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Hu J, Fu J, Cai Y, Chen S, Qu M, Zhang L, Fan W, Wang Z, Zeng Q, Zou J. Bioinformatics and systems biology approach to identify the pathogenetic link of neurological pain and major depressive disorder. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2024; 249:10129. [PMID: 38993198 PMCID: PMC11236560 DOI: 10.3389/ebm.2024.10129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurological pain (NP) is always accompanied by symptoms of depression, which seriously affects physical and mental health. In this study, we identified the common hub genes (Co-hub genes) and related immune cells of NP and major depressive disorder (MDD) to determine whether they have common pathological and molecular mechanisms. NP and MDD expression data was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Common differentially expressed genes (Co-DEGs) for NP and MDD were extracted and the hub genes and hub nodes were mined. Co-DEGs, hub genes, and hub nodes were analyzed for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment. Finally, the hub nodes, and genes were analyzed to obtain Co-hub genes. We plotted Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to evaluate the diagnostic impact of the Co-hub genes on MDD and NP. We also identified the immune-infiltrating cell component by ssGSEA and analyzed the relationship. For the GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, 93 Co-DEGs were associated with biological processes (BP), such as fibrinolysis, cell composition (CC), such as tertiary granules, and pathways, such as complement, and coagulation cascades. A differential gene expression analysis revealed significant differences between the Co-hub genes ANGPT2, MMP9, PLAU, and TIMP2. There was some accuracy in the diagnosis of NP based on the expression of ANGPT2 and MMP9. Analysis of differences in the immune cell components indicated an abundance of activated dendritic cells, effector memory CD8+ T cells, memory B cells, and regulatory T cells in both groups, which were statistically significant. In summary, we identified 6 Co-hub genes and 4 immune cell types related to NP and MDD. Further studies are needed to determine the role of these genes and immune cells as potential diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets in NP and MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuxin Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuping Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjian Qu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Rehabilitation Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
| | - Weichao Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zeng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jihua Zou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Gromova OA, Torshin IY. [Systematic analysis of the results of fundamental and clinical studies of ethifoxin]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:65-73. [PMID: 37315244 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312305165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The main pharmacological use of etifoxine is the treatment of psychosomatic manifestations of anxiety. The purpose of this work is a systematic analysis of fundamental and clinical studies of etifoxine. In addition to the anxiolytic effect, which partially persists even after discontinuation of therapy, etifoxine is characterized by analgesic, neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties. Such a pharmacological profile of etifoxine is due not only to the activation of GABA receptors, but also to the effect on the levels of neurosteroids in the blood and in the brain. Modulation by etifoxine of neurosteroids' metabolism contributes to the manifestation of anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and other properties of etifoxine.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Gromova
- Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control», Moscow, Russian
| | - I Yu Torshin
- Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control», Moscow, Russian
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Yoshizawa K, Ukai S, Kuroda J, Yamauchi T, Yamada D, Saitoh A, Iriyama S, Nishino S, Miyazaki S. Alfaxalone improved in acute stress-induced tactile hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behavior in mice. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2022; 42:213-217. [PMID: 35118831 PMCID: PMC9216362 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress has been shown to affect brain activity and exert potent and complex modulatory effects on pain. Several behavioral tests have shown that acute stress produces hyperalgesia, depending on the stress conditions. In the present study, we investigated the effects of single restraint stress on the tactile threshold and anxiety sensitivity in mice. Mice were evaluated for the tactile threshold using von Frey filaments and for anxiety sensitivity using the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Tactile thresholds were lowered by both 2 and 4 hour of restraint stress, but anxiety-like behaviors were observed only after 4 hour of restraint stress in the EPM test. In addition, we found that alfaxalone, which is a positive allosteric modulator of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor, prevented restraint stress-induced hyperalgesia-like and anxiety-like behaviors. These results indicate that GABAergic function appears to be critical in the regulation of physical stress-induced hyperalgesia and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Yoshizawa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Saki Ukai
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Junpei Kuroda
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsugumi Yamauchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamada
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Saitoh
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iriyama
- Laboratory of Quantum Information Dynamics, Department of Information Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Satoru Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Department of Medical and Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
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Ghorbanzadeh H, Mohebkhodaei P, Nematizadeh M, Rahimi N, Rafeiean M, Ghasemi M, Dehpour AR. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of modafinil in a mouse model of neuropathic pain: A role for nitrergic and serotonergic pathways. Neurol Res 2021; 44:390-402. [PMID: 34706635 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2021.1992102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of modafinil on neuropathic pain induced by sciatic nerve cuffing in mice, and possible contribution of nitrergic/inflammatory and serotonergic systems. METHODS Neuropathic pain was induced by applying a polyethylene cuff around the left sciatic nerve. Seven days later, mice received modafinil (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg; intraperitoneal [i.p.]) and morphine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) as control. Mice also received pretreatments of the nonselective nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NAME, the selective neuronal NOS inhibitor 7-nitroindazole, the selective inducible NOS inhibitor aminoguanidine, and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram before modafinil (100 mg/kg). von Frey test was used to evaluate mechanical allodynia. Additionally, sciatic nerves were collected for histopathological analysis. Tissue levels of NO metabolites, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 were assessed. RESULTS Animals whose sciatic nerves were cuffed had a significantly (P<0.001) decreased paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) compared with the sham-operated group. Modafinil (100 mg/kg) and morphine significantly reversed PWT (P<0.001). Pretreatments with L-NAME, 7-nitroindazole, aminoguanidine, and citalopram in different groups markedly reversed analgesic effects of modafinil. Tissue homogenates of Cuffed sciatic nerves showed significantly higher levels of NO metabolites, TNF-α and IL-6 (P<0.001). Modafinil lowered NO metabolites, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels (P<0.001). Histopathology illustrated marked axonal degeneration and shrinkage in the cuffed sciatic nerve, which were improved in the modafinil-treated group. CONCLUSIONS Modafinil exerts analgesic and neuroprotective effects in cuff-induced neuropathic mice via possible involvement of the nitrergic/inflammatory and serotonergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Ghorbanzadeh
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parastoo Mohebkhodaei
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Nematizadeh
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Rahimi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Rafeiean
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ghasemi
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ahmad R Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gazzo G, Salgado Ferrer M, Poisbeau P. The non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic etifoxine limits mechanical allodynia and anxiety-like symptoms in a mouse model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248092. [PMID: 34351930 PMCID: PMC8341594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 450 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes, or 1 in 11 people. Chronic hyperglycemia degrades patients’ quality of life and the development of neuropathic pain contributes to the burden of this disease. In this study, we used the mouse model of streptozocin-induced diabetic type 1 neuropathy to assess the analgesic potential of etifoxine. Etifoxine is a prescribed anxiolytic that increases GABAAA receptor function through a direct positive allosteric modulation effect and, indirectly, by stimulating the production of endogenous GABAA receptor positive modulators such as allopregnanolone-type neurosteroids. We show that a post-symptomatic or preventive treatment strongly and durably reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and anxiety in diabetic neuropathic mice. This analgesic and neuroprotective effect on painful symptoms and emotional comorbidities is promising and should now be clinically evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Gazzo
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience (INCI), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marlene Salgado Ferrer
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience (INCI), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierrick Poisbeau
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institute for Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience (INCI), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
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