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Niu Y, Pan Y, Wang Y, Fu Y, Zhao Z, Kang L. Lead specifically declines tyrosine hydroxylase activity to induce the onset of Parkinson's disease through disrupting dopamine biosynthesis in fly models. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124383. [PMID: 38897282 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the fastest-growing neurodegenerative diseases and has been linked to the exposure to numerous environmental neurotoxins. Although lead (Pb) exposure has been related to the development of PD, the molecular target of Pb to cause the onset of PD is insufficiently investigated. Herein, we explored the effects of Pb exposure on behavior, pathophysiology, and gene expression of wild-type (WT) fly (Drosophila melanogaster) by comparison with its PD model. After exposure to Pb, the WT flies showed PD-like locomotor impairments and selective loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons, displaying similar phenotypes to fly PD model (PINK1). Transcriptomic analysis showed the similarity in gene expression profiles between Pb treatment WT flies and PINK1 mutant flies. Moreover, Pb exposure resulted in endogenous dopamine deficits in WT flies. Analyses of gene expression and enzyme activity confirmed that Pb exposure reduced tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity and led to failure of dopamine synthesis. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulation confirmed that Pb was adsorbed by TH and subsequently inhibited the enzymatic activity. Exogenous injection of L-dopa and melatonin could partially rescue the pathological phenotypes of Pb-exposed flies and PD fly model. Antagonist injection of microRNA-133, which negatively regulated the expression of TH gene, ultimately rescued in the manifestation of PD phenotypes in flies. Involvement of TH overexpression mutants of fly strongly promoted the resistance to Pb exposure and rescued both behavior and the number of DAergic neurons. Therefore, our study elucidates the Pb molecular target in dopamine pathway and mechanism underlying the risks of Pb exposure on the occurrence of PD at environmentally-relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Niu
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 30023, China
| | - Yifan Pan
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 30023, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 30023, China
| | - Yongqi Fu
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 30023, China
| | - Zhangwu Zhao
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 30023, China
| | - Le Kang
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 30023, China; State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Carretero VJ, Liccardi N, Tejedor MA, de Pascual R, Campano JH, Hernández-Guijo JM. Lead exerts a depression of neurotransmitter release through a blockade of voltage dependent calcium channels in chromaffin cells. Toxicology 2024; 505:153809. [PMID: 38648961 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The present work, using chromaffin cells of bovine adrenal medullae (BCCs), aims to describe what type of ionic current alterations induced by lead (Pb2+) underlies its effects reported on synaptic transmission. We observed that the acute application of Pb2+ lead to a drastic depression of neurotransmitters release in a concentration-dependent manner when the cells were stimulated with both K+ or acetylcholine, with an IC50 of 119,57 μM and of 5,19 μM, respectively. This effect was fully recovered after washout. Pb2+ also blocked calcium channels of BCCs in a time- and concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 of 6,87 μM. This blockade was partially reversed upon washout. This compound inhibited the calcium current at all test potentials and shows a shift of the I-V curve to more negative values of about 8 mV. The sodium current was not blocked by acute application of high Pb2+ concentrations. Voltage-dependent potassium current was also shortly affected by high Pb2+. Nevertheless, the calcium- and voltage-dependent potassium current was drastically depressed in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 24,49 μM. This blockade was related to the prevention of Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent calcium channels coupled to Ca2+-activated K+-channels (BK) instead a direct linking to these channels. Under current-clamp conditions, BCCs exhibit a resting potential of -52.7 mV, firing spontaneous APs (1-2 spikes/s) generated by the opening of Na+ and Ca2+-channels, and terminated by the activation of K+ channels. In spite of the effect on ionic channels exerted by Pb2+, we found that Pb2+ didn't alter cellular excitability, no modification of the membrane potential, and no effect on action potential firing. Taken together, these results point to a neurotoxic action evoked by Pb2+ that is associated with changes in neurotransmitter release by blocking the ionic currents responsible for the calcium influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Jiménez Carretero
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Facultad de Medicina, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ninfa Liccardi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Facultad de Medicina, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Maria Arribas Tejedor
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Facultad de Medicina, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ricardo de Pascual
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Facultad de Medicina, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Jorge Hernández Campano
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Facultad de Medicina, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Jesús M Hernández-Guijo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, Facultad de Medicina, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid 28029, Spain; Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research, IRYCIS, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 9,100, Madrid 28029, Spain.
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Liu H, Tan X, Wu Y, Li X, Hu Z, Lei S, Fan W, Wang Z. Long-term exposure to 6-PPD quinone at environmentally relevant concentrations causes neurotoxicity by affecting dopaminergic, serotonergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic neuronal systems in Caenorhabditis elegans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171291. [PMID: 38423311 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ), an emerging environmental pollutant, is converted based on 6-PPD via ozonation. However, a systematic evaluation on possible neurotoxicity of long-term and low-dose 6-PPDQ exposure and the underlying mechanism remain unknown. In the present work, 0.1-10 μg/L 6-PPDQ was added to treat Caenorhabditis elegans for 4.5 days, with locomotion behavior, neuronal development, sensory perception behavior, neurotransmitter content, and levels of neurotransmission-related genes being the endpoints. 6-PPDQ exposure at 0.1-10 μg/L significantly reduced locomotion behavior, and that at 1-10 μg/L decreased sensory perception behavior in nematodes. Moreover, 6-PPDQ exposure at 10 μg/L notably induced damage to the development of dopaminergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic, and GABAergic neurons. Importantly, nematodes with chronic 6-PPDQ exposure at 10 μg/L were confirmed to suffer obviously decreased dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, dopamine, and GABA contents and altered neurotransmission-related gene expression. Meanwhile, the potential binding sites of 6-PPDQ and neurotransmitter synthesis-related proteins were further shown by molecular docking method. Lastly, Pearson's correlation analysis showed that locomotion behavior and sensory perception behavior were positively correlated with the dopaminergic, serotonergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic neurotransmission. Consequently, 6-PPDQ exposure disturbed neurotransmitter transmission, while such changed molecular foundation for neurotransmitter transmission was related to 6-PPDQ toxicity induction. The present work sheds new lights on the mechanisms of 6-PPDQ and its possible neurotoxicity to organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanliang Liu
- Environment and Health research division, Public Health Research Center,Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaochao Tan
- Environment and Health research division, Public Health Research Center,Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Environment and Health research division, Public Health Research Center,Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Shuhan Lei
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wendong Fan
- Environment and Health research division, Public Health Research Center,Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Clark AS, Kalmanson Z, Morton K, Hartman J, Meyer J, San-Miguel A. An unbiased, automated platform for scoring dopaminergic neurodegeneration in C. elegans. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281797. [PMID: 37418455 PMCID: PMC10328331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has served as a simple model organism to study dopaminergic neurodegeneration, as it enables quantitative analysis of cellular and sub-cellular morphologies in live animals. These isogenic nematodes have a rapid life cycle and transparent body, making high-throughput imaging and evaluation of fluorescently tagged neurons possible. However, the current state-of-the-art method for quantifying dopaminergic degeneration requires researchers to manually examine images and score dendrites into groups of varying levels of neurodegeneration severity, which is time consuming, subject to bias, and limited in data sensitivity. We aim to overcome the pitfalls of manual neuron scoring by developing an automated, unbiased image processing algorithm to quantify dopaminergic neurodegeneration in C. elegans. The algorithm can be used on images acquired with different microscopy setups and only requires two inputs: a maximum projection image of the four cephalic neurons in the C. elegans head and the pixel size of the user's camera. We validate the platform by detecting and quantifying neurodegeneration in nematodes exposed to rotenone, cold shock, and 6-hydroxydopamine using 63x epifluorescence, 63x confocal, and 40x epifluorescence microscopy, respectively. Analysis of tubby mutant worms with altered fat storage showed that, contrary to our hypothesis, increased adiposity did not sensitize to stressor-induced neurodegeneration. We further verify the accuracy of the algorithm by comparing code-generated, categorical degeneration results with manually scored dendrites of the same experiments. The platform, which detects 20 different metrics of neurodegeneration, can provide comparative insight into how each exposure affects dopaminergic neurodegeneration patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. Clark
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Zachary Kalmanson
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Katherine Morton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jessica Hartman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Joel Meyer
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Adriana San-Miguel
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
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Clark AS, Kalmanson Z, Morton K, Hartman J, Meyer J, San-Miguel A. An unbiased, automated platform for scoring dopaminergic neurodegeneration in C. elegans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.02.526781. [PMID: 36778421 PMCID: PMC9915681 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.02.526781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans ) has served as a simple model organism to study dopaminergic neurodegeneration, as it enables quantitative analysis of cellular and sub-cellular morphologies in live animals. These isogenic nematodes have a rapid life cycle and transparent body, making high-throughput imaging and evaluation of fluorescently tagged neurons possible. However, the current state-of-the-art method for quantifying dopaminergic degeneration requires researchers to manually examine images and score dendrites into groups of varying levels of neurodegeneration severity, which is time consuming, subject to bias, and limited in data sensitivity. We aim to overcome the pitfalls of manual neuron scoring by developing an automated, unbiased image processing algorithm to quantify dopaminergic neurodegeneration in C. elegans . The algorithm can be used on images acquired with different microscopy setups and only requires two inputs: a maximum projection image of the four cephalic neurons in the C. elegans head and the pixel size of the user’s camera. We validate the platform by detecting and quantifying neurodegeneration in nematodes exposed to rotenone, cold shock, and 6-hydroxydopamine using 63x epifluorescence, 63x confocal, and 40x epifluorescence microscopy, respectively. Analysis of tubby mutant worms with altered fat storage showed that, contrary to our hypothesis, increased adiposity did not sensitize to stressor-induced neurodegeneration. We further verify the accuracy of the algorithm by comparing code-generated, categorical degeneration results with manually scored dendrites of the same experiments. The platform, which detects 19 different metrics of neurodegeneration, can provide comparative insight into how each exposure affects dopaminergic neurodegeneration patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Clark
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zachary Kalmanson
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Katherine Morton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jessica Hartman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Joel Meyer
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Adriana San-Miguel
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Albrecht PA, Fernandez-Hubeid LE, Deza-Ponzio R, Virgolini MB. The intertwining between lead and ethanol in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:991787. [PMID: 36204698 PMCID: PMC9531147 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.991787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a model organism widely used to evaluate the mechanistic aspects of toxicants with the potential to predict responses comparable to those of mammals. We report here the consequences of developmental lead (Pb) exposure on behavioral responses to ethanol (EtOH) in C. elegans. In addition, we present data on morphological alterations in the dopamine (DA) synapse and DA-dependent behaviors aimed to dissect the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the relationship between these neurotoxicants. Finally, the escalation to superior animals that parallels the observed effects in both experimental models with references to EtOH metabolism and oxidative stress is also discussed. Overall, the literature revised here underpins the usefulness of C. elegans to evidence behavioral responses to a combination of neurotoxicants in mechanistic-orientated studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Albrecht
- Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orsingher, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IFEC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - L E Fernandez-Hubeid
- Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orsingher, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IFEC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - R Deza-Ponzio
- Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orsingher, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IFEC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M B Virgolini
- Departamento de Farmacología Otto Orsingher, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Farmacología Experimental de Córdoba-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IFEC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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