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Wu XB, Liu YA, Huang LX, Guo X, Cai WQ, Luo B, Wang SW. Hemodynamics combined with inflammatory indicators exploring relationships between ischemic stroke and symptomatic middle cerebral artery atherosclerotic stenosis. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:378. [PMID: 37752519 PMCID: PMC10523698 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is a major cause of ischemic stroke, and high-resolution vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) can be used to assess the plaque characteristics of ICAS. This study combined HR-VWI, hemodynamics, and peripheral blood inflammatory indicators to investigate the role of these factors in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS) and their inter-relationships. METHODS Patients diagnosed with atherosclerotic middle cerebral artery stenosis were recruited retrospectively from June 2018 to July 2022. Plaque enhancement was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed, and the degree of plaque enhancement was graded according to the plaque-to-pituitary stalk contrast ratio (CR). Computational fluid dynamics models were constructed, and then hemodynamic parameters, including wall shear stress (WSS) and pressure ratio (PR), were measured and recorded. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify factors that can predict sICAS. In addition, the correlation analysis between the plaque characteristics on HR-VWI, hemodynamic parameters, and peripheral blood inflammatory indicators was performed to investigate the interrelationships between these factors. RESULTS Thirty-two patients were included. A higher proportion of plaque enhancement, maximum WSS, and WSS ratio (WSSR) were significantly associated with sICAS. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only the WSSR was an independent risk factor for sICAS. The correlation analysis revealed that both the CR and plaque burden showed linear positive correlation with the WSSR (R = 0.411, P = 0.022; R = 0.474, P = 0.007, respectively), and showed linear negative correlation with the lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (R = 0.382, P = 0.031; R = 0.716, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The plaque enhancement and WSSR were significantly associated with sICAS, WSSR was an independent risk factor for sICAS. Plaque enhancement and plaque burden showed linear correlation with the WSSR and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR). Hemodynamics and inflammation combined to promote plaque progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Ao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Li-Xin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen, 518033, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen, 518033, China
| | - Wang-Qing Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 3025 Shennan Middle Road, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
| | - Sheng-Wen Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
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Symptomatic plaque enhancement is associated with early-onset post-stroke depression. J Affect Disord 2022; 306:281-287. [PMID: 35337924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between imaging features closely associated with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic plaques and early-onset post-stroke depression (PSD) is currently unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS 76 ischemic stroke patients who underwent high-resolution vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (HR-VWI) were divided into PSD and non-PSD groups according to their DSM-V diagnoses and HAMD-17 scores at 14 days after onset. Clinical data and the imaging features associated with symptomatic plaques (including the enhancement index (EI), remodeling index, and plaque surface irregularity) were compared between groups. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to find independent predictors of early-onset PSD. Spearman rank correlation analysis explores the association between clinical data, symptomatic plaque imaging features, and HAMD-17 in patients. RESULTS The sample comprised 36 patients with early-onset PSD. The symptomatic plaque EI and infarct volume were significantly higher in depressed patients than in patients without depression (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that symptomatic plaque EI could be used as an independent predictor of early-onset PSD after correcting for the confounding factor of infarct volume (OR = 1.034, 95% CI:1.014-1.055, P = 0.001). In the total sample, symptomatic plaque EI, infarct volume, and HAMD-17 had a significant positive correlation with each other (P < 0.05). LIMITATIONS This study focused only on the patients' symptomatic plaques and did not monitor patients' systemic inflammation levels at the time of HR-VWI. CONCLUSIONS The degree of symptomatic plaque enhancement is an independent predictive imaging marker of early-onset PSD and can be used the early diagnosis of early-onset PSD.
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Zhao JJ, Lu Y, Cui JY, Ma LQ, Zhang RP, Xu Z. Characteristics of symptomatic plaque on high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and its relationship with the occurrence and recurrence of ischemic stroke. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:3605-3613. [PMID: 34236554 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of ischemia stroke. Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) are used to evaluate the degree of lumen stenosis. However, these examinations are invasive and can only reveal mild to moderate stenosis. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) seems a more intuitive way to show the pathological changes of vascular wall. Hence, we conducted a systematic retrospective study to determine the characteristics of symptomatic plaques in patients with intracranial atherosclerosis on HRMRI and their association with the occurrence and recurrence of ischemic stroke events. METHODS The PubMed database was searched for relevant studies reported from January 31, 2010, to October 31, 2020. RESULTS We selected 14 clinical outcome studies. We found that plaque enhancement and positive remodeling on HRMRI indicate symptomatic plaques. Besides, intraplaque hemorrhage and positive remodeling index are closely related to the occurrence of stroke. However, it is still controversial whether the initial enhancement of plaque and the occurrence and recurrence of stroke are related. There is also no significant correlation between vascular stenosis and symptomatic plaque or the occurrence and recurrence of ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging can be used as an assessment tool to predict the risk of stroke onset and recurrence in patients with atherosclerosis, but further research is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ji Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun-Yi Cui
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, No. 95, Huashan Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lin-Qing Ma
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, No. 95, Huashan Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Run-Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The People's Hospital of Suzhou New District, No. 95, Huashan Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zhuan Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 899, Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Lu Y, Ye MF, Zhao JJ, Diao SS, Li T, Ding DX, Zhang LL, Yao FR, Kong Y, Xu Z. Gadolinium enhancement of atherosclerotic plaque in the intracranial artery. Neurol Res 2021; 43:1040-1049. [PMID: 34229565 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2021.1949682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Gadolinium enhancement on high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) has been considered a sign of instability and inflammation of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques. Our research objective was to explore the relationship between the extent of plaque enhancement (PE), the degree of intracranial artery stenosis, and acute ischemic stroke events.Methods: HR-MRI was performed in 91 patients with intracranial vascular stenosis to determine the existence and intensity of PE.Results: Among 91 patients enrolled in the trial, there were 43 patients in the acute/subacute group (≤1 month from ischemic stroke event), 15 patients in the chronic group (>1 month from ischemic stroke event), and 33 patients in the non-culprit plaques group (no ischemic stroke event). A total of 105 intracranial atherosclerotic plaques were detected in 91 patients. 14 (13.3%) were mild-stenosis plaques, 22 (21.0%) were moderate-stenosis plaques, and 69 (65.7%) were severe-stenosis plaques. There were 12 (11.4%), 18 (17.1%), and 75 (71.4%) plaques in the non-enhanced plaque group, the mild-enhancement group, and the significant-enhancement group, respectively. The degree of PE among the acute/subacute group, the chronic group, and the non-culprit plaque group had a significant difference (P = 0.005). Enhanced plaques were more often observed in culprit plaques (acute/subacute group and chronic group) than non-culprit plaques (96.7% vs 77.3%). Non-enhanced plaques were more often observed in non-culprit plaques than culprit plaques (acute/subacute group and chronic group) (22.7% vs 3.3%). And 36.6% of the enhanced plaques were non-culprit plaques. After performing univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, the results showed that strong plaque enhancement (P = 0.025, odds ratio [OR] 3.700, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.182-11.583) and severe stenosis (P = 0.008, OR 4.393, 95%CI 1.481-13.030) were significantly associated with acute ischemic events.Conclusion: Enhanced plaques were more often observed in culprit plaques, and non-enhanced plaques were more often observed in non-culprit plaques. Moreover, significant plaque enhancement and severe ICAS were closely associated with acute ischemic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng-Fan Ye
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie-Ji Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shan-Shan Diao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Xue Ding
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu-Lu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei-Rong Yao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Kong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuan Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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