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Terenzi D, Simon N, Gachomba MJM, de Peretti JL, Nazarian B, Sein J, Anton JL, Grandjean D, Baunez C, Chaminade T. Social context and drug cues modulate inhibitory control in cocaine addiction: involvement of the STN evidenced through functional MRI. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02637-y. [PMID: 38926543 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Addictions often develop in a social context, although the influence of social factors did not receive much attention in the neuroscience of addiction. Recent animal studies suggest that peer presence can reduce cocaine intake, an influence potentially mediated, among others, by the subthalamic nucleus (STN). However, there is to date no neurobiological study investigating this mediation in humans. This study investigated the impact of social context and drug cues on brain correlates of inhibitory control in individuals with and without cocaine use disorder (CUD) using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). Seventeen CUD participants and 17 healthy controls (HC) performed a novel fMRI "Social" Stop-Signal Task (SSST) in the presence or absence of an observer while being exposed to cocaine-related (vs. neutral) cues eliciting craving in drug users. The results showed that CUD participants, while slower at stopping with neutral cues, recovered control level stopping abilities with cocaine cues, while HC did not show any difference. During inhibition (Stop Correct vs Stop Incorrect), activity in the right STN, right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and bilateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) varied according to the type of cue. Notably, the presence of an observer reversed this effect in most areas for CUD participants. These findings highlight the impact of social context and drug cues on inhibitory control in CUD and the mediation of these effects by the right STN and bilateral OFC, emphasizing the importance of considering the social context in addiction research. They also comfort the STN as a potential addiction treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Terenzi
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
| | - Nicolas Simon
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- SESSTIM INSERM, IRD & Aix-Marseille Université, AP-HM, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jeanne-Laure de Peretti
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Bruno Nazarian
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Julien Sein
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Luc Anton
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Grandjean
- Swiss Center for Affective Science and Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christelle Baunez
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
| | - Thierry Chaminade
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR 7289 CNRS & Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Johari K, Berger JI. Theta oscillations within right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contribute differently to speech versus limb inhibition. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25298. [PMID: 38361410 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that speech and limb movement inhibition are subserved by common neural mechanisms, particularly within the right prefrontal cortex. In a recent study, we found that cathodal stimulation of right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) differentially modulated P3 event-related potentials for speech versus limb inhibition. In the present study, we further analyzed these data to examine the effects of cathodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over rDLPFC on frontal theta - an oscillatory marker of cognitive control - in response to speech and limb inhibition, during a Go/No-Go task in 21 neurotypical adults. Electroencephalography data demonstrated that both speech and limb No-Go elicited prominent theta activity over right prefrontal electrodes, with stronger activity for speech compared to limb. Moreover, we found that cathodal stimulation significantly increased theta power over right prefrontal electrodes for speech versus limb No-Go. Source analysis revealed that cathodal, but not sham, stimulation increased theta activity within rDLPFC and bilateral premotor cortex for speech No-Go compared to limb movement inhibition. These findings complement our previous report and suggest (1) right prefrontal theta activity is an amodal oscillatory mechanism supporting speech and limb inhibition, (2) larger theta activity in prefrontal electrodes for speech versus limb following cathodal stimulation may reflect allocation of additional neural resources for a more complex motor task, such as speech compared to limb movement. These findings have translational implications for conditions such as Parkinson's disease, wherein both speech and limb movement are impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Johari
- Human Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Lab, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Joel I Berger
- Human Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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3
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Fagerland SM, Berntsen HR, Fredriksen M, Endestad T, Skouras S, Rootwelt-Revheim ME, Undseth RM. Exploring protocol development: Implementing systematic contextual memory to enhance real-time fMRI neurofeedback. JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL BIOIMPEDANCE 2024; 15:41-62. [PMID: 38827812 PMCID: PMC11141335 DOI: 10.2478/joeb-2024-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Objective The goal of this study was to explore the development and implementation of a protocol for real-time fMRI neurofeedback (rtfMRI-nf) and to assess the potential for enhancing the selective brain activation using stimuli from Virtual Reality (VR). In this study we focused on two specific brain regions, supplementary motor area (SMA) and right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG). Publications by other study groups have suggested impaired function in these specific brain regions in patients with the diagnoses Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Tourette's Syndrome (TS). This study explored the development of a protocol to investigate if attention and contextual memory may be used to systematically strengthen the procedure of rtfMRI-nf. Methods We used open-science software and platforms for rtfMRI-nf and for developing a simulated repetition of the rtfMRI-nf brain training in VR. We conducted seven exploratory tests in which we updated the protocol at each step. During rtfMRI-nf, MRI images are analyzed live while a person is undergoing an MRI scan, and the results are simultaneously shown to the person in the MRI-scanner. By focusing the analysis on specific regions of the brain, this procedure can be used to help the person strengthen conscious control of these regions. The VR simulation of the same experience involved a walk through the hospital toward the MRI scanner where the training sessions were conducted, as well as a subsequent simulated repetition of the MRI training. The VR simulation was a 2D projection of the experience.The seven exploratory tests involved 19 volunteers. Through this exploration, methods for aiming within the brain (e.g. masks/algorithms for coordinate-system control) and calculations for the analyses (e.g. calculations based on connectivity versus activity) were updated by the project team throughout the project. The final procedure involved three initial rounds of rtfMRI-nf for learning brain strategies. Then, the volunteers were provided with VR headsets and given instructions for one week of use. Afterward, a new session with three rounds of rtfMRI-nf was conducted. Results Through our exploration of the indirect effect parameters - brain region activity (directed oxygenated blood flow), connectivity (degree of correlated activity in different regions), and neurofeedback score - the volunteers tended to increase activity in the reinforced brain regions through our seven tests. Updates of procedures and analyses were always conducted between pilots, and never within. The VR simulated repetition was tested in pilot 7, but the role of the VR contribution in this setting is unclear due to underpowered testing. Conclusion This proof-of-concept protocol implies how rtfMRI-nf may be used to selectively train two brain regions (SMA and rIFG). The method may likely be adapted to train any given region in the brain, but readers are advised to update and adapt the procedure to experimental needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Maude Fagerland
- The Intervention Centre, Division of Technology and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cognitive and Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Henrik Røsholm Berntsen
- The Intervention Centre, Division of Technology and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mats Fredriksen
- Neuropsychatric Outpatient Clinic, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Tor Endestad
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland Hospital, Norway
| | - Stavros Skouras
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, CH-1202, Switzerland
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, NO-5020, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland
| | - Mona Elisabeth Rootwelt-Revheim
- The Intervention Centre, Division of Technology and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Marie Undseth
- The Intervention Centre, Division of Technology and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cognitive and Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Radiology Research, The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Melleu FF, Canteras NS. Pathways from the Superior Colliculus to the Basal Ganglia. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1431-1453. [PMID: 37702174 PMCID: PMC11097988 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230911102118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work aims to review the structural organization of the mammalian superior colliculus (SC), the putative pathways connecting the SC and the basal ganglia, and their role in organizing complex behavioral output. First, we review how the complex intrinsic connections between the SC's laminae projections allow for the construction of spatially aligned, visual-multisensory maps of the surrounding environment. Moreover, we present a summary of the sensory-motor inputs of the SC, including a description of the integration of multi-sensory inputs relevant to behavioral control. We further examine the major descending outputs toward the brainstem and spinal cord. As the central piece of this review, we provide a thorough analysis covering the putative interactions between the SC and the basal ganglia. To this end, we explore the diverse thalamic routes by which information from the SC may reach the striatum, including the pathways through the lateral posterior, parafascicular, and rostral intralaminar thalamic nuclei. We also examine the interactions between the SC and subthalamic nucleus, representing an additional pathway for the tectal modulation of the basal ganglia. Moreover, we discuss how information from the SC might also be relayed to the basal ganglia through midbrain tectonigral and tectotegmental projections directed at the substantia nigra compacta and ventrotegmental area, respectively, influencing the dopaminergic outflow to the dorsal and ventral striatum. We highlight the vast interplay between the SC and the basal ganglia and raise several missing points that warrant being addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Newton Sabino Canteras
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Johari K, Berger JI. High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation over right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex differentially modulates inhibitory mechanisms for speech vs. limb movement. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14289. [PMID: 36883294 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that planning and execution of speech and limb movement are subserved by common neural substrates. However, less is known about whether they are supported by a common inhibitory mechanism. P3 event-related potentials (ERPs) is a neural signature of motor inhibition, which are found to be generated by several brain regions including the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC). However, the relative contribution of rDLPFC to the P3 response associated with speech versus limb inhibition remains elusive. We investigated the contribution of rDLPFC to the P3 underlying speech versus limb movement inhibition. Twenty-one neurotypical adults received both cathodal and sham high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over rDLPFC. ERPs were subsequently recorded while subjects were performing speech and limb Go/No-Go tasks. Cathodal HD-tDCS decreased accuracy for speech versus limb No-Go. Both speech and limb No-Go elicited a similar topographical distribution of P3, with significantly larger amplitudes for speech versus limb at a frontocentral location following cathodal HD-tDCS. Moreover, results showed stronger activation in cingulate cortex and rDLPFC for speech versus limb No-Go following cathodal HD-tDCS. These results indicate (1) P3 is an ERP marker of amodal inhibitory mechanisms that support both speech and limb inhibition, (2) larger P3 for speech versus limb No-Go following cathodal HD-tDCS may reflect the recruitment of additional neural resources-particularly within rDLPFC and cingulate cortex-as compensatory mechanisms to counteract the temporary stimulation-induced decline in speech inhibitory process. These findings have translational implications for neurological conditions that concurrently affect speech and limb movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Johari
- Human Neurophysiology and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Joel I Berger
- Human Brain Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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6
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Al Tannir R, Pautrat A, Baufreton J, Overton PG, Coizet V. The Subthalamic Nucleus: A Hub for Sensory Control via Short Three- Lateral Loop Connections with the Brainstem? Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:22-30. [PMID: 35850655 PMCID: PMC10193764 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220718113548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is classically subdivided into sensori-motor, associative and limbic regions, which is consistent with the involvement of this structure in not only motor control, but also in cognitive and emotional tasks. However, the function of the sensory inputs to the STN's sensori-motor territory is comparatively less well explored, although sensory responses have been reported in this structure. There is still a paucity of information regarding the characteristics of that subdivision and its potential functional role in basal ganglia processing and more widely in associated networks. In this perspective paper, we summarize the type of sensory stimuli that have been reported to activate the STN, and describe the complex sensory properties of the STN and its anatomical link to a sensory network involving the brainstem, characterized in our recent work. Analyzing the sensory input to the STN led us to suggest the existence of previously unreported threelateral subcortical loops between the basal ganglia and the brainstem which do not involve the cortex. Anatomically, these loops closely link the STN, the substantia nigra pars reticulata and various structures from the brainstem such as the superior colliculus and the parabrachial nucleus. We also discuss the potential role of the STN in the control of sensory activity in the brainstem and its possible contribution to favoring sensory habituation or sensitization over brainstem structures to optimize the best selection of action at a given time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racha Al Tannir
- Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Pautrat
- Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jérôme Baufreton
- Institute of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IMN, UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Paul G. Overton
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, Bâtiment E.J. Safra - Chemin Fortuné Ferrini - 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - Veronique Coizet
- Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Leisman G, Melillo R. Front and center: Maturational dysregulation of frontal lobe functional neuroanatomic connections in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:936025. [PMID: 36081853 PMCID: PMC9446472 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.936025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontal lobe function may not universally explain all forms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but the frontal lobe hypothesis described supports an internally consistent model for integrating the numerous behaviors associated with ADHD. The paper examines the developmental trajectories of frontal and prefrontal lobe development, framing ADHD as maturational dysregulation concluding that the cognitive, motor, and behavioral abilities of the presumptive majority of ADHD children may not primarily be disordered or dysfunctional but reflect maturational dysregulation that is inconsistent with the psychomotor and cognitive expectations for the child’s chronological and mental age. ADHD children demonstrate decreased activation of the right and middle prefrontal cortex. Prefrontal and frontal lobe regions have an exuberant network of shared pathways with the diencephalic region, also having a regulatory function in arousal as well as with the ascending reticular formation which has a capacity for response suppression to task-irrelevant stimuli. Prefrontal lesions oftentimes are associated with the regulatory breakdown of goal-directed activity and impulsivity. In conclusion, a presumptive majority of childhood ADHD may result from maturational dysregulation of the frontal lobes with effects on the direct, indirect and/or, hyperdirect pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerry Leisman
- Movement and Cognition Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Neurology, University of Medical Sciences of Havana, Havana, Cuba
- *Correspondence: Gerry Leisman,
| | - Robert Melillo
- Movement and Cognition Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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8
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Bingham CS, McIntyre CC. Subthalamic deep brain stimulation of an anatomically detailed model of the human hyperdirect pathway. J Neurophysiol 2022; 127:1209-1220. [PMID: 35320026 PMCID: PMC9054256 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00004.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The motor hyperdirect pathway (HDP) is considered a key target in the treatment of Parkinson's disease with subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS). This hypothesis is partially derived from the association of HDP activation with evoked potentials (EPs) generated in the motor cortex and subthalamic nucleus (STN) after a DBS pulse. However, the biophysical details of how and when DBS-induced action potentials (APs) in HDP neurons reach their terminations in the cortex or STN remain unclear. Therefore, we used an anatomically detailed representation of the motor HDP, as well as the internal capsule (IC), in a model of human subthalamic DBS to explore AP activation and transmission in the HDP and IC. Our results show that small diameter HDP axons exhibited AP initiation in their subthalamic terminal arbor, which resulted in relatively long transmission latencies to cortex (∼3.5-8 ms). Alternatively, large diameter HDP axons were most likely to be directly activated in the capsular region, which resulted in short transmission times to the cortex (∼1-3 ms). However, those large diameter HDP antidromic APs would be indistinguishable from any other IC axons that were also activated by the stimulus. Conversely, DBS-induced APs in both small and large diameter HDP axons reached their synaptic boutons in the STN with similar timings, but both spanned a wide temporal range (∼0.5-5 ms). We also found that using anodic or bipolar stimulation helped to bias activation of the HDP over the IC. These computational results provide useful information for linking HDP activation with EP recordings in clinical experiments.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We used biophysical models to study pathway recruitment and conduction latencies of the hyperdirect pathway (HDP) in response to subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS). The model system allowed us to assess the influence of increased anatomical realism on pathway activity and the possibility of identifying HDP activity in evoked potentials (EPs) recorded in either the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or cortex. The model predicts that HDP activation is accentuated by complex axonal branching in the STN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton S Bingham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Cameron C McIntyre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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9
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Cole RC, Okine DN, Yeager BE, Narayanan NS. Neuromodulation of cognition in Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2022; 269:435-455. [PMID: 35248205 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuromodulation is a widely used treatment for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). It can be a highly effective treatment as a result of knowledge of circuit dysfunction associated with motor symptoms in PD. However, the mechanisms underlying cognitive symptoms of PD are less well-known, and the effects of neuromodulation on these symptoms are less consistent. Nonetheless, neuromodulation provides a unique opportunity to modulate motor and cognitive circuits while minimizing off-target side effects. We review the modalities of neuromodulation used in PD and the potential implications for cognitive symptoms. There have been some encouraging findings with both invasive and noninvasive modalities of neuromodulation, and there are promising advances being made in the field of therapeutic neuromodulation. Substantial work is needed to determine which modulation targets are most effective for the different types of cognitive deficits of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Cole
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Derrick N Okine
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Brooke E Yeager
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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10
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Albert J, Rincón-Pérez I, Sánchez-Carmona AJ, Arroyo-Lozano S, Olmos R, Hinojosa JA, Fernández-Jaén A, López-Martín S. The development of selective stopping: Qualitative and quantitative changes from childhood to early adulthood. Dev Sci 2021; 25:e13210. [PMID: 34873804 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although progress has been made in elucidating the behavioral and neural development of global stopping across the lifespan, little is known about the development of selective stopping. This more complex form of inhibitory control is required in real-world situations where ongoing responses must be inhibited to certain stimuli but not others, and can be assessed in laboratory settings using a stimulus selective stopping task. Here we used this task to investigate the qualitative and quantitative developmental changes in selective stopping in a large-scale cross-sectional study with three different age groups (children, preadolescents, and young adults). We found that the ability to stop a response selectively to some stimuli (i.e., use a selective strategy) rather than non-selectively to all presented stimuli (i.e., use a global, non-selective strategy) is fully mature by early preadolescence, and remains stable afterwards at least until young adulthood. By contrast, the efficiency or speed of stopping (indexed by a shorter stop-signal reaction time or SSRT) continues to mature throughout adolescence until young adulthood, both for global and selective implementations of stopping. We also provide some preliminary findings regarding which other task variables beyond the strategy and SSRT predicted age group status. Premature responding (an index of "waiting impulsivity") and post-ignore slowing (an index of cognitive control) were among the most relevant predictors in discriminating between developmental age groups. Although present results need to be confirmed and extended in longitudinal studies, they provide new insights into the development of a relevant form of inhibitory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacobo Albert
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alberto J Sánchez-Carmona
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Neuromottiva, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Olmos
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Hinojosa
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Ciencia Cognitiva - C3, Universidad Nebrija, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Jaén
- Hospital Universitario QuirónSalud, Madrid, Spain.,School of Medicine, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara López-Martín
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro Neuromottiva, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Oswal A, Cao C, Yeh CH, Neumann WJ, Gratwicke J, Akram H, Horn A, Li D, Zhan S, Zhang C, Wang Q, Zrinzo L, Foltynie T, Limousin P, Bogacz R, Sun B, Husain M, Brown P, Litvak V. Neural signatures of hyperdirect pathway activity in Parkinson's disease. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5185. [PMID: 34465771 PMCID: PMC8408177 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25366-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by the emergence of beta frequency oscillatory synchronisation across the cortico-basal-ganglia circuit. The relationship between the anatomy of this circuit and oscillatory synchronisation within it remains unclear. We address this by combining recordings from human subthalamic nucleus (STN) and internal globus pallidus (GPi) with magnetoencephalography, tractography and computational modelling. Coherence between supplementary motor area and STN within the high (21-30 Hz) but not low (13-21 Hz) beta frequency range correlated with 'hyperdirect pathway' fibre densities between these structures. Furthermore, supplementary motor area activity drove STN activity selectively at high beta frequencies suggesting that high beta frequencies propagate from the cortex to the basal ganglia via the hyperdirect pathway. Computational modelling revealed that exaggerated high beta hyperdirect pathway activity can provoke the generation of widespread pathological synchrony at lower beta frequencies. These findings suggest a spectral signature and a pathophysiological role for the hyperdirect pathway in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Oswal
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Chunyan Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chien-Hung Yeh
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of Information and Electronics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | | | - James Gratwicke
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Harith Akram
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andreas Horn
- Department of Neurology, Charité University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dianyou Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shikun Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Charité University, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludvic Zrinzo
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tom Foltynie
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Patricia Limousin
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rafal Bogacz
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bomin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Masud Husain
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Brown
- MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Vladimir Litvak
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.
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Zhang Q, Weber MA, Narayanan NS. Medial prefrontal cortex and the temporal control of action. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 158:421-441. [PMID: 33785154 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Across species, the medial prefrontal cortex guides actions in time. This process can be studied using behavioral paradigms such as simple reaction-time and interval-timing tasks. Temporal control of action can be influenced by prefrontal neurotransmitters such as dopamine and acetylcholine and is highly relevant to human diseases such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We review evidence that across species, medial prefrontal lesions impair the temporal control of action. We then consider neurophysiological correlates in humans, primates, and rodents that might encode temporal processing and relate to cognitive-control mechanisms. These data have informed brain-stimulation studies in rodents and humans that can compensate for timing deficits. This line of work illuminates basic mechanisms of temporal control of action in the medial prefrontal cortex, which underlies a range of high-level cognitive processing and could contribute to new biomarkers and therapies for human brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Matthew A Weber
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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