cells via caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Transmission electron microscopy; LC3B immunofluorescent staining; and Atg7, Atg5, p62 and LC3B western blot results revealed that autophagy was activated in SH-SY5Y cells exposed to PS-NPs. However, PS-NPs were not degraded by the autophagic-lysosomal system given the lack of LAMP1 changes and minimal PS-NPs-GFP and LAMP1 colocalization. Furthermore, the cytoplasmic accumulation of PS-NPs caused faulty apoptotic cell death in SH-SY5Y cells and the developing neural tube as revealed by c-caspase3 immunofluorescent staining. Thus, defective neural tube morphogenesis, as demonstrated by neural tube defects, occurred during embryogenesis in the context of PS-NP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Nie
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Shen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mohamed Roshdy
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development & Prenatal Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Spencer PS. Neuroprotein Targets of γ-Diketone Metabolites of Aliphatic and Aromatic Solvents That Induce Central-Peripheral Axonopathy. Toxicol Pathol 2020; 48:411-421. [PMID: 32162603 DOI: 10.1177/0192623320910960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy associated with chronic occupational and deliberate overexposure to neurotoxic organic solvents results from axonal degeneration in the central and peripheral nervous system. Human and experimental studies show that axonopathy is triggered by the action of neuroprotein-reactive γ-diketone metabolites formed from exposure to certain aliphatic solvents (n-hexane, 2-hexanone) and aromatic compounds (1,2-diethylbenzene, 1,2-4-triethylbenzene, 6-acetyl-1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-7-ethyl-1,2,3,4-tetralin). Neuroprotein susceptibility is related primarily to their differential content of lysine, the ∊-amino group of which is targeted by γ-diketones. Specific neuroprotein targets have been identified, and the sequence of molecular mechanisms leading to axonal pathology has been illuminated. While occupational n-hexane neuropathy continues to be reported, lessons learned from its experimental study may have relevance to other causes of peripheral neuropathy, including those associated with aging and diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter S Spencer
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences and Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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7
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Peng Z, Xueb G, Chen W, Xia S. Environmental inhibitors of the expression of cytochrome P450 17A1 in mammals. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 69:16-25. [PMID: 30921671 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 17A1 (CYP17A1; EC: 1.14.14.19) is a critically important bifunctional enzyme with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) as its cofactor that catalyzes the formation of all endogenous androgens. Its hydroxylase activity catalyzes the 17α-hydroxylation of pregnenolone (PREG)/progesterone (P4) to 17α-OH-pregnenolone/17α-OH-progesterone, and its 17,20-lyase activity converts 17α-OH-pregnenolone/17α-OH-progesterone to dehydroepiandrosterone/androstenedione. Androgens are required for male reproductive development, so androgen deficiency resulting from CYP17A1 inhibition may lead to reproductive disorders. There has been some advances on the study of environmental chemicals inhibiting mammalian CYP17A1 expression but no related review was available so we think it now necessary to review their characteristics and inhibiting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, The second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Guoqiang Xueb
- Second Provincial People's Hospital of Gansu, Lanzou, Gansu 730000, China.
| | - Wenci Chen
- Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 32500, China.
| | - Shenglong Xia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 32500, China.
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Wang L, Liu S, Su D, Chen F, Lei T, Chen H, Dong W, Jiang Y, Sun X, Sun W. 2,5-Hexanedione increases the percentage of proliferative Sox2+ cells in rat hippocampus. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 34:589-595. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233718772767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
n-Hexane is an organic solvent widely used in industry. 2,5-Hexanedione (2,5-HD), the major neurotoxic metabolite of n-hexane, decreases the levels of neurofilaments (NFs) in neurons. Neurogenesis occurs throughout life, and the hippocampal dentate gyrus is one of two major brain areas showing neurogenesis in adulthood. In the current study, rats were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline solution or 2,5-HD five times per week for five continuous weeks. 2,5-HD was administered to the low-dose and high-dose groups at 200 and 400 mg/kg/day, respectively. Then, immunoreactive cells were counted in the hippocampal granule cell layer (GCL) and subgranular zone (SGZ). Ki67+ cells significantly decreased in the high-dose group, while the percentage of proliferative Sox2+ cells significantly increased, consistent with high hippocampal Sox2 expression. Additionally, western blotting showed that exposure to high doses of 2,5-HD led to decreased NF-L in both the cortex and hippocampus, whereas low doses led to a significant reduction in the cortex only. In conclusion, 2,5-HD increases the percentage of proliferating neural stem and progenitor (Sox2+) cells in the SGZ/GCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Microbiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tengteng Lei
- Department of Microbiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haibo Chen
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Microbiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiance Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenchang Sun
- Department of Microbiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
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Cheng X, Li H, Yan Y, Wang G, Berman Z, Chuai M, Yang X. From the Cover: Usage of Dexamethasone Increases the Risk of Cranial Neural Crest Dysplasia in the Chick Embryo. Toxicol Sci 2017; 158:36-47. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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10
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Ukolov AI, Kessenikh ED, Radilov AS, Goncharov NV. Toxicometabolomics: Identification of markers of chronic exposure to low doses of aliphatic hydrocarbons. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093017010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Lu WH, Shi YX, Ma ZL, Wang G, Liu L, Chuai M, Song X, Münsterberg A, Cao L, Yang X. Proper autophagy is indispensable for angiogenesis during chick embryo development. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:1742-54. [PMID: 27163719 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1184803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
People have known that autophagy plays a very important role in many physiological and pathological events. But the role of autophagy on embryonic angiogenesis still remains obscure. In this study, we demonstrated that Atg7, Atg8 and Beclin1 were expressed in the plexus vessels of angiogenesis at chick yolk sac membrane and chorioallantoic membrane. Interfering in autophagy with autophagy inducer or inhibitor could restrict the angiogenesis in vivo, which might be driven by the disorder of angiogenesis-related gene expressions, and also lead to embryonic hemorrhage, which was due to imperfection cell junctions in endothelial cells including abnormal expressions of tight junction, adheren junction and desmosome genes. Using HUVECs, we revealed that cell viability and migration ability changed with the alteration of cell autophagy exposed to RAPA or 3-MA. Interestingly, tube formation assay showed that HUVECs ability of tube formation altered with the change of Atg5, Atg7 and Atg8 manipulated by the transfection of their corresponding siRNA or plasmids. Moreover, the lost cell polarity labeled by F-actin and the absenced β-catenin in RAPA-treated and 3-MA-treated cell membrane implied intracellular cytoskeleton alteration was induced by the activation and depression of autophagy. Taken together, our current experimental data reveal that autophagy is really involved in regulating angiogenesis during embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hui Lu
- a Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yu-Xun Shi
- a Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zheng-Lai Ma
- a Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Guang Wang
- a Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Langxia Liu
- b Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Manli Chuai
- c Division of Cell and Developmental Biology , University of Dundee , Dundee , UK
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- d Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology , China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Andrea Münsterberg
- e School of Biological Sciences , University of East Anglia , Norwich , UK
| | - Liu Cao
- d Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology , China Medical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- a Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
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Cheng X, Yan Y, Chen JL, Ma ZL, Yang RH, Wang G, Chuai M, Ka Ho Lee K, Yang X. Dexamethasone Exposure Accelerates Endochondral Ossification of Chick EmbryosViaAngiogenesis. Toxicol Sci 2015; 149:167-77. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Cheng X, Luo R, Wang G, Xu CJ, Feng X, Yang RH, Ding E, He YQ, Chuai M, Lee KKH, Yang X. Effects of 2,5-hexanedione on angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in chick embryos. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 51:79-89. [PMID: 25549948 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
n-Hexane is widely used in industry and its metabolite, 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD), has been implicated as a neural toxin in the developing fetus. Using the chick embryo model, we have previously revealed the neurotoxicity of 2,5-HD during development and established that high dose of 2,5-HD was embryo lethal. In view of the close linkage in biology for neurogenesis and angiogenesis, we speculated that it was most likely caused by cardiovascular dysplasia, therefore in this study, we investigated the effects of 2,5-HD on the development of the vasculature, which involves vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Using gastrulating chick embryos as a model, we demonstrated that the hemangioblasts (precursor of hematopoietic and endothelial cells) migrated to the area opaca where they form the blood islands. However, this process was impaired when the embryos were treated with 2,5-HD, suggesting that 2,5-HD is capable of impairing vasculogenesis. To study the effect of 2,5-HD exposure on angiogenesis, we used the chick yolk-sac membrane (YSM) and chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) models. We found that, at low (0.02M) concentration, 2,5-HD stimulated angiogenesis while at higher concentrations (>0.1M) it inhibited this process. This biphasic response of angiogenesis to 2,5-HD exposure was found to be associated with altered expression of the VEGF-R, FGF-2 and angiogenin. Moreover, we also determined that 2,5-HD exposure increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In conclusion, 2,5-HD could induce dysplasia in the developing vasculature, which in turn could cause extravascular hemolysis and the embryos to die.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rong Luo
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Chang-Jun Xu
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ren-Hao Yang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - E Ding
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Qing He
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Manli Chuai
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Kenneth Ka Ho Lee
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Impairment of hepatic and renal functions by 2,5-hexanedione is accompanied by oxidative stress in rats. J Toxicol 2014; 2014:239240. [PMID: 25379039 PMCID: PMC4214033 DOI: 10.1155/2014/239240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
2,5-Hexanedione (2,5-HD) is the toxic metabolite of n-hexane which is widely used as solvent in numerous industries. The present study elucidated the precise mechanism of 2,5-HD in hepatorenal toxicity by determining the involvement of oxidative stress in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1% 2,5-HD in drinking water for 21 days. Exposure to 2,5-HD caused liver and kidney atrophy evidenced by significant elevation in serum aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, and electrolytes levels compared with control. The marked dose-dependent increase in total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was accompanied with significant decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in 2,5-HD-exposed animals when compared with the control. Administration of 2,5-HD significantly diminished glutathione (GSH) level but increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) concomitantly with marked elevation in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in liver and kidney of the treated groups compared with control. These findings suggest that undue exposure to 2,5-HD at environmentally relevant levels may impair liver and kidney functions through induction of oxidative stress.
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Chen Y, Fan JX, Zhang ZL, Wang G, Cheng X, Chuai M, Lee KKH, Yang X. The negative influence of high-glucose ambience on neurogenesis in developing quail embryos. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66646. [PMID: 23818954 PMCID: PMC3688607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes is defined as glucose intolerance during pregnancy and it is presented as high blood glucose levels during the onset pregnancy. This condition has an adverse impact on fetal development but the mechanism involved is still not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of high glucose on the developing quail embryo, especially its impact on the development of the nervous system. We established that high glucose altered the central nervous system mophologically, such that neural tube defects (NTDs) developed. In addition, we found that high glucose impaired nerve differentiation at dorsal root ganglia and in the developing limb buds, as revealed by neurofilament (NF) immunofluorescent staining. The dorsal root ganglia are normally derived from neural crest cells (NCCs), so we examine the delamination of NCCs from dorsal side of the neural tube. We established that high glucose was detrimental to the NCCs, in vivo and in vitro. High glucose also negatively affected neural differentiation by reducing the number and length of neurites emanating from neurons in culture. We established that high glucose exposure caused an increase in reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation by primary cultured neurons. We hypothesized that excess ROS was the factor responsible for impairing neuron development and differentiation. We provided evidence for our hypothesis by showing that the addition of vitamin C (a powerful antioxidant) could rescue the damaging effects of high glucose on cultured neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-xia Fan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-long Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manli Chuai
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Ka Ho Lee
- Stem Cell and Regeneration Thematic Research Programme, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- * E-mail: (XY); (KKHL)
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Fetal-Preterm Labor Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XY); (KKHL)
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