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Sun C, Wang Z, Yang Y, Wang M, Jing X, Li G, Yan J, Zhao L, Nie L, Wang Y, Zhong Y, Liu Y. Characteristics, secondary transformation and odor activity evaluation of VOCs emitted from municipal solid waste incineration power plant. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116703. [PMID: 36399882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from municipal solid waste incineration power plant (MSWIPP) plays a significant role in the formation of O3 and PM2.5 and odor pollution. Field test was performed on four MSWIPPs in an area of the North China Plain. Nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and 102 VOCs were identified and quantified. Ozone formation potential (OFP), secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAFP), and odor activity of the detected VOCs were evaluated. Results showed that the average concentration of NMHCs and VOCs were 1648.6 ± 1290.4 μg/m3 and 635.3 ± 588.8 μg/m3, respectively. Aromatics (62.1%), O-VOCs (16.0%), and halo hydrocarbons (10.0%) were the main VOCs groups in the MSWIPP exhaust gas. VOCs emission factor of MSWIPP was 2.43 × 103 ± 2.27 × 103 ng/g-waste. The OFP and SOAFP of MSWIPP were 960.18 ± 2158.17 μg/m3 and 1.57 ± 3.38 μg/m3, respectively. Acrolein as the dominant VOC species was the major odor contributor with a percentage of odor contribution of 65.9%. Benzene and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene as the dominant VOC species were the main contributors of O3 formation potentials, in which 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene was also the main contributors of SOA formation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Sun
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China.
| | - Yong Yang
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Minyan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Xianglong Jing
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Guoao Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Jing Yan
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Lei Nie
- National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Yiqi Wang
- Department of Environment Systems, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha 5-1-5, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8563, Japan
| | - Yuxi Zhong
- School of Materials Science&Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Xu P, Xu X, Liu J, Hu H, Shen H, Chen C. Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the nuclear respiratory factor-2 beta subunit-encoding GABPB1 gene with the occupational environment. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:193-200. [PMID: 35343317 DOI: 10.1177/07482337221081923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
GABPB1, known as nuclear respiratory factor 2 (Nrf2), activates the mitochondrial genes that are responsible for antioxidant action and detoxification. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of GABPB1, such as rs7181866 and rs8031031, were reported to be associated with the prevention of the increasing cancer risk caused by environmental deterioration. Between March 1 and May 1, 2018, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a cohort of 300 volunteers working in adverse occupational environments were genotyped for the two SNPs in the present study. The SNP rs7181866 was found to be significantly greater in the male group than in the female group. Frequencies of SNP rs7181866 and bi-allele SNPs (rs7181866 + rs8031031) were significantly different between the <35-year-old group and the ≥35-year-old group. Further, multinomial logistic regression analysis of the occupational environments revealed the highest predictive frequency of SNPs for four environmental factors, of which chemical factors accounted for 15.33% rs7181866, physical factors accounted for 34.79% rs7181866 + rs8031031, physical + chemical factors accounted for 39.5% rs8031031, and unknown factors accounted for 26.5% rs7181866 + rs8031031. In conclusion, the G allele of rs7181866 was found to be significantly more susceptible than the rs8031031 allele under adverse occupational environmental factors, and physical factors such as noise, which appear to play vital roles in causing SNP mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Xu
- China Jiliang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine; College of Innovation, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingjie Xu
- China Jiliang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine; College of Innovation, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- China Jiliang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine; College of Innovation, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huajun Hu
- China Jiliang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine; College of Innovation, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Chun Chen
- China Jiliang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine; College of Innovation, Hangzhou, China
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Piccardo MT, Geretto M, Pulliero A, Izzotti A. Odor emissions: A public health concern for health risk perception. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112121. [PMID: 34571035 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The olfactory nuisance, due to the emissions of active molecules, is mainly associated with unproperly managed waste disposal and animal farming. Volatile compounds e.g., aromatics, organic and inorganic sulfide compounds, as well as nitrogen and halogenated compounds are the major contributor to odor pollution generated by waste management plants; the most important source of atmospheric ammonia is produced by livestock farming. Although an odorous compound may represent a nuisance rather than a health risk, long-term exposure to a mixture of volatile compounds may represent a risk for different diseases, including asthma, atopic dermatitis, and neurologic damage. Workers and communities living close to odor-producing facilities result directly exposed to irritant air pollutants through inhalation and for this reason the cumulative health risk assessment is recommended. Health effects are related to the concentration and exposure duration to the odorants, as well as to their irritant potency and/or biotransformation in hazardous metabolites. The health effects of a single chemical are well known, while the interactions between molecules with different functional groups have still to be extensively studied. Odor emissions are often due to airborne pollutants at levels below the established toxicity thresholds. The relationship between odor and toxicity does not always occurs but depends on the specific kind of pollutant involved. Indeed, some toxic agents does not induce odor nuisance while untoxic agents do. Accordingly, the relationship between toxicity and odor nuisance should be always analyzed in detail evaluating on the characteristics of the airborne mixture and the type of the source involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Piccardo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Geretto
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - A Pulliero
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - A Izzotti
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy.
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Low-Frequency Noise and Its Main Effects on Human Health—A Review of the Literature between 2016 and 2019. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10155205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This paper summarizes the presently available knowledge about the association between low-frequency noise and its effects on health. A database was constructed with a total of 142 articles published between 2016 and 2019 regarding low-frequency noise exposure and its effects on health. A total of 39 articles were analysed in depth. The articles were divided into categories according to the effects on human health addressed. Regarding the emitting source, there was a greater number of articles addressing issues related to sources of environmental noise and noise from wind turbines. As for the effects generated on human health, there was a greater number of articles referring to the effects on sleep disorders, discomfort, sensitivity to and irritability from noise, annoyance, hearing loss, and cardiovascular diseases, and these effects are analysed in more detail in the present article.
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Chalansonnet M, Carreres-Pons M, Venet T, Thomas A, Merlen L, Boucard S, Cosnier F, Nunge H, Bonfanti E, Llorens J, Campo P, Pouyatos B. Effects of co-exposure to CS 2 and noise on hearing and balance in rats: continuous versus intermittent CS 2 exposures. J Occup Med Toxicol 2020; 15:9. [PMID: 32426022 PMCID: PMC7216478 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-020-00260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carbon disulfide (CS2) exacerbates the effect of noise on hearing, and disrupts the vestibular system. The goal of this study was to determine whether these effects are also observed with intermittent CS2 exposure. Methods Rats were exposed for 4 weeks (5 days/week, 6 h/day) to a band noise at 106 dB SPL either alone or combined with continuous (63 ppm or 250 ppm) or intermittent (15 min/h or 2 × 15 min/h at 250 ppm) CS2. Hearing function was assessed by measuring distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs); balance was monitored based on the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). Functional measurements were performed before, at the end of exposure and 4 weeks later. Histological analyses of the inner ear were also performed following exposure and after the 4-week recovery period. Results The results obtained here confirmed that CS2 exposure exerts two differential temporary effects on hearing: (1) it attenuates the noise-induced DPOAE decrease below 6 kHz probably through action on the middle ear reflex when exposure lasts 15 min per hour, and (2) continuous exposure to 250 ppm for 6 h extends the frequency range affected by noise up to 9.6 kHz (instead of 6 kHz with noise alone). With regard to balance, the VOR was reversibly disrupted at the two highest doses of CS2 (2 × 15 min/h and continuous 250 ppm). No morphological alterations to the inner ear were observed. Conclusion These results reveal that short periods of CS2 exposure can alter the sensitivity of the cochlea to noise at a dose equivalent to only 10 times the short-term occupational limit value, and intermittent exposure to CS2 (2 × 15 min/h) can alter the function of the vestibular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Chalansonnet
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Maria Carreres-Pons
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France.,2Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia Spain
| | - Thomas Venet
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Aurélie Thomas
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Lise Merlen
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Stéphane Boucard
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Frédéric Cosnier
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Hervé Nunge
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Elodie Bonfanti
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Jordi Llorens
- 2Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia Spain.,3Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia Spain
| | - Pierre Campo
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France.,4DevAH EA 3450 - Développement, Adaptation et Handicap, Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité-Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Benoît Pouyatos
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
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Martins-Lopes V, Bellmunt A, Greguske EA, Maroto AF, Boadas-Vaello P, Llorens J. Quantitative Assessment of Anti-Gravity Reflexes to Evaluate Vestibular Dysfunction in Rats. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2019; 20:553-563. [PMID: 31297642 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-019-00730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The tail-lift reflex and the air-righting reflex are anti-gravity reflexes in rats that depend on vestibular function. To obtain objective and quantitative measures of performance, we recorded these reflexes with slow-motion video in two experiments. In the first experiment, vestibular dysfunction was elicited by acute exposure to 0 (control), 400, 600, or 1000 mg/kg of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN), which causes dose-dependent hair cell degeneration. In the second, rats were exposed to sub-chronic IDPN in the drinking water for 0 (control), 4, or 8 weeks; this causes reversible or irreversible loss of vestibular function depending on exposure time. In the tail-lift test, we obtained the minimum angle defined during the lift and descent maneuver by the nose, the back of the neck, and the base of the tail. In the air-righting test, we obtained the time to right the head. We also obtained vestibular dysfunction ratings (VDRs) using a previously validated behavioral test battery. Each measure, VDR, tail-lift angle, and air-righting time demonstrated dose-dependent loss of vestibular function after acute IDPN and time-dependent loss of vestibular function after sub-chronic IDPN. All measures showed high correlations between each other, and maximal correlation coefficients were found between VDRs and tail-lift angles. In scanning electron microscopy evaluation of the vestibular sensory epithelia, the utricle and the saccule showed diverse pathological outcomes, suggesting that they have a different role in these reflexes. We conclude that these anti-gravity reflexes provide useful objective and quantitative measures of vestibular function in rats that are open to further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Martins-Lopes
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Institut de Neurociènces, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Anna Bellmunt
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Institut de Neurociènces, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Erin A Greguske
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Institut de Neurociènces, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Alberto F Maroto
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Institut de Neurociènces, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Pere Boadas-Vaello
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Departament de Ciències Mèdiques, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Girona, 17003, Girona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Jordi Llorens
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Institut de Neurociènces, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain. .,Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalunya, Spain.
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