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Domi T, Schito P, Sferruzza G, Russo T, Pozzi L, Agosta F, Carrera P, Riva N, Filippi M, Quattrini A, Falzone YM. Unveiling the SOD1-mediated ALS phenotype: insights from a comprehensive meta-analysis. J Neurol 2024; 271:1342-1354. [PMID: 37930481 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis associated with mutations in SOD1 (SOD1-ALS) might be susceptible to specific treatment. The aim of the study is to outline the clinical features of SOD1-ALS patients by comparing them to patients without ALS major gene variants and patients with variants in other major ALS genes. Defining SOD1-ALS phenotype may assist clinicians in identifying patients who should be prioritized for genetic testing. METHODS We performed an extensive literature research including original studies which reported the clinical features of SOD1-ALS and at least one of the following patient groups: C9ORF72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion (C9-ALS), TARDBP (TARDBP-ALS), FUS (FUS-ALS) or patients without a positive test for a major-ALS gene (N-ALS). A random effects meta-analytic model was applied to clinical data extracted encompassing sex, site and age of onset. To reconstruct individual patient survival data, the published Kaplan-Meier curves were digitized. Data were measured as odds ratio (OR) or standardized mean difference (SMD) as appropriate. Median survival was compared between groups. RESULTS Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. We identified 721 SOD1-ALS, 470 C9-ALS, 183 TARDBP-ALS, 113 FUS-ALS and 2824 N-ALS. SOD1-ALS showed a higher rate of spinal onset compared with N-ALS and C9-ALS (OR = 4.85, 95% CI = 3.04-7.76; OR = 10.47, 95% CI = 4.32-27.87) and an earlier onset compared with N-ALS (SMD = - 0.45, 95% CI = - 0.72 to - 0.18). SOD1-ALS had a similar survival compared with N-ALS (p = 0.14), a longer survival compared with C9-ALS (p < 0.01) and FUS-ALS (p = 0.019) and a shorter survival compared with TARDBP-ALS (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION This study indicates the presence of a specific SOD1-ALS phenotype. Insights in SOD1-ALS clinical features are important in genetic counseling, disease prognosis and support patients' stratification in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teuta Domi
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paride Schito
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Sferruzza
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Russo
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Pozzi
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Agosta
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Carrera
- Unit of Genomics for Human Disease Diagnosis, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nilo Riva
- 3rd Neurology Unit and Motor Neuron Disease Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Filippi
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Angelo Quattrini
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Yuri Matteo Falzone
- Experimental Neuropathology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
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Ivantsik O, John A, Kydonopoulou K, Mitropoulos K, Gerou S, Ali BR, Patrinos GP. Novel Pathogenic Variants Leading to Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Greek Patients. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:309. [PMID: 38540370 PMCID: PMC10970271 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive disease that affects motor neurons, leading to paralysis and death usually 3-5 years after the onset of symptoms. The investigation of both sporadic and familial ALS highlighted four main genes that contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease: SOD1, FUS, TARDBP and C9orf72. This study aims to provide a comprehensive investigation of genetic variants found in SOD1, FUS and TARDBP genes in Greek sporadic ALS (sALS) cases. Our sequencing analysis of the coding regions of the abovementioned genes that include the majority of the variants that lead to ALS in 32 sALS patients and 3 healthy relatives revealed 6 variants in SOD1, 19 variants in FUS and 37 variants in TARDBP, of which the SOD1 p.D90A and the FUS c.*356G>A (rs886051940) variants have been previously associated with ALS, while two novel nonsense pathogenic variants were also identified, namely FUS p.R241* and TDP-43 p.Y214*. Our study contributes to the worldwide effort toward clarifying the genetic basis of sALS to better understand the disease's molecular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouliana Ivantsik
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, Division of Pharmacology and Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece
| | - Anne John
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Konstantinos Mitropoulos
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Gerou
- ANALYSI Biomedical Laboratories S.A., 54623 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Bassam R Ali
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Abu Dhabi Precision Medicine Ρesearch Institute, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - George P Patrinos
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, Division of Pharmacology and Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Abu Dhabi Precision Medicine Ρesearch Institute, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Clinical Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Martinelli I, Ghezzi A, Zucchi E, Gianferrari G, Ferri L, Moglia C, Manera U, Solero L, Vasta R, Canosa A, Grassano M, Brunetti M, Mazzini L, De Marchi F, Simonini C, Fini N, Vinceti M, Pinti M, Chiò A, Calvo A, Mandrioli J. Predictors for progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis associated to SOD1 mutation: insight from two population-based registries. J Neurol 2023; 270:6081-6092. [PMID: 37668704 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11963-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uncovering distinct features and trajectories of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) associated with SOD1 mutations (SOD1-ALS) can provide valuable insights for patient' counseling and stratification for trials, and interventions timing. Our study aims to pinpoint distinct clinical characteristics of SOD1-ALS by delving into genotype-phenotype correlations and factors that potentially impact disease progression. METHODS This is a retrospective observational study of a SOD1-ALS cohort from two Italian registers situated in the regions of Emilia-Romagna, Piedmont and Valle d'Aosta. RESULTS Out of 2204 genotyped ALS patients, 2.5% carried SOD1 mutations, with a M:F ratio of 0.83. SOD1-ALS patients were younger, and more frequently reported a family history of ALS and/or FTD. SOD1-ALS had a longer survival compared to patients without ALS-associated gene mutations. However, here was considerable variability in survival across distinct SOD1 mutations, with an average survival of less than a year for the L39V, G42S, G73S, D91N mutations. Among SOD1-ALS, multivariate analysis showed that, alongside established clinical prognostic factors such as advanced age at onset and high progression rate at diagnosis, mutations located in exon 2 or within highly conserved gene positions predicted worse survival. Conversely, among comorbidities, cancer history was independently associated with longer survival. INTERPRETATION Within the context of an overall slower disease, SOD1-ALS exhibits some degree of heterogeneity linked to the considerable genetic diversity arising from the multitude of potential mutations sites and specific clinical prognostic factors, including cancer history. Revealing the factors that modulate the phenotypic heterogeneity of SOD1-ALS could prove advantageous in improving the efficacy of upcoming therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Martinelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Viale Pietro Giardini, 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Ph.D. Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Ghezzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Zucchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Viale Pietro Giardini, 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy.
- Neuroscience PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Giulia Gianferrari
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Viale Pietro Giardini, 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Ferri
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Viale Pietro Giardini, 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy
- Neuroscience PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cristina Moglia
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Umberto Manera
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Solero
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosario Vasta
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Canosa
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- SC Neurologia 1U, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Grassano
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- SC Neurologia 1U, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Maura Brunetti
- SC Neurologia 1U, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Letizia Mazzini
- Neurology Unit, ALS Center, AOU Maggiore della Carità and University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Fabiola De Marchi
- Neurology Unit, ALS Center, AOU Maggiore della Carità and University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Cecilia Simonini
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Viale Pietro Giardini, 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy
| | - Nicola Fini
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Viale Pietro Giardini, 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Science of Public Health, Research Centre in Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- SC Neurologia 1U, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Calvo
- Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", ALS Centre, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
- SC Neurologia 1U, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Viale Pietro Giardini, 1355, 41126, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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4
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Martinelli I, Zucchi E, Simonini C, Gianferrari G, Zamboni G, Pinti M, Mandrioli J. The landscape of cognitive impairment in superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1427-1433. [PMID: 36571338 PMCID: PMC10075107 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.361535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mutations in the superoxide dismutase 1 gene account for only a minority of total amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases, the discovery of this gene has been crucial for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis research. Since the identification of superoxide dismutase 1 in 1993, the field of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis genetics has considerably widened, improving our understanding of the diverse pathogenic basis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this review, we focus on cognitive impairment in superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. Literature has mostly reported that cognition remains intact in superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients, but recent reports highlight frontal lobe function frailty in patients carrying different superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mutations. We thoroughly reviewed all the various mutations reported in the literature to contribute to a comprehensive database of superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis genotype-phenotype correlation. Such a resource could ultimately improve our mechanistic understanding of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, enabling a more robust assessment of how the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotype responds to different variants across genes, which is important for the therapeutic strategy targeting genetic mutations. Cognition in superoxide dismutase 1-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis deserves further longitudinal research since this peculiar frailty in patients with similar mutations can be conditioned by external factors, including environment and other unidentified agents including modifier genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Martinelli
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Zucchi
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Simonini
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Gianferrari
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zamboni
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Neurosciences, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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5
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Boostani R, Olfati N, Shamshiri H, Salimi Z, Fatehi F, Hedjazi SA, Fakharian A, Ghasemi M, Okhovat AA, Basiri K, Haghi Ashtiani B, Ansari B, Raissi GR, Khatoonabadi SA, Sarraf P, Movahed S, Panahi A, Ziaadini B, Yazdchi M, Bakhtiyari J, Nafissi S. Iranian clinical practice guideline for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1154579. [PMID: 37333000 PMCID: PMC10272856 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1154579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressive neurodegeneration involving motor neurons. The 3-5 years that patients have to live is marked by day-to-day loss of motor and sometimes cognitive abilities. Enormous amounts of healthcare services and resources are necessary to support patients and their caregivers during this relatively short but burdensome journey. Organization and management of these resources need to best meet patients' expectations and health system efficiency mandates. This can only occur in the setting of multidisciplinary ALS clinics which are known as the gold standard of ALS care worldwide. To introduce this standard to the care of Iranian ALS patients, which is an inevitable quality milestone, a national ALS clinical practice guideline is the necessary first step. The National ALS guideline will serve as the knowledge base for the development of local clinical pathways to guide patient journeys in multidisciplinary ALS clinics. To this end, we gathered a team of national neuromuscular experts as well as experts in related specialties necessary for delivering multidisciplinary care to ALS patients to develop the Iranian ALS clinical practice guideline. Clinical questions were prepared in the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) format to serve as a guide for the literature search. Considering the lack of adequate national/local studies at this time, a consensus-based approach was taken to evaluate the quality of the retrieved evidence and summarize recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Boostani
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nahid Olfati
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hosein Shamshiri
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zanireh Salimi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzad Fatehi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Arya Hedjazi
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Fakharian
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation Research Center (PRRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Ghasemi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Okhovat
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keivan Basiri
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahram Haghi Ashtiani
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Ansari
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- AL Zahra Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Raissi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuromusculoskeletal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Payam Sarraf
- Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Movahed
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Akram Panahi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bentolhoda Ziaadini
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yazdchi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Bakhtiyari
- Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahriar Nafissi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Li H, Yuan L, Yang H, Guo Y, Zheng W, Fan K, Deng S, Gong L, Xu H, Yang Z, Cheng J, Kang M, Deng H. Analysis of SOD1 Variants in Chinese Patients with Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. QJM 2023; 116:365-374. [PMID: 36661322 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease, and genetic contributors exert a significant role in the complicated pathogenesis. Identification of the genetic causes in ALS families could be valuable for early diagnosis and management. The development of potential drugs for patients with genetic defects will shed new light on ALS therapy. AIM To identify causative variants in three Chinese families with familial ALS (FALS), reveal the pathogenic mechanism, and look for the targeted drug for ALS. DESIGN AND METHODS Whole-exome sequencing and bioinformatics were used to perform genetic analysis of the ALS families. Functional analysis was performed to study the variants' function and search for potential drug targets. RESULTS Three heterozygous missense variants of the SOD1 gene were identified in families with FALS. The clinical manifestations of these patients include spinal onset, predominant lower motor neurons presentation, and absence of cognitive involvement. Functional analysis showed that all three SOD1 variants led to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, reduced cell viability, and formation of cytoplasmic aggregates. Remarkably, the decreased cell viability induced by variants was rescued after treatment with the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine. CONCLUSIONS This study identified three SOD1 variants in three families with FALS. The variant SOD1 toxicity was associated with oxidative damage and aggregation, and N-acetylcysteine could rescue the decreased cell viability induced by these variants. Our findings support a pathogenic role for ROS in SOD1 deficiencies, and provide a potential drug N-acetylcysteine for ALS therapy, especially in SOD1-patients with limb onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Li
- Health Management Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - L Yuan
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Disease Genome Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H Yang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Kaili, China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Medical Information, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - W Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - K Fan
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - S Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - L Gong
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H Xu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Z Yang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - J Cheng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - M Kang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - H Deng
- Health Management Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Center for Experimental Medicine, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Disease Genome Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
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7
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Zapalska E, Wrzesień D, Stępień A. Case report: Flail leg syndrome in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with L144S SOD1 mutation. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1138668. [PMID: 37034065 PMCID: PMC10073428 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1138668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We observed a Polish family with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with heterozygous L144S SOD1 mutation, which manifested clinically as flail leg syndrome. Flail leg syndrome is a rare phenotype of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, with slow progression, long survival, and predominance of lower motor neuron signs at onset, as a triad of distal paresis, muscle atrophy, and hyporeflexia/areflexia, confined to the lower limbs for an extended period of time. Although familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is usually associated with a worse prognosis than the sporadic form of the disease, the clinical course of the disease in patients with L144S SOD1 mutation is benign, with slow progression and long survival. This unique case report provides an in-depth clinical analysis of all of the symptomatic members of a family, who were diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in our clinic, including three siblings (two brothers and a deceased sister) with flail leg syndrome and their fraternal aunt, who has been previously misdiagnosed with cervical myelopathy and is living with symptoms of the disease for 15 years. Sanger sequencing of the SOD1 gene was performed in all of the living patients, revealing an L144S (c.434T>C, p.Leu145Ser) heterozygous mutation. The aim of this case report is to increase the physician's awareness of the atypical phenotypes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hopefully, to encourage further research on the factors responsible for delayed disease progression in patients with L144S SOD1 mutation.
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8
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Khani M, Nafissi S, Shamshiri H, Moazzeni H, Taheri H, Elahi E. Identification of RNF13 as cause of recessively inherited ALS in a multi-case pedigree. J Med Genet 2022; 60:jmedgenet-2022-108645. [PMID: 35879052 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease. The approximately 50 known ALS-associated genes do not fully explain its heritability, which suggests the existence of yet unidentified causative genes. We report results of studies aimed at identification of the genetic cause of ALS in a pedigree (three patients) without mutations in the common ALS-causative genes. METHODS Clinical investigations included thorough neurological and non-neurological examinations and testings. Genetic analysis was performed by exome sequencing. Functional studies included identification of altered splicing by PCR and sequencing, and mutated proteins by western blot analysis. Apoptosis in the presence and absence of tunicamycin was assessed in transfected HEK293T cells using an Annexin-PE-7AAD kit in conjunction with flow cytometry. RESULTS Clinical features are described in detail. Disease progression in the patients of the pedigree was relatively slow and survival was relatively long. An RNF13 mutation was identified as the cause of the recessively inherited ALS in the pedigree. The gene is highly conserved, and its encoded protein (RING finger protein 13) can potentially affect various neurodegenerative-relevant functions, including protein homeostasis. The RNF13 splice site mutation caused expression of two mis-spliced forms of RNF13 mRNA and an aberrant RNF13 protein, and affected apoptosis. CONCLUSION RNF13 was identified as a novel causative gene of recessively inherited ALS. The gene affects protein homeostasis, which is one of most important components of the pathology of neurodegeneration. The contribution of RNF13 to the aetiology of another neurodegenerative disease is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Khani
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shahriar Nafissi
- Department of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hosein Shamshiri
- Department of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hamidreza Moazzeni
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hanieh Taheri
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elahe Elahi
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, The Islamic Republic of Iran
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9
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Berdyński M, Miszta P, Safranow K, Andersen PM, Morita M, Filipek S, Żekanowski C, Kuźma-Kozakiewicz M. SOD1 mutations associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis analysis of variant severity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:103. [PMID: 34996976 PMCID: PMC8742055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03891-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 gene (SOD1) are linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disorder predominantly affecting upper and lower motor neurons. The clinical phenotype of ALS shows inter- and intrafamilial heterogeneity. The aim of the study was to analyze the relations between individual SOD1 mutations and the clinical presentation using in silico methods to assess the SOD1 mutations severity. We identified SOD1 causative variants in a group of 915 prospectively tested consecutive Polish ALS patients from a neuromuscular clinical center, performed molecular modeling of mutated SOD1 proteins and in silico analysis of mutation impact on clinical phenotype and survival analysis of associations between mutations and hazard of clinical end-points. Fifteen SOD1 mutations were identified in 21.1% familial and 2.3% sporadic ALS cases. Their effects on SOD1 protein structure and functioning inferred from molecular modeling and in silico analyses correlate well with the clinical data. Molecular modeling results support the hypothesis that folding intermediates rather than mature SOD1 protein give rise to the source of cytotoxic conformations in ALS. Significant associations between type of mutation and clinical end-points were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Berdyński
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. .,Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Przemysław Miszta
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 72 Powstańców Wlkp. Str., 70-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mitsuya Morita
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Sławomir Filipek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cezary Żekanowski
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kuźma-Kozakiewicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. .,Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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10
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Mesaros M, Lenz S, Lim W, Brown J, Drury L, Roggenbuck J. Investigating the Genetic Profile of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Frontotemporal Dementia (ALS-FTD) Continuum in Patients of Diverse Race, Ethnicity and Ancestry. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010076. [PMID: 35052416 PMCID: PMC8775163 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Preliminary evidence suggests that commonly used genetic tests may be less likely to identify a genetic etiology for ALS-FTD in patients of underrepresented race, ethnicity, and ancestry (REA), as compared to European REA. Patients of underrepresented REA may therefore be less likely to receive accurate and specific genetic counseling information and less likely to have access to gene-targeted therapies currently in clinical trials. We compiled outcome data from 1911 ALS-FTD patients tested at a commercial laboratory over a seven-year period for C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) alone or C9orf72 and multigene sequencing panel testing. We compared the incidence of pathogenic (P), likely pathogenic (LP), and uncertain variants in C9orf72 and other ALS-FTD genes, as well as age at testing, in patients of different REA. The diagnostic rate in patients of European REA (377/1595, 23.64%) was significantly higher than in patients of underrepresented REA (44/316, 13.92%) (p < 0.001). Patients of European REA were more likely to have the C9orf72 HRE (21.3%) than patients of underrepresented REA (10.4%) (p < 0.001). The overall distribution of positive test outcomes in all tested genes was significantly different between the two groups, with relatively more P and LP variants in genes other than C9orf72 identified in patients of underrepresented REA. The incidence of uncertain test outcomes was not significantly different between patients of European and underrepresented REA. Patients with positive test outcomes were more likely to be younger than those with negative or uncertain outcomes. Although C9orf72 HRE assay has been advocated as the first, and in some cases, only genetic test offered to patients with ALS-FTD in the clinical setting, this practice may result in the reduced ascertainment of genetic ALS-FTD in patients of diverse REA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysen Mesaros
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43212, USA; (J.B.); (J.R.)
- Division of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Steven Lenz
- PreventionGenetics, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA; (S.L.); (L.D.)
| | - Woobeen Lim
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Jordan Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43212, USA; (J.B.); (J.R.)
| | - Luke Drury
- PreventionGenetics, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA; (S.L.); (L.D.)
| | - Jennifer Roggenbuck
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43212, USA; (J.B.); (J.R.)
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11
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Gagliardi D, Ahmadinejad M, Del Bo R, Meneri M, Comi GP, Corti S, Ronchi D. Homozygous SOD1 Variation L144S Produces a Severe Form of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in an Iranian Family. Neurol Genet 2021; 8:e645. [PMID: 34926808 PMCID: PMC8678909 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by degeneration of motor neurons determining progressive muscular atrophy, weakness, and death from respiratory failure. Methods Here, we report clinical and molecular findings of a novel Iranian family affected with a severe form of early-onset familial ALS. Results Three siblings born to consanguineous parents developed a form of ALS characterized by early-onset lower limb involvement and a fast progression, proving fatal at age 16 years for 1 of them. Molecular analysis of the SOD1 gene revealed the homozygous substitution c.434T>C in exon 5 resulting in the amino acid change p.Leu144Ser (L144S), previously reported as a dominant variant. Both parents were heterozygous carriers. The probands' mother recently developed a late-onset ALS with predominant upper motor neuron involvement. Discussion This report adds p.L144S to the short list of homozygous SOD1 variants and suggests that the development of an earlier-onset and/or faster disease progression can occur when 2 mutated alleles are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Gagliardi
- Neuroscience Section, Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT) (D.G., R.D.B., G.P.C.,S.C., D.R.), University of Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit (D.G., M.M., S.C., D.R.), Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Blood Transfusion Research Center (M.A.), High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience (G.P.C.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Minoo Ahmadinejad
- Neuroscience Section, Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT) (D.G., R.D.B., G.P.C.,S.C., D.R.), University of Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit (D.G., M.M., S.C., D.R.), Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Blood Transfusion Research Center (M.A.), High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience (G.P.C.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Del Bo
- Neuroscience Section, Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT) (D.G., R.D.B., G.P.C.,S.C., D.R.), University of Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit (D.G., M.M., S.C., D.R.), Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Blood Transfusion Research Center (M.A.), High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience (G.P.C.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Megi Meneri
- Neuroscience Section, Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT) (D.G., R.D.B., G.P.C.,S.C., D.R.), University of Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit (D.G., M.M., S.C., D.R.), Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Blood Transfusion Research Center (M.A.), High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience (G.P.C.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Neuroscience Section, Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT) (D.G., R.D.B., G.P.C.,S.C., D.R.), University of Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit (D.G., M.M., S.C., D.R.), Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Blood Transfusion Research Center (M.A.), High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience (G.P.C.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Neuroscience Section, Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT) (D.G., R.D.B., G.P.C.,S.C., D.R.), University of Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit (D.G., M.M., S.C., D.R.), Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Blood Transfusion Research Center (M.A.), High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience (G.P.C.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Ronchi
- Neuroscience Section, Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT) (D.G., R.D.B., G.P.C.,S.C., D.R.), University of Milan, Italy; Neurology Unit (D.G., M.M., S.C., D.R.), Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Blood Transfusion Research Center (M.A.), High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Department of Neuroscience (G.P.C.), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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12
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Anticipation Can Be More Common in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia with SPAST Mutations Than It Appears. Can J Neurol Sci 2021; 49:651-661. [PMID: 34353391 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2021.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder with lower-limb spasticity and weakness. Different patterns of inheritance have been identified in HSP. Most autosomal-dominant HSPs (AD-HSPs) are associated with mutations of the SPAST gene (SPG4), leading to a pure form of HSP with variable age-at-onset (AAO). Anticipation, an earlier onset of disease, as well as aggravation of symptoms in successive generations, may be correlated to SPG4. Herein, we suggested that anticipation might be a relatively common finding in SPG4 families. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing was done on DNA of 14 unrelated Iranian AD-HSP probands. Data were analyzed, and candidate variants were PCR-amplified and sequenced by the Sanger method, subsequently checked in family members to co-segregation analysis. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was done for seven probands. Clinical features of the probands were recorded, and the probable anticipation was checked in these families. Other previous reported SPG4 families were investigated to anticipation. RESULTS Our findings showed that SPG4 was the common subtype of HSP; three families carried variants in the KIF5A, ATL1, and MFN2 genes, while five families harbored mutations in the SPAST gene. Clinical features of only SPG4 families indicated decreasing AAO in affected individuals of the successive generations, and this difference was significant (p-value <0.05). CONCLUSION It seems SPAST will be the first candidate gene in families that manifests a pure form of AD-HSP and anticipation. Therefore, it may be a powerful situation of genotype-phenotype correlation. However, the underlying mechanism of anticipation in these families is not clear yet.
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13
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Kuźma-Kozakiewicz M, Andersen PM, Elahi E, Alavi A, Sapp PC, Morita M, Żekanowski C, Berdyński M. Putative founder effect in the Polish, Iranian and United States populations for the L144S SOD1 mutation associated with slowly uniform phenotype of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2020; 22:80-85. [PMID: 32777948 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2020.1803359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in SOD1 cause approximately 12-25% of familial ALS and ≈2% of apparently sporadic ALS cases. Clinical phenotypes linked to SOD1 mutations are heterogeneous and intra-familial variability of the clinical phenotype is frequently observed. SOD1 L144S mutation, identified also in Brazil, Iran and United States, is the second most frequent mutation among ALS patients in Poland. So far, 10 FALS pedigrees with SOD1 L144S mutation have been reported worldwide. The aim of the study was to establish the origin of SOD1 L144S mutation in geographically distinct populations. The clinical presentation of the Polish patients was compared with those from the previously reported populations (26 ever-reported patients). Clinically, L144S mutation is associated with both sporadic and familial ALS of relatively slow uniform course, a prevalent onset in the lower limbs, either classic or PMA presentation and a long survival time. Like in the case of other previously described SOD1 mutations, there was an intra-familial heterogeneity and reduced penetrance for ALS was observed. We propose that the L144S SOD1 mutation in the three studied populations has a common founder most likely of Polish origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kuźma-Kozakiewicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Institute of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elahe Elahi
- Faculty of Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afagh Alavi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peter C Sapp
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Mitsuya Morita
- Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shomotsuke, Japan, and
| | - Cezary Żekanowski
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Berdyński
- Institute of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Roggenbuck J, Fong JC. Genetic Testing for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia: Impact on Clinical Management. Clin Lab Med 2020; 40:271-287. [PMID: 32718499 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are devastating neurodegenerative disorders that share clinical, pathologic, and genetic features. Persons and families affected by these conditions frequently question why they developed the disease, the expected disease course, treatment options, and the likelihood that family members will be affected. Genetic testing has the potential to answers these important questions. Despite the progress in gene discovery, the offer of genetic testing is not yet "standard of care" in ALS and FTD clinics. The authors review the current genetic landscape and present recommendations for the laboratory genetic evaluation of persons with these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Roggenbuck
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, 2012 Kenny Road, Columbus, OH 43221, USA.
| | - Jamie C Fong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS: BCM115, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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15
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Khani M, Shamshiri H, Fatehi F, Rohani M, Haghi Ashtiani B, Akhoundi FH, Alavi A, Moazzeni H, Taheri H, Ghani MT, Javanparast L, Hashemi SS, Haji-Seyed-Javadi R, Heidari M, Nafissi S, Elahi E. Description of combined ARHSP/JALS phenotype in some patients with SPG11 mutations. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1240. [PMID: 32383541 PMCID: PMC7336765 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SPG11 mutations can cause autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (ARHSP) and juvenile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (JALS). Because these diseases share some clinical presentations and both can be caused by SPG11 mutations, it was considered that definitive diagnosis may not be straight forward. Methods The DNAs of referred ARHSP and JALS patients were exome sequenced. Clinical data of patients with SPG11 mutations were gathered by interviews and neurological examinations including electrodiagnosis (EDX) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results Eight probands with SPG11 mutations were identified. Two mutations are novel. Among seven Iranian probands, six carried the p.Glu1026Argfs*4‐causing mutation. All eight patients had features known to be present in both ARHSP and JALS. Additionally and surprisingly, presence of both thin corpus callosum (TCC) on MRI and motor neuronopathy were also observed in seven patients. These presentations are, respectively, key suggestive features of ARHSP and JALS. Conclusion We suggest that rather than ARHSP or JALS, combined ARHSP/JALS is the appropriate description of seven patients studied. Criteria for ARHSP, JALS, and combined ARHSP/JALS designations among patients with SPG11 mutations are suggested. The importance of performing both EDX and MRI is emphasized. Initial screening for p.Glu1026Argfs*4 may facilitate SPG11 screenings in Iranian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Khani
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hosein Shamshiri
- Department of Neurology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Fatehi
- Department of Neurology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rohani
- Department of Neurology, Hazrat Rasool Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Haghi Ashtiani
- Department of Neurology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Haji Akhoundi
- Department of Neurology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afagh Alavi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Moazzeni
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Taheri
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Tolou Ghani
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Javanparast
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Saleh Hashemi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Matineh Heidari
- Department of Neurology, Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahriar Nafissi
- Department of Neurology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Elahi
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Keskin I, Forsgren E, Lehmann M, Andersen PM, Brännström T, Lange DJ, Synofzik M, Nordström U, Zetterström P, Marklund SL, Gilthorpe JD. The molecular pathogenesis of superoxide dismutase 1-linked ALS is promoted by low oxygen tension. Acta Neuropathol 2019; 138:85-101. [PMID: 30863976 PMCID: PMC6570705 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-019-01986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Disease pathogenesis is linked to destabilization, disorder and aggregation of the SOD1 protein. However, the non-genetic factors that promote disorder and the subsequent aggregation of SOD1 have not been studied. Mainly located to the reducing cytosol, mature SOD1 contains an oxidized disulfide bond that is important for its stability. Since O2 is required for formation of the bond, we reasoned that low O2 tension might be a risk factor for the pathological changes associated with ALS development. By combining biochemical approaches in an extensive range of genetically distinct patient-derived cell lines, we show that the disulfide bond is an Achilles heel of the SOD1 protein. Culture of patient-derived fibroblasts, astrocytes, and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mixed motor neuron and astrocyte cultures (MNACs) under low O2 tensions caused reductive bond cleavage and increases in disordered SOD1. The effects were greatest in cells derived from patients carrying ALS-linked mutations in SOD1. However, significant increases also occurred in wild-type SOD1 in cultures derived from non-disease controls, and patients carrying mutations in other common ALS-linked genes. Compared to fibroblasts, MNACs showed far greater increases in SOD1 disorder and even aggregation of mutant SOD1s, in line with the vulnerability of the motor system to SOD1-mediated neurotoxicity. Our results show for the first time that O2 tension is a principal determinant of SOD1 stability in human patient-derived cells. Furthermore, we provide a mechanism by which non-genetic risk factors for ALS, such as aging and other conditions causing reduced vascular perfusion, could promote disease initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isil Keskin
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elin Forsgren
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Manuela Lehmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thomas Brännström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Dale J Lange
- Department of Neurology, Hospital for Special Surgery and Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Matthis Synofzik
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Research Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrika Nordström
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Zetterström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stefan L Marklund
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, 90185, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jonathan D Gilthorpe
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
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17
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Ricci C, Giannini F, Intini E, Battistini S. Genotype-phenotype correlation and evidence for a common ancestor in two Italian ALS patients with the D124G SOD1 mutation. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2019; 20:611-614. [PMID: 31170830 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2019.1621345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To describe the phenotypic and genotypic features of two unrelated Italian amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, a FALS case and an apparently sporadic case, carrying the same D124G SOD1 mutation. Since this mutation is very rare, previously reported in only one patient of unknown geographical origin, to look for a founder effect. Methods: Cases were classified based on the El Escorial revised criteria. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood samples and the coding region of the SOD1 gene was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. For the haplotype analysis, genotyping was carried out using eight polymorphic markers flanking the SOD1 gene. Results: Both patients had a spinal onset in the lower limbs and progressive muscular atrophy (PMA) phenotype. The progression of the disease in our cases differed from that reported for PMA patients, characterized by a longer survival than the majority of ALS phenotypes, being more aggressive, in particular in the sporadic case (survival less than 1 year). Genotyping showed a shared haplotype for the D124G allele and the estimate of the mutation dating revealed that the mutation originated approximately 400 years ago. Conclusions: We have defined for the first time the clinical profile associated with the D124G mutation in SOD1 gene and provided evidence that this mutation in Italy originates from a common founder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ricci
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena , Siena , Italy and
| | - Fabio Giannini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena , Siena , Italy and
| | - Enrica Intini
- Pneumology Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore , Rome , Italy
| | - Stefania Battistini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena , Siena , Italy and
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Mutation screening of SLC52A3, C19orf12, and TARDBP in Iranian ALS patients. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 75:225.e9-225.e14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Tang L, Ma Y, Liu XL, Chen L, Fan DS. Better survival in female SOD1-mutant patients with ALS: a study of SOD1-related natural history. Transl Neurodegener 2019; 8:2. [PMID: 30637102 PMCID: PMC6325854 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-018-0142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SOD1 mutations are the most common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in non-Caucasian patients. Detailed natural history profiles of SOD1-mutant patients will be beneficial for the strategy and interpretation of future SOD1-targeted clinical practice. Methods Mutational distribution, age at onset (AAO), site of onset, diagnostic delay, disease progression (rate of ALSFRS-R decrease, ΔFS) and survival were analysed. Further comparisons between heredity of disease, gender, and mutations were performed. Results Sixty-six cases with 43 SOD1 mutations were included and analysed, with p.His47Arg as the leading mutation and seven novel variants identified. The mean (SD) AAO was 43.92 years (9.24) for all subjects, with a significant difference between patients carrying mutations in exon 2 (n = 24,46.83, 8.31) and exon 4 (n = 18, 37.75, 7.67) (p = 0.002). The median (IQR) diagnostic delay from symptom onset was 14.50 (6.00–36.50) months for all SOD1-mutant patients, 9.50 (4.75–24.25) months for males and 24.00 (9.50–47.50) months for females, revealing a gender difference (p = 0.009). Similar advantages in median (IQR) ΔFS [male: female, 0.55 (0.24–0.94) vs 0.19 (0.06–0.90), p = 0.041] and mean (95% CI) survival [57.4 (38.90–75.90) months vs 125.6 (99.80–151.50) months, p = 0.006] were also observed in females, both of which existed in sporadic ALS only when stratified by familiar or sporadic ALS. Conclusions The results highlight a distinct mutational distribution and natural history spectrum in ALS patients carrying SOD1 mutations in China. A prominent mild disease progression was observed in female patients, which had rarely been reported in the previous literature. This finding, together with the detailed analysis of natural history among each mutation, can have important implications for future genetic counselling and SOD1-targeted clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Lu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Sheng Fan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 People's Republic of China
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20
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Genetic testing and genetic counseling for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an update for clinicians. Genet Med 2016; 19:267-274. [DOI: 10.1038/gim.2016.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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21
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Alemasov NA, Ivanisenko NV, Medvedev SP, Zakian SM, Kolchanov NA, Ivanisenko VA. Dynamic properties of SOD1 mutants can predict survival time of patients carrying familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:645-656. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1158666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay A. Alemasov
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikita V. Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey P. Medvedev
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Suren M. Zakian
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A. Kolchanov
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Ivanisenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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22
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Nafissi S, Kazemi H, Tiraihi T, Beladi-Moghadam N, Faghihzadeh S, Faghihzadeh E, Yadegarynia D, Sadeghi M, Chamani-Tabriz L, Khanfakhraei A, Taheri T. Intraspinal delivery of bone marrow stromal cell-derived neural stem cells in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A safety and feasibility study. J Neurol Sci 2016; 362:174-81. [PMID: 26944143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cells have been used in several studies with different methodologies to treat patients with ALS. METHODS In this safety and feasibility study, 11 patients with definite or probable ALS according to El Escorial criteria were selected. 3 patients were excluded due to inadequate bone marrow or safety measures after acquisition of bone marrow. Bone marrow stromal cell-derived neural stem cells were injected in C7-T1 spinal cord under general anesthesia. Patients were followed for 12months after injection with manual muscle testing, ALSFRS-R, quality of life changes, pulmonary function test and electromyography. RESULTS None of the patients had perioperative mortality or major morbidity. One patient had temporary deterioration in lower extremities after injection which improved after a few weeks. In the 12months post-injection, only one patient died due to pulmonary embolism. From the remaining 7 patients, all had a stable course after 4months and 5 were stable for the first 8months post-injection and deteriorated afterwards. DISCUSSION In this study, intraspinal injection of bone marrow derived neural stem cells appears to be safe. Patients experienced a temporary stabilization for the first few months post-injection and then gradually deteriorated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Nafissi
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam-Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran; Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Department of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hadi Kazemi
- Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam-Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taki Tiraihi
- Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Beladi-Moghadam
- Department of Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soghrat Faghihzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Davoud Yadegarynia
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Sadeghi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leili Chamani-Tabriz
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Khanfakhraei
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam-Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taher Taheri
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury, Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam-Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Vats A, Gourie-Devi M, Verma M, Ramachandran S, Taneja B, Kukreti R, Taneja V. Identification of L84F mutation with a novel nucleotide change c.255G > T in the superoxide dismutase gene in a North Indian family with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2015; 17:253-9. [DOI: 10.3109/21678421.2015.1111906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Vats
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi,
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi,
| | - Mandaville Gourie-Devi
- Department of Neurophysiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi,
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behaviour and Allied Sciences, New Delhi,
| | - Meenakshi Verma
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi, and
| | | | - Bhupesh Taneja
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, New Delhi, and
| | - Vibha Taneja
- Department of Research, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Rajinder Nagar, Delhi,
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24
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Shamshiri H, Fatehi F, Davoudi F, Mir E, Pourmirza B, Abolfazli R, Etemadifar M, Harirchian MH, Gharagozli K, Ayromlou H, Basiri K, Zamani B, Rohani M, Sedighi B, Roudbari A, Delavar Kasmaei H, Nikkhah K, Ranjbar Naeini A, Nafissi S. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis progression: Iran-ALS clinical registry, a multicentre study. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2015; 16:506-11. [PMID: 26437387 DOI: 10.3109/21678421.2015.1074698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate ALS progression among different subgroups of Iranian patients. Three hundred and fifty-eight patients from centres around the country were registered and their progression rate was evaluated using several scores including Manual Muscle Test scoring (MMT) and the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-R). Progression rate was analysed separately in subgroups regarding gender, onset site, stage of disease and riluzole consumption. A significant difference in MMT deterioration rate (p = 0.01) was noted between those who used riluzole and those who did not. No significant difference was observed in progression rates between male/female and bulbar-onset/limb-onset groups using riluzole. In conclusion, riluzole has a significant effect on muscle force deterioration rate but not functional scale. Progression rate was not influenced by site of onset or gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Shamshiri
- a Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Department of Neurology , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran
| | - Farzad Fatehi
- a Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Department of Neurology , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran
| | - Farnoush Davoudi
- b Department of Community Medicine , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran
| | - Elham Mir
- c Sanofi-Medical Department , Tehran
| | | | - Roya Abolfazli
- a Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Department of Neurology , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran
| | - Masoud Etemadifar
- d Department of Neurology , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan
| | - Mohammad Hossein Harirchian
- a Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Department of Neurology , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran
| | | | - Hormoz Ayromlou
- f Department of Neurology , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Keivan Basiri
- d Department of Neurology , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan
| | - Babak Zamani
- g Department of Neurology , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran
| | - Mohammad Rohani
- g Department of Neurology , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran
| | - Behnaz Sedighi
- h Department of Neurology , Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman
| | - Ali Roudbari
- i Department of Neurology , Gilan University of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Karim Nikkhah
- j Department of Neurology , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Shahriar Nafissi
- a Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Department of Neurology , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran
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25
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Hübers A, Just W, Rosenbohm A, Müller K, Marroquin N, Goebel I, Högel J, Thiele H, Altmüller J, Nürnberg P, Weishaupt JH, Kubisch C, Ludolph AC, Volk AE. De novo FUS mutations are the most frequent genetic cause in early-onset German ALS patients. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:3117.e1-3117.e6. [PMID: 26362943 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients with known genetic cause, mutations in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) account for most familial and late-onset sporadic cases, whereas mutations in fused in sarcoma (FUS) can be identified in just around 5% of familial and 1% of overall sporadic cases. There are only few reports on de novo FUS mutations in juvenile ALS patients. To date, no systematic evaluation on the frequency of de novo FUS mutations in early-onset ALS patients has been conducted. Here, we screened a cohort of 14 early-onset sporadic ALS patients (onset age <35 years) to determine the frequency of mutations in C9orf72, SOD1, and FUS in this defined patient cohort. All patients were recruited prospectively by a single center in a period of 38 months. No mutations were detected in SOD1 or C9orf72; however, we identified 6 individuals (43%) carrying a heterozygous FUS mutation including 1 mutation that has not been described earlier (c.1504delG [p.Asp502Thrfs*27]). Genetic testing of parents was possible in 5 families and revealed that the mutations in these patients arose de novo. Three of the 6 identified patients presented with initial bulbar symptoms. Our study identifies FUS mutations as the most frequent genetic cause in early-onset ALS. Genetic testing of FUS thus seems indicated in sporadic early-onset ALS patients especially if showing predominant bulbar symptoms and an aggressive disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Hübers
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Walter Just
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Angela Rosenbohm
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathrin Müller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Ingrid Goebel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Josef Högel
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Albert C Ludolph
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander E Volk
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Suri F, Yazdani S, Elahi E. Glaucoma in iran and contributions of studies in iran to the understanding of the etiology of glaucoma. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2015; 10:68-76. [PMID: 26005556 PMCID: PMC4424722 DOI: 10.4103/2008-322x.156120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic and genetic/molecular research on glaucoma in Iran started within the past decade. A population-based study on the epidemiology of glaucoma in Yazd, a city in central Iran, revealed that 4.4% of studied individuals were affected with glaucoma: 1.6% with high tension primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), 1.6% with normal tension POAG, and 0.4% each with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG), and other types of secondary glaucoma. Two notable observations were the relatively high frequency of normal tension glaucoma cases (1.6%) and the large fraction of glaucoma affected individuals (nearly 90%) who were unaware of their condition. The first and most subsequent genetic studies on glaucoma in Iran were focused on primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) showing that cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is the cause of PCG in the majority of Iranian patients, many different CYP1B1 mutations are present among Iranian patients but only four mutations constitute the vast majority, and the origins of most mutations in the Iranians are identical by descent (IBD) with the same mutations in other populations. Furthermore, most of the PCG patients are from the northern and northwestern provinces of Iran. A statistically significant male predominance of PCG was observed only among patients without CYP1B1 mutations. Clinical investigations on family members of PCG patients revealed that CYP1B1 mutations exhibit variable expressivity, but almost complete penetrance. A great number of individuals harboring CYP1B1 mutations become affected with juvenile onset POAG. Screening of JOAG patients showed that an approximately equal fraction of the patients harbor CYP1B1 and (myocilin) MYOC mutations; MYOC is a well-known adult onset glaucoma causing gene. Presence of CYP1B1 mutations in JOAG patients suggests that in some cases, the two conditions may share a common etiology. Further genetic analysis of Iranian PCG patients led to identification of Latent-transforming growth factor beta-binding protein 2 (LTBP2) as a causative gene for both PCG and several diseases which are often accompanied by glaucomatous presentations, such as Weill-Marchesani syndrome 3 (WMS3). The findings on LTBP2 have contributed to recognize the importance of the extracellular matrix in pathways leading to glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Suri
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Yazdani
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ; Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Elahi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Marangi G, Traynor BJ. Genetic causes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: new genetic analysis methodologies entailing new opportunities and challenges. Brain Res 2015; 1607:75-93. [PMID: 25316630 PMCID: PMC5916786 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The genetic architecture of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is being increasingly understood. In this far-reaching review, we examine what is currently known about ALS genetics and how these genes were initially identified. We also discuss the various types of mutations that might underlie this fatal neurodegenerative condition and outline some of the strategies that might be useful in untangling them. These include expansions of short repeat sequences, common and low-frequency genetic variations, de novo mutations, epigenetic changes, somatic mutations, epistasis, oligogenic and polygenic hypotheses. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled ALS complex pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Marangi
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA; Institute of Medical Genetics, Catholic University, Roma, Italy.
| | - Bryan J Traynor
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Alavi A, Nafissi S, Shamshiri H, Nejad MM, Elahi E. Identification of mutation in NPC2 by exome sequencing results in diagnosis of Niemann-Pick disease type C. Mol Genet Metab 2013; 110:139-44. [PMID: 23791309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We report identification of a homozygous mutation in NPC2 in two Iranian siblings with a neurologic dysfunction whose disease had not been diagnosed prior to our genetic analysis. The mutation was identified by exome sequencing. The finding resulted in diagnosis of Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC) in the siblings, and initiation of treatment with Miglustat. The clinical features of the patients are presented. It has been suggested that NPC is under diagnosed, particularly when presentations are not very severe, as was the situation in the cases studied here. NPC is a fatal autosomal recessive disorder clinically characterized by hepatosplenomegaly and progressive neurological deterioration. At the cellular level, it causes aberrant cholesterol trafficking and accumulation of unesterified cholesterol in lysosomes. Mutations in NPC1 and NPC2 are cause of disease in respectively, 95% and 5% of NPC patients. The p.Pro120Ser causing mutation in NPC2 observed in the Iranian patients was earlier observed in the only other NPC2 patient reported from the Middle East. The study demonstrates that in addition to greatly facilitating gene discovery, exome sequencing has notable potentials for diagnosis, particularly for diagnosis of atypical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afagh Alavi
- School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is not a major cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis among Iranian patients. Neurobiol Aging 2013; 35:267.e1-7. [PMID: 23962495 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease in populations of European descent. It was recently found that a hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is its most common cause in these populations. The contribution of C9ORF72 to ALS is notably lower in the Far East, but its role in other populations is unknown. Results of C9ORF72 screening in 78 unrelated Iranian ALS patients are reported here. The repeat expansion was observed in only 1 (5.9%) of the familial and 1 (1.6%) of the sporadic cases. These figures are to be compared, respectively, with 30% and 6.9% among patients of European ethnicity. Screenings of C9ORF72 in other Middle East countries will reveal whether the low contribution of C9ORF72 to ALS is a feature of the entire region. During the screenings, it was noted that in a single family, 3 individuals affected with ALS, Parkinson's disease, or frontotemporal dementia all carried the repeat expansion. The finding suggests the mutation does rarely contribute to the etiology of Parkinson's disease.
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30
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Sabatelli M, Conte A, Zollino M. Clinical and genetic heterogeneity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Clin Genet 2013; 83:408-16. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Zollino
- Istituto di Genetica Medica; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Rome; Italy
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