1
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Iglesias V, Bárcenas O, Pintado-Grima C, Burdukiewicz M, Ventura S. Structural information in therapeutic peptides: Emerging applications in biomedicine. FEBS Open Bio 2024. [PMID: 38877295 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Peptides are attracting a growing interest as therapeutic agents. This trend stems from their cost-effectiveness and reduced immunogenicity, compared to antibodies or recombinant proteins, but also from their ability to dock and interfere with large protein-protein interaction surfaces, and their higher specificity and better biocompatibility relative to organic molecules. Many tools have been developed to understand, predict, and engineer peptide function. However, most state-of-the-art approaches treat peptides only as linear entities and disregard their structural arrangement. Yet, structural details are critical for peptide properties such as solubility, stability, or binding affinities. Recent advances in peptide structure prediction have successfully addressed the scarcity of confidently determined peptide structures. This review will explore different therapeutic and biotechnological applications of peptides and their assemblies, emphasizing the importance of integrating structural information to advance these endeavors effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentín Iglesias
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Oriol Bárcenas
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Pintado-Grima
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michał Burdukiewicz
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Salvador Ventura
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Lin J, Chen S, Butt UD, Yan M, Wu B. A comprehensive review on ziconotide. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31105. [PMID: 38779019 PMCID: PMC11110537 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Managing severe chronic pain is a challenging task, given the limited effectiveness of available pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. This issue continues to be a significant public health concern, requiring a substantial therapeutic response. Ziconotide, a synthetic peptide initially isolated from Conus magus in 1982 and approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency in 2004, is the first-line intrathecal method for individuals experiencing severe chronic pain refractory to other therapeutic measures. Ziconotide produces powerful analgesia by blocking N-type calcium channels in the spinal cord, which inhibits the release of pain-relevant neurotransmitters from the central terminals of primary afferent neurons. However, despite possessing many favorable qualities, including the absence of tolerance development, respiratory depression, and withdrawal symptoms (largely due to the absence of a G-protein mediation mechanism), ziconotide's application is limited due to factors such as intrathecal administration and a narrow therapeutic window resulting from significant dose-related undesired effects of the central nervous system. This review aims to provide a comprehensive and clinically relevant summary of the literatures concerning the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of intrathecal ziconotide. It will also describe strategies intended to enhance clinical efficacy while reducing the incidence of side effects. Additionally, the review will explore the current efforts to refine the structure of ziconotide for better clinical outcomes. Lastly, it will prospect potential developments in the new class of selective N-type voltage-sensitive calcium-channel blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Lin
- Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Shuwei Chen
- Fuyang People's Hospital, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | | | - Min Yan
- Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 321000, China
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3
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Zhou Y, Harvey PJ, Koehbach J, Chan LY, Jones A, Andersson Å, Vetter I, Durek T, Craik DJ. A Chemoenzymatic Approach To Produce a Cyclic Analogue of the Analgesic Drug MVIIA (Ziconotide). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202302812. [PMID: 37148162 PMCID: PMC10952433 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Ziconotide (ω-conotoxin MVIIA) is an approved analgesic for the treatment of chronic pain. However, the need for intrathecal administration and adverse effects have limited its widespread application. Backbone cyclization is one way to improve the pharmaceutical properties of conopeptides, but so far chemical synthesis alone has been unable to produce correctly folded and backbone cyclic analogues of MVIIA. In this study, an asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP)-mediated cyclization was used to generate backbone cyclic analogues of MVIIA for the first time. Cyclization using six- to nine-residue linkers did not perturb the overall structure of MVIIA, and the cyclic analogues of MVIIA showed inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV 2.2) and substantially improved stability in human serum and stimulated intestinal fluid. Our study reveals that AEP transpeptidases are capable of cyclizing structurally complex peptides that chemical synthesis cannot achieve and paves the way for further improving the therapeutic value of conotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Peta J. Harvey
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Johannes Koehbach
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Lai Yue Chan
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Alun Jones
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Åsa Andersson
- Institute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- School of PharmacyInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - Thomas Durek
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
| | - David J. Craik
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceInstitute for Molecular BioscienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD4072Australia
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4
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Ding X, Wang Y, Zhang S, Zhang R, Chen D, Chen L, Zhang Y, Luo SZ, Xu J, Pei C. Self-Assembly Nanostructure of Myristoylated ω-Conotoxin MVIIA Increases the Duration of Efficacy and Reduces Side Effects. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21040229. [PMID: 37103368 PMCID: PMC10144222 DOI: 10.3390/md21040229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is one of the most prevalent health problems worldwide. An alternative to suppress or alleviate chronic pain is the use of peptide drugs that block N-type Ca2+ channels (Cav2.2), such as ω-conotoxin MVIIA. Nevertheless, the narrow therapeutic window, severe neurological side effects and low stability associated with peptide MVIIA have restricted its widespread use. Fortunately, self-assembly endows the peptide with high stability and multiple functions, which can effectively control its release to prolong its duration of action. Inspired by this, MVIIA was modified with appropriate fatty acid chains to render it amphiphilic and easier to self-assemble. In this paper, an N-terminal myristoylated MVIIA (Myr-MVIIA, medium carbon chain length) was designed and prepared to undergo self-assembly. The present results indicated that Myr-MVIIA can self-assemble into micelles. Self-assembled micelles formed by Myr-MVIIA at higher concentrations than MVIIA can prolong the duration of the analgesic effect and significantly reduce or even eliminate the side effects of tremor and coordinated motor dysfunction in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Ding
- State key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Sida Zhang
- State key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- State key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Dong Chen
- State key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Long Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Shi-Zhong Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianfu Xu
- State key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Chengxin Pei
- State key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
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5
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Pathophysiological Responses to Conotoxin Modulation of Voltage-Gated Ion Currents. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050282. [PMID: 35621933 PMCID: PMC9143252 DOI: 10.3390/md20050282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated ion channels are plasma membrane proteins that generate electrical signals following a change in the membrane voltage. Since they are involved in several physiological processes, their dysfunction may be responsible for a series of diseases and pain states particularly related to neuronal and muscular systems. It is well established for decades that bioactive peptides isolated from venoms of marine mollusks belonging to the Conus genus, collectively known as conotoxins, can target different types and isoforms of these channels exerting therapeutic effects and pain relief. For this reason, conotoxins are widely used for either therapeutic purposes or studies on ion channel mechanisms of action disclosure. In addition their positive property, however, conotoxins may generate pathological states through similar ion channel modulation. In this narrative review, we provide pieces of evidence on the pathophysiological impacts that different members of conotoxin families exert by targeting the three most important voltage-gated channels, such as sodium, calcium, and potassium, involved in cellular processes.
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6
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Jayakar S, Shim J, Jo S, Bean BP, Singeç I, Woolf CJ. Developing nociceptor-selective treatments for acute and chronic pain. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabj9837. [PMID: 34757806 PMCID: PMC9964063 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj9837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite substantial efforts dedicated to the development of new, nonaddictive analgesics, success in treating pain has been limited. Clinically available analgesic agents generally lack efficacy and may have undesirable side effects. Traditional target-based drug discovery efforts that generate compounds with selectivity for single targets have a high rate of attrition because of their poor clinical efficacy. Here, we examine the challenges associated with the current analgesic drug discovery model and review evidence in favor of stem cell–derived neuronal-based screening approaches for the identification of analgesic targets and compounds for treating diverse forms of acute and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selwyn Jayakar
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jaehoon Shim
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sooyeon Jo
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bruce P Bean
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ilyas Singeç
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), Stem Cell Translation Laboratory (SCTL), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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7
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Chen J, Liu X, Yu S, Liu J, Chen R, Zhang Y, Jiang L, Dai Q. A novel ω-conotoxin Bu8 inhibiting N-type voltage-gated calcium channels displays potent analgesic activity. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2685-2693. [PMID: 34589389 PMCID: PMC8463271 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
ω-Conotoxins inhibit N-type voltage-gated calcium (CaV2.2) channels and exhibit efficacy in attenuating neuropathic pain but have a low therapeutic index. Here, we synthesized and characterized a novel ω-conotoxin, Bu8 from Conus bullatus, which consists of 25 amino acid residues and three disulfide bridges. Bu8 selectively and potently inhibits depolarization-activated Ba2+ currents mediated by rat CaV2.2 expressed in HEK293T cells (IC50 = 89 nmol/L). Bu8 is two-fold more potent than ω-conotoxin MVIIA, a ω-conotoxin currently used for the treatment of severe chronic pain. It also displays potent analgesic activity in animal pain models of hot plate and acetic acid writhing but has fewer side effects on mouse motor function and lower toxicity in goldfish. Its lower side effects may be attributed to its faster binding rate and higher recovery ratios. The NMR structure demonstrates that Bu8 contains a small irregular triple β-strand. The structure-activity relationships of Bu8 Ala mutants and Bu8/MVIIA hybrid mutants demonstrate that the binding mode of CaV2.2 with the amino acid residues in loop 1 and loop 2 of Bu8 is different from that of MVIIA. This study characterizes a novel, more potent ω-conotoxin and provides new insights for designing CaV2.2 antagonists.
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Key Words
- Analgesic activity
- Bu8
- DIEA, diisopropylethylamine
- ESI-MS, electrospray ionization-mass spectroscopy
- Fmoc, N-(9-fluorenyl)methyloxy-carbonyl
- HBTU, 2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate
- HOBt, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
- IC50, half-maximal inhibitory concentration
- N-type calcium ion channel
- RP-HPLC, reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography
- Structure–activity relationship
- TFA, trifluoroacetic acid
- ω-conotoxin
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqin Chen
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xinhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological System, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuo Yu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Rongfang Chen
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhang
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological System, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Center for Magnetic Resonance, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel: +86 10 66948897.
| | - Qiuyun Dai
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
- Corresponding authors. Tel: +86 10 66948897.
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8
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Wu Y, Qiang Y, Zhang G, Zhou M. Acute toxicity and micronucleus test of conotoxin lt14a in mice. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 129:52-60. [PMID: 33742558 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Conotoxins, which target ion channels or neurotransmitter receptors with high specificity, are valuable in drug development for pain, epilepsy and other neurological diseases. However, the toxicology of conotoxins is rarely reported. In this study, we primarily researched parts of the pharmacological and toxicological properties of an analgesic conotoxin lt14a. Three doses of lt14a (1, 5 and 10 mg/kg) could prolong the pentobarbital-induced sleep time of mice and showed no significant effect on the spontaneous locomotor activity of mice. Three doses of lt14a (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) did not increase micronucleus rate in the micronucleus test. In addition, three doses of lt14a (200, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) showed no pathological change on the heart or brain of mice in the acute toxicity test. The high dose of lt14a (1000 times the effective analgesic dose) had a certain damaging effect on the liver and lung according to serological detection and histopathology. As part of the preclinical studies, our results provide acute toxicity and mutagenicity evaluation of the promising analgesic conotoxin lt14a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,National Engineering Research Center of South China Sea Marine Biotechnology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qiang
- National Engineering Research Center of South China Sea Marine Biotechnology, Guangzhou, China.,Ningxia Key Laboratory for Cerebrocranical Disease, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Guangxian Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of South China Sea Marine Biotechnology, Guangzhou, China.,China School of Fundamental Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maojun Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of South China Sea Marine Biotechnology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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9
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Discovery and characterization of the novel conotoxin Lv1d from Conus lividus that presents analgesic activity. Toxicon 2021; 194:70-78. [PMID: 33610632 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cone snails are predatory gastropod mollusks that are distributed in all tropical marine environments and contain small peptides (conotoxins) in their venom to capture prey. However, the biochemical and molecular aspects of conotoxins remain poorly understood. In this article, a novel α4/7-conotoxin, Lv1d, was obtained from the venom duct cDNA library of the worm-hunting Conus lividus collected from the South China Sea. The cDNA of Lv1c encodes a 65 residue conopeptide precursor, which consists of a 21 residue signal peptide, a 27 residue Pro region, and 17 residues of mature peptide. The mature peptide Lv1d was chemically synthesized according to the sequence GCCSDPPCRHKHQDLCG. It was found that 10 μM Lv1d can completely inhibit frog sciatic nerve-gastrocnemius muscle contractility within 60 min. Moreover, 100 μg/kg Lv1d showed good analgesic effects in mouse hot plate model and formalin test. Patch clamp experiments showed that 5 μM Lv1d can inhibit the cholinergic microexcitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) requency and amplitude of projection neurons in Drosophila. In conclusion, the synthesis of Lv1d and its biological and physiological data might contribute to the development of this peptide as a novel potential drug for therapeutic applications. This finding also expands the knowledge of the targeting mechanism of the α4/7-subfamily conotoxins.
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10
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Yousuf A, Sadeghi M, Adams DJ. Venom-Derived Peptides Inhibiting Voltage-Gated Sodium and Calcium Channels in Mammalian Sensory Neurons. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1349:3-19. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4254-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Reynaud S, Ciolek J, Degueldre M, Saez NJ, Sequeira AF, Duhoo Y, Brás JLA, Meudal H, Cabo Díez M, Fernández Pedrosa V, Verdenaud M, Boeri J, Pereira Ramos O, Ducancel F, Vanden Driessche M, Fourmy R, Violette A, Upert G, Mourier G, Beck-Sickinger AG, Mörl K, Landon C, Fontes CMGA, Miñambres Herráiz R, Rodríguez de la Vega RC, Peigneur S, Tytgat J, Quinton L, De Pauw E, Vincentelli R, Servent D, Gilles N. A Venomics Approach Coupled to High-Throughput Toxin Production Strategies Identifies the First Venom-Derived Melanocortin Receptor Agonists. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8250-8264. [PMID: 32602722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Animal venoms are rich in hundreds of toxins with extraordinary biological activities. Their exploitation is difficult due to their complexity and the small quantities of venom available from most venomous species. We developed a Venomics approach combining transcriptomic and proteomic characterization of 191 species and identified 20,206 venom toxin sequences. Two complementary production strategies based on solid-phase synthesis and recombinant expression in Escherichia coli generated a physical bank of 3597 toxins. Screened on hMC4R, this bank gave an incredible hit rate of 8%. Here, we focus on two novel toxins: N-TRTX-Preg1a, exhibiting an inhibitory cystine knot (ICK) motif, and N-BUTX-Ptr1a, a short scorpion-CSαβ structure. Neither N-TRTX-Preg1a nor N-BUTX-Ptr1a affects ion channels, the known targets of their toxin scaffolds, but binds to four melanocortin receptors with low micromolar affinities and activates the hMC1R/Gs pathway. Phylogenetically, these two toxins form new groups within their respective families and represent novel hMC1R agonists, structurally unrelated to the natural agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Reynaud
- Université Paris-Sud, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, Orsay 91405 France.,Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - Justyna Ciolek
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - Michel Degueldre
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Université de Liège, Allée du six Aout 11, Quartier Agora, Liege 4000 Belgium.,Department of Analytical Science Biologicals, UCB, Chemin du Foriest, Braine L'Alleud 1420 Belgium
| | - Natalie J Saez
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Campus de Luminy, Marseille 13288 France.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Ana Filipa Sequeira
- Universidade de Lisboa, CIISA - Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisboa 1300-477 Portugal.,NZYTech Lda, Genes & Enzymes, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Campus do Lumiar, Edifício E - R/C, Lisboa 1649-038 Portugal
| | - Yoan Duhoo
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Campus de Luminy, Marseille 13288 France.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Joana L A Brás
- Universidade de Lisboa, CIISA - Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisboa 1300-477 Portugal.,NZYTech Lda, Genes & Enzymes, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Campus do Lumiar, Edifício E - R/C, Lisboa 1649-038 Portugal
| | - Hervé Meudal
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071 France
| | - Miguel Cabo Díez
- Next-Generation Sequencing Laboratory, Sistemas Genómicos Ltd., Ronda de Guglielmo Marconi, 6, Paterna 46980 Spain
| | - Victoria Fernández Pedrosa
- Next-Generation Sequencing Laboratory, Sistemas Genómicos Ltd., Ronda de Guglielmo Marconi, 6, Paterna 46980 Spain
| | - Marion Verdenaud
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - Julia Boeri
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - Oscar Pereira Ramos
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - Frédéric Ducancel
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département IDMIT, 18 route du Panorama, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Margot Vanden Driessche
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - Rudy Fourmy
- Alphabiotoxine Laboratory sprl, Barberie 15, Montroeul-au-bois 7911 Belgium
| | - Aude Violette
- Alphabiotoxine Laboratory sprl, Barberie 15, Montroeul-au-bois 7911 Belgium
| | - Grégory Upert
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - Gilles Mourier
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | | | - Karin Mörl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Universitat Leipzig, Leipzig 04103 Germany
| | - Céline Landon
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, rue Charles Sadron, Orléans 45071 France
| | - Carlos M G A Fontes
- Universidade de Lisboa, CIISA - Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisboa 1300-477 Portugal.,NZYTech Lda, Genes & Enzymes, Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, Campus do Lumiar, Edifício E - R/C, Lisboa 1649-038 Portugal
| | - Rebeca Miñambres Herráiz
- Next-Generation Sequencing Laboratory, Sistemas Genómicos Ltd., Ronda de Guglielmo Marconi, 6, Paterna 46980 Spain
| | | | - Steve Peigneur
- Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000 Belgium
| | - Jan Tytgat
- Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000 Belgium
| | - Loïc Quinton
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Université de Liège, Allée du six Aout 11, Quartier Agora, Liege 4000 Belgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Université de Liège, Allée du six Aout 11, Quartier Agora, Liege 4000 Belgium
| | - Renaud Vincentelli
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques, Campus de Luminy, Marseille 13288 France
| | - Denis Servent
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
| | - Nicolas Gilles
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 France
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12
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Cardoso FC. Multi-targeting sodium and calcium channels using venom peptides for the treatment of complex ion channels-related diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 181:114107. [PMID: 32579958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Venom peptides are amongst the most exquisite group of bioactive molecules able to alter the normal physiology of organisms. These bioactive peptides penetrate tissues and blood vessels to encounter a number of receptors and ion channels to which they bind with high affinity and execute modulatory activities. Arachnid is the most diverse class of venomous animals often rich in peptides modulating voltage-gated sodium (NaV), calcium (CaV), and potassium (KV) channels. Spider venoms, in particular, contain potent and selective peptides targeting these channels, with a few displaying interesting multi-target properties for NaV and CaV channels underlying disease mechanisms such as in neuropathic pain, motor neuron disease and cancer. The elucidation of the pharmacology and structure-function properties of these venom peptides are invaluable for the development of effective drugs targeting NaV and CaV channels. This perspective discusses spider venom peptides displaying multi-target properties to modulate NaV and CaV channels in regard to their pharmacological features, structure-function relationships and potential to become the next generation of effective drugs to treat neurological disorders and other multi-ion channels related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda C Cardoso
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, 306 Carmody Rd., St Lucia, QLD AU 4072, Australia
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13
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Antunes FTT, Angelo SG, Dallegrave E, Picada JN, Marroni NP, Schemitt E, Ferraz AG, Gomez MV, de Souza AH. Recombinant peptide derived from the venom the Phoneutria nigriventer spider relieves nociception by nerve deafferentation. Neuropeptides 2020; 79:101980. [PMID: 31711615 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2019.101980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The avulsion of nerve roots of the brachial plexus that is commonly seen in motorcycle accidents is a type of neuropathy due to deafferentation. This type of pain is clinically challenging since therapeutical protocols fail or have severe side effects. Thus, it is proposed to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of the recombinant CTK 01512-2 peptide that is derived from the venom of the Phoneutria nigriventer spider, as a future new therapeutical option. The neuropathic pain was surgically induced by avulsion of the upper brachial plexus trunk in groups of male Wistar rats and after 17 days, they were treated intrathecally with morphine, ziconotide, and CTK 01512-2. Behavioral tests were performed to evaluate mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, cold allodynia, the functional activity of the front paw, and exploratory locomotion after the treatments. The peripheral blood samples were collected 6 h after the treatments and a comet assay was performed. The spinal cord was removed for the lipoperoxidation dosing of the membranes. The cerebrospinal fluid was analyzed for the dosage of glutamate. The recombinant peptide showed an antinociceptive effect when compared to the other drugs, without affecting the locomotor activity of the animals. Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, as well as cold allodynia, were reduced in the first hours of treatment. The levels of glutamate and the damage by membrane lipoperoxidation were shown to be improved, and genotoxicity was not demonstrated. In a scenario of therapeutical failures in the treatment of this type of pain, CTK 01512-2 was shown as a new effective alternative protocol. However, further testing is required to determine pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Tasmin Techera Antunes
- Program of Postgraduation in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Eliane Dallegrave
- Department of Pharmacoscience, University Federal of Science of Health of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nascimento Picada
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde and PPGGTA, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Norma Possa Marroni
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants, PPGBioSaúde and PPGGTA, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizangela Schemitt
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants, PPGBioSaúde and PPGGTA, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Alice Gomes Ferraz
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Gomez
- Nucleus of Postgraduation, Institute of Teaching and Research of Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Hubner de Souza
- Program of Postgraduation in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health (PPGBioSaúde), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil.
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14
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Jin AH, Muttenthaler M, Dutertre S, Himaya SWA, Kaas Q, Craik DJ, Lewis RJ, Alewood PF. Conotoxins: Chemistry and Biology. Chem Rev 2019; 119:11510-11549. [PMID: 31633928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The venom of the marine predatory cone snails (genus Conus) has evolved for prey capture and defense, providing the basis for survival and rapid diversification of the now estimated 750+ species. A typical Conus venom contains hundreds to thousands of bioactive peptides known as conotoxins. These mostly disulfide-rich and well-structured peptides act on a wide range of targets such as ion channels, G protein-coupled receptors, transporters, and enzymes. Conotoxins are of interest to neuroscientists as well as drug developers due to their exquisite potency and selectivity, not just against prey but also mammalian targets, thereby providing a rich source of molecular probes and therapeutic leads. The rise of integrated venomics has accelerated conotoxin discovery with now well over 10,000 conotoxin sequences published. However, their structural and pharmacological characterization lags considerably behind. In this review, we highlight the diversity of new conotoxins uncovered since 2014, their three-dimensional structures and folds, novel chemical approaches to their syntheses, and their value as pharmacological tools to unravel complex biology. Additionally, we discuss challenges and future directions for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Hua Jin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Vienna , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Sebastien Dutertre
- Département des Acides Amines, Peptides et Protéines, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5247, Université Montpellier 2-Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique , Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron , Place Eugène Bataillon , 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 , France
| | - S W A Himaya
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Quentin Kaas
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
| | - Paul F Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane Queensland 4072 , Australia
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15
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Yu S, Li Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Tao X, Dai Q, Wang Y, Li S, Dong M. TAT-Modified ω-Conotoxin MVIIA for Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17050286. [PMID: 31083641 PMCID: PMC6562543 DOI: 10.3390/md17050286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As the first in a new class of non-opioid drugs, ω-Conotoxin MVIIA was approved for the management of severe chronic pains in patients who are unresponsive to opioid therapy. Unfortunately, clinical application of MVIIA is severely limited due to its poor ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), reaching the central nervous system (CNS). In the present study, we have attempted to increase MVIIA’s ability to cross the BBB via a fusion protein strategy. Our results showed that when the TAT-transducing domain was fused to the MVIIA C-terminal with a linker of varied numbers of glycine, the MVIIA-TAT fusion peptide exhibited remarkable ability to cross the bio-membranes. Most importantly, both intravenous and intranasal administrations of MVIIA-TAT in vivo showed therapeutic efficacy of analgesia. Compared to the analgesic effects of intracerebral administration of the nascent MVIIA, these systemic administrations of MVIIA-TAT require higher doses, but have much prolonged effects. Taken together, our results showed that TAT conjugation of MVIIA not only enables its peripheral administration, but also maintains its analgesic efficiency with a prolonged effective time window. Intranasal administration also rendered the MVIIA-TAT advantages of easy applications with potentially reduced side effects. Our results may present an alternative strategy to improve the CNS accessibility for neural active peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yu
- Department of Protein Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Yumeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Jinqin Chen
- Department of Protein Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Protein Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Xinling Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Qiuyun Dai
- Department of Protein Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Yutian Wang
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health and Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.
- Campbell Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada.
| | - Mingxin Dong
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Street, Qingdao 266021, China.
- Department of Protein Engineering, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
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16
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Mansbach RA, Travers T, McMahon BH, Fair JM, Gnanakaran S. Snails In Silico: A Review of Computational Studies on the Conopeptides. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E145. [PMID: 30832207 PMCID: PMC6471681 DOI: 10.3390/md17030145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine cone snails are carnivorous gastropods that use peptide toxins called conopeptides both as a defense mechanism and as a means to immobilize and kill their prey. These peptide toxins exhibit a large chemical diversity that enables exquisite specificity and potency for target receptor proteins. This diversity arises in terms of variations both in amino acid sequence and length, and in posttranslational modifications, particularly the formation of multiple disulfide linkages. Most of the functionally characterized conopeptides target ion channels of animal nervous systems, which has led to research on their therapeutic applications. Many facets of the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the specificity and virulence of conopeptides, however, remain poorly understood. In this review, we will explore the chemical diversity of conopeptides from a computational perspective. First, we discuss current approaches used for classifying conopeptides. Next, we review different computational strategies that have been applied to understanding and predicting their structure and function, from machine learning techniques for predictive classification to docking studies and molecular dynamics simulations for molecular-level understanding. We then review recent novel computational approaches for rapid high-throughput screening and chemical design of conopeptides for particular applications. We close with an assessment of the state of the field, emphasizing important questions for future lines of inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael A Mansbach
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - Timothy Travers
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - Benjamin H McMahon
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - Jeanne M Fair
- Biosecurity and Public Health Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - S Gnanakaran
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
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17
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Dallegrave E, Taschetto E, Bainy Leal M, Techera Antunes FT, Gomez MV, Hubner de Souza A. Acute Toxicity of the Recombinant and Native Phα1β Toxin: New Analgesic from Phoneutria nigriventer Spider Venom. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10120531. [PMID: 30545036 PMCID: PMC6315920 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10120531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phα1β, a purified peptide from the venom of the spider Phoneutria nigriventer, and its recombinant form CTK 01512-2 are voltage-dependent calcium channel (CaV) blockers of types N, R, P/Q, and L with a preference for type N. These peptides show analgesic action in different pain models in rats. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute intrathecal toxicity of the native and recombinant Phα1β toxin in Wistar rats. Clinical signs, serum biochemistry, organ weight, and histopathological alterations were evaluated in male and/or female rats. Dyspnea was observed in males, hyporesponsiveness in females, and Straub tail and tremors in both genders. There were no significant differences in male organ weight, although significant differences in the female relative weight of the adrenal glands and spleen have been observed; these values are within the normal range. Serum biochemical data revealed a significant reduction within the physiological limits of species related to urea, ALT, AST, and FA. Hepatic and renal congestion were observed for toxin groups. In renal tissue, glomerular infiltrates were observed with increased glomerular space. These histological alterations were presented in focal areas and in mild degree. Therefore, Phα1β and CTK 01512-2 presented a good safety profile with transient toxicity clinical signals in doses higher than used to obtain the analgesic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Dallegrave
- Department of Pharmacosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-170 Brazil.
| | - Eliane Taschetto
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Applied Toxicology, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, RS 92425⁻900, Brazil.
| | - Mirna Bainy Leal
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90050-17, Brazil.
| | - Flavia Tasmim Techera Antunes
- Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied of Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, RS 92425⁻900, Brazil.
| | - Marcus Vinicius Gomez
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences: Medicine and Biomedicine, Institute of Education and Research, Grupo Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG 30150-240, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Hubner de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Applied Toxicology, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, RS 92425⁻900, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied of Health, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, RS 92425⁻900, Brazil.
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18
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Dong M, Wang F, Yan Z, Yu S, Wei J, Wu Q, Liu Z, Tang Y, Ding J, Dai Q. Structure-Activity Analysis of N-Type Calcium Channel Inhibitor SO-3. Biochemistry 2018; 57:6349-6355. [PMID: 30281282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As an ω-conopeptide originally discovered from Conus striatus, SO-3 contains 25 amino acid residues and three disulfide bridges. Our previous study has shown that this peptide possesses potent analgesic activity in rodent pain models (mouse and rat), and it specifically inhibits an N-type calcium ion channel (Cav2.2). In the study presented here, we investigated the key amino acid residues for their inhibitory activity against Cav2.2 expressed in HEK 293 cells and analgesic activity in mice. To improve the inhibitory activity of SO-3, we also evaluated the effects of some amino acid residues derived from the corresponding residues of ω-peptide MVIIA, CVID, or GVIA. Our data reveal that Lys6, Ile11, and Asn14 are the important functional amino acid residues for SO-3. The replacement of some amino acid residues of SO-3 in loop 1 with the corresponding residues of CVID and GVIA improved the inhibitory activity of SO-3. The binding mode of Cav2.2 with SO-3 amino acids in loop 1 and loop 2 may be somewhat different from that of MVIIA. This study expanded our knowledge of the structure-activity relationship of ω-peptides and provided a new strategy for improving the potency of Cav2.2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxing Dong
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Beijing 100071 , China
| | - Fei Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Beijing 100071 , China
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Shuo Yu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Beijing 100071 , China
| | - Juanjuan Wei
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Beijing 100071 , China
| | - Qiaoling Wu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Beijing 100071 , China
| | - Zhuguo Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Beijing 100071 , China
| | - Yifei Tang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Beijing 100071 , China
| | - Jiuping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074 , China
| | - Qiuyun Dai
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology , Beijing 100071 , China
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19
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Cai F, Xu N, Liu Z, Ding R, Yu S, Dong M, Wang S, Shen J, Tae HS, Adams DJ, Zhang X, Dai Q. Targeting of N-Type Calcium Channels via GABAB-Receptor Activation by α-Conotoxin Vc1.1 Variants Displaying Improved Analgesic Activity. J Med Chem 2018; 61:10198-10205. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengtao Cai
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zhuguo Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Rong Ding
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Shuo Yu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Mingxin Dong
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jintao Shen
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Han-Shen Tae
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - David J. Adams
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Xuerong Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qiuyun Dai
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China
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20
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Oliveira KM, Binda NS, Lavor MSL, Silva CMO, Rosado IR, Gabellini ELA, Da Silva JF, Oliveira CM, Melo MM, Gomez MV, Melo EG. Conotoxin MVIIA improves cell viability and antioxidant system after spinal cord injury in rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204948. [PMID: 30286181 PMCID: PMC6171875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates whether intrathecal MVIIA injection after spinal cord injury (SCI) elicits neuroprotective effects. The test rats were randomly distributed into six groups— sham, placebo, MVIIA 2.5 μM, MVIIA 5 μM, MVIIA 10 μM, and MVIIA 20 μM—and were administered the treatment four hours after SCI. After the optimal MVIIA dose (MVIIA 10 μM) was defined, the best time for application, one or four hours, was analyzed. Locomotor hind limb function and side effects were assessed. Forty-eight hours after the injury and immediately after euthanasia, spinal cord segments were removed from the test rats. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and glutamate release were investigated. To examine the MVIIA mechanism of action, the gene expressions of pro-apoptotic (Bax, nNOS, and caspase-3, -8, -9, -12) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-xl) factors in the spinal cord tissue samples were determined by real-time PCR, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were also investigated. Application of intrathecal MVIIA 10 μM four hours after SCI prompted a neuroprotective effect: neuronal death decreased (22.46%), oxidative stress diminished, pro-apoptotic factors (Bax, nNOS, and caspase-3, -8) were expressed to a lesser extent, and mitochondrial viability as well as anti-apoptotic factor (Bcl-xl) expression increased. These results suggested that MVIIA provided neuroprotection through antioxidant effects. Indeed, superoxide dismutase (188.41%), and glutathione peroxidase (199.96%), reductase (193.86%), and transferase (175.93%) expressions increased. Therefore, intrathecal MVIIA (MVIIA 10 μM, 4 h) application has neuroprotective potential, and the possible mechanisms are related to antioxidant agent modulation and to intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M. Oliveira
- Clinical and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Minas Gerais Federal University, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Nancy S. Binda
- Laboratory of Toxins, Institute of Education and Research, Santa Casa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mário Sérgio L. Lavor
- Department of Agrarian and Environmental Sciences, Santa Cruz State University, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carla M. O. Silva
- Clinical and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Minas Gerais Federal University, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabel R. Rosado
- Veterinary Medicine Department, Uberaba University, Uberada, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana F. Da Silva
- Laboratory of Toxins, Institute of Education and Research, Santa Casa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marília M. Melo
- Clinical and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Minas Gerais Federal University, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Gomez
- Laboratory of Toxins, Institute of Education and Research, Santa Casa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eliane G. Melo
- Clinical and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Minas Gerais Federal University, Campus Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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21
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Chen J, Liang L, Ning H, Cai F, Liu Z, Zhang L, Zhou L, Dai Q. Cloning, Synthesis and Functional Characterization of a Novel α-Conotoxin Lt1.3. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16040112. [PMID: 29614714 PMCID: PMC5923399 DOI: 10.3390/md16040112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Conotoxins (α-CTxs) are small peptides composed of 11 to 20 amino acid residues with two disulfide bridges. Most of them potently and selectively target nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes, and a few were found to inhibit the GABAB receptor (GABABR)-coupled N-type calcium channels (Cav2.2). However, in all of α-CTxs targeting both receptors, the disulfide connectivity arrangement "C¹-C³, C²-C⁴" is present. In this work, a novel α4/7-CTx named Lt1.3 (GCCSHPACSGNNPYFC-NH₂) was cloned from the venom ducts of Conus litteratus (C. litteratus) in the South China Sea. Lt1.3 was then chemically synthesized and two isomers with disulfide bridges "C¹-C³, C²-C⁴" and "C¹-C⁴, C²-C³" were found and functionally characterized. Electrophysiological experiments showed that Lt1.3 containing the common disulfide bridges "C¹-C³, C²-C⁴" potently and selectively inhibited α3β2 nAChRs and not GABABR-coupled Cav2.2. Surprisingly, but the isomer with the disulfide bridges "C¹-C⁴, C²-C³" showed exactly the opposite inhibitory activity, inhibiting only GABABR-coupled Cav2.2 and not α3β2 nAChRs. These findings expand the knowledge of the targets and selectivity of α-CTxs and provide a new structural motif to inhibit the GABABR-coupled Cav2.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqin Chen
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 236041, China.
| | - Li Liang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Huying Ning
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Fengtao Cai
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Zhuguo Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Longxiao Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Liangyi Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
| | - Qiuyun Dai
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China.
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22
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Gonçalves TC, Boukaiba R, Molgó J, Amar M, Partiseti M, Servent D, Benoit E. Direct evidence for high affinity blockade of Na V1.6 channel subtype by huwentoxin-IV spider peptide, using multiscale functional approaches. Neuropharmacology 2018; 133:404-414. [PMID: 29474819 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Chinese bird spider huwentoxin-IV (HwTx-IV) is well-known to be a highly potent blocker of NaV1.7 subtype of voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels, a genetically validated analgesic target, and thus promising as a potential lead molecule for the development of novel pain therapeutics. In the present study, the interaction between HwTx-IV and NaV1.6 channel subtype was investigated using multiscale (from in vivo to individual cell) functional approaches. HwTx-IV was approximatively 2 times more efficient than tetrodotoxin (TTX) to inhibit the compound muscle action potential recorded from the mouse skeletal neuromuscular system in vivo, and 30 times more effective to inhibit nerve-evoked than directly-elicited muscle contractile force of isolated mouse hemidiaphragms. These results strongly suggest that the inhibition of nerve-evoked skeletal muscle functioning, produced by HwTx-IV, resulted from a toxin-induced preferential blockade of NaV1.6, compared to NaV1.4, channel subtype. This was confirmed by whole-cell automated patch-clamp experiments performed on human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells overexpressing hNaV1.1-1.8 channel subtypes. HwTx-IV was also approximatively 850 times more efficient to inhibit TTX-sensitive than TTX-resistant sodium currents recorded from mouse dorsal root ganglia neurons. Finally, based on our data, we predict that blockade of the NaV1.6 channel subtype was involved in the in vivo toxicity of HwTx-IV, although this toxicity was more than 2 times lower than that of TTX. In conclusion, our results provide detailed information regarding the effects of HwTx-IV and allow a better understanding of the side-effect mechanisms involved in vivo and of channel subtype interactions resulting from the toxin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia C Gonçalves
- Sanofi R & D, Integrated Drug Discovery, In Vitro Biology & Pharmacology, F-94440, Vitry-sur-Seine, France; Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Rachid Boukaiba
- Sanofi R & D, Integrated Drug Discovery, In Vitro Biology & Pharmacology, F-94440, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jordi Molgó
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France; Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro-PSI), UMR CNRS/Université Paris-Sud 9197, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Muriel Amar
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Michel Partiseti
- Sanofi R & D, Integrated Drug Discovery, In Vitro Biology & Pharmacology, F-94440, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Denis Servent
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Evelyne Benoit
- Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire des Protéines (SIMOPRO), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France; Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (Neuro-PSI), UMR CNRS/Université Paris-Sud 9197, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198, Gif sur Yvette, France.
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A novel α-conopeptide Eu1.6 inhibits N-type (Ca V2.2) calcium channels and exhibits potent analgesic activity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1004. [PMID: 29343689 PMCID: PMC5772529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We here describe a novel α-conopeptide, Eu1.6 from Conus eburneus, which exhibits strong anti-nociceptive activity by an unexpected mechanism of action. Unlike other α-conopeptides that largely target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), Eu1.6 displayed only weak inhibitory activity at the α3β4 and α7 nAChR subtypes and TTX-resistant sodium channels, and no activity at TTX-sensitive sodium channels in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, or opiate receptors, VR1, KCNQ1, L- and T-type calcium channels expressed in HEK293 cells. However, Eu1.6 inhibited high voltage-activated N-type calcium channel currents in isolated mouse DRG neurons which was independent of GABAB receptor activation. In HEK293 cells expressing CaV2.2 channels alone, Eu1.6 reversibly inhibited depolarization-activated Ba2+ currents in a voltage- and state-dependent manner. Inhibition of CaV2.2 by Eu1.6 was concentration-dependent (IC50 ~1 nM). Significantly, systemic administration of Eu1.6 at doses of 2.5–5.0 μg/kg exhibited potent analgesic activities in rat partial sciatic nerve injury and chronic constriction injury pain models. Furthermore, Eu1.6 had no significant side-effect on spontaneous locomotor activity, cardiac and respiratory function, and drug dependence in mice. These findings suggest α-conopeptide Eu1.6 is a potent analgesic for the treatment of neuropathic and chronic pain and opens a novel option for future analgesic drug design.
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Conotoxins as Tools to Understand the Physiological Function of Voltage-Gated Calcium (Ca V) Channels. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15100313. [PMID: 29027927 PMCID: PMC5666421 DOI: 10.3390/md15100313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels are widely expressed and are essential for the completion of multiple physiological processes. Close regulation of their activity by specific inhibitors and agonists become fundamental to understand their role in cellular homeostasis as well as in human tissues and organs. CaV channels are divided into two groups depending on the membrane potential required to activate them: High-voltage activated (HVA, CaV1.1–1.4; CaV2.1–2.3) and Low-voltage activated (LVA, CaV3.1–3.3). HVA channels are highly expressed in brain (neurons), heart, and adrenal medulla (chromaffin cells), among others, and are also classified into subtypes which can be distinguished using pharmacological approaches. Cone snails are marine gastropods that capture their prey by injecting venom, “conopeptides”, which cause paralysis in a few seconds. A subset of conopeptides called conotoxins are relatively small polypeptides, rich in disulfide bonds, that target ion channels, transporters and receptors localized at the neuromuscular system of the animal target. In this review, we describe the structure and properties of conotoxins that selectively block HVA calcium channels. We compare their potency on several HVA channel subtypes, emphasizing neuronal calcium channels. Lastly, we analyze recent advances in the therapeutic use of conotoxins for medical treatments.
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Sensitive Detection of α-Conotoxin GI in Human Plasma Using a Solid-Phase Extraction Column and LC-MS/MS. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9080235. [PMID: 28788055 PMCID: PMC5577569 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9080235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
α-conotoxin GI, a short peptide toxin in the venom of Conus geographus, is composed of 13 amino acids and two disulfide bonds. It is the most toxic component of Conus geographus venom with estimated lethal doses of 0.029–0.038 mg/kg for humans. There is currently no reported analytical method for this toxin. In the present study, a sensitive detection method was developed to quantify GI in human plasma using a solid-phase extraction (SPE) column (polystyrene–divinyl benzene copolymer) combined with liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The plasma samples were treated with a protein precipitating solvent (methanol: acetonitrile = 50:50, v/v). GI in the solvent was efficiently extracted with an SPE column and was further separated by a Grace Alltima HP C18 (50 × 2.1 mm, 5 μm) column at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Water (with 2% methanol) acetonitrile (with 0.1% acetic acid) was selected as the mobile phase combination used in a linear gradient system. α-Conotoxin GI was analyzed by an API 4000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. In the method validation, the linear calibration curve in the range of 2.0 to 300.0 ng/mL had correlation coefficients (r) above 0.996. The recovery was 57.6–66.8% for GI and the internal standard. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 2 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-batch precisions were below 6.31% and 8.61%, respectively, and the accuracies were all within acceptance. GI was stable in a bench-top autosampler through long-term storage and freeze/thaw cycles. Therefore, this method is specific, sensitive and reliable for quantitative analysis of α-conotoxin GI in human plasma.
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26
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McArthur JR, Motin L, Gleeson EC, Spiller S, Lewis RJ, Duggan PJ, Tuck KL, Adams DJ. Inhibition of human N- and T-type calcium channels by an ortho-phenoxyanilide derivative, MONIRO-1. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:2284-2295. [PMID: 28608537 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Voltage-gated calcium channels are involved in nociception in the CNS and in the periphery. N-type (Cav 2.2) and T-type (Cav 3.1, Cav 3.2 and Cav 3.3) voltage-gated calcium channels are particularly important in studying and treating pain and epilepsy. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In this study, whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology was used to assess the potency and mechanism of action of a novel ortho-phenoxylanilide derivative, MONIRO-1, against a panel of voltage-gated calcium channels including Cav 1.2, Cav 1.3, Cav 2.1, Cav 2.2, Cav 2.3, Cav 3.1, Cav 3.2 and Cav 3.3. KEY RESULTS MONIRO-1 was 5- to 20-fold more potent at inhibiting human T-type calcium channels, hCav 3.1, hCav 3.2 and hCav 3.3 (IC50 : 3.3 ± 0.3, 1.7 ± 0.1 and 7.2 ± 0.3 μM, respectively) than N-type calcium channel, hCav 2.2 (IC50 : 34.0 ± 3.6 μM). It interacted with L-type calcium channels Cav 1.2 and Cav 1.3 with significantly lower potency (IC50 > 100 μM) and did not inhibit hCav 2.1 or hCav 2.3 channels at concentrations as high as 100 μM. State- and use-dependent inhibition of hCav 2.2 channels was observed, whereas stronger inhibition occurred at high stimulation frequencies for hCav 3.1 channels suggesting a different mode of action between these two channels. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Selectivity, potency, reversibility and multi-modal effects distinguish MONIRO-1 from other low MW inhibitors acting on Cav channels involved in pain and/or epilepsy pathways. High-frequency firing increased the affinity for MONIRO-1 for both hCav 2.2 and hCav 3.1 channels. Such Cav channel modulators have potential clinical use in the treatment of epilepsies, neuropathic pain and other nociceptive pathophysiologies. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R McArthur
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Leonid Motin
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ellen C Gleeson
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC, Australia.,School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sandro Spiller
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter J Duggan
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC, Australia.,School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Kellie L Tuck
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - David J Adams
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Health Innovations Research Institute, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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27
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Bourinet E, Zamponi GW. Block of voltage-gated calcium channels by peptide toxins. Neuropharmacology 2016; 127:109-115. [PMID: 27756538 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Venoms from various predatory species, such as fish hunting molluscs scorpions, snakes and arachnids contain a large spectrum of toxins that include blockers of voltage-gated calcium channels. These peptide blockers act by two principal manners - physical occlusion of the pore and prevention of activation gating. Many of the calcium channel-blocking peptides have evolved to tightly occupy their binding pocket on the principal pore forming subunit of the channel, often rendering block poorly reversible. Moreover, several of the best characterized blocking peptides have developed a high degree of channel subtype selectivity. Here we give an overview of different types of calcium channel-blocking toxins, their mechanism of action, channel subtype specificity, and potential use as therapeutic agents. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Venom-derived Peptides as Pharmacological Tools.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Bourinet
- Institute for Functional Genomics, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U1191, University of Montpellier, LABEX ICST, Montpellier, France
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
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28
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Yu S, Du T, Liu Z, Wu Q, Feng G, Dong M, Zhou X, Jiang L, Dai Q. Im10A, a short conopeptide isolated from Conus imperialis and possesses two highly concentrated disulfide bridges and analgesic activity. Peptides 2016; 81:15-20. [PMID: 27131596 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we isolated, synthesized and NMR structurally characterized a novel conopeptide Im10A consisting of 11 amino acids (NTICCEGCMCY-NH2) from Conus imperialis. Unlike other conopeptides with four cysteine residues, Im10A had only two residues in loop 1 and one residue in loop 2 (CC-loop1-C-loop2-C), which formed a stable disulfide connectivity "I-IV, II- III" (framework X) with a type I β-turn. Interestingly, Im10A exhibited 50.7% analgesic activity on rat partial sciatic nerve ligation (PNL) at 2h after Im10A administration. However, 10μM Im10A exhibited no apparent effect on neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and it did not target DRG voltage-dependent sodium, potassium and calcium ion channels and opioid receptor. To our knowledge, Im10A had the most concentrated disulfide bridges among conopeptides with four cysteine residues. This finding provided a new motif for the future development of biomimetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 10071, PR China
| | - Tianpeng Du
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Zhuguo Liu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 10071, PR China
| | - Qiaoling Wu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 10071, PR China
| | - Guixue Feng
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 10071, PR China
| | - Mingxin Dong
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 10071, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 10071, PR China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
| | - Qiuyun Dai
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 10071, PR China.
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