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Niepokny TD, Mintz EM. A Cannabinoid Receptor 1 Agonist Reduces Light-induced Phase Delays in Male But Not Female Mice. J Biol Rhythms 2023:7487304231166785. [PMID: 37190758 PMCID: PMC10330025 DOI: 10.1177/07487304231166785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Animals adapt to a changing environment by synchronizing their circadian rhythms to different stimuli, the strongest and most reliable being the daily light-dark cycle. Photic information reaches the central circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which drives rhythms in physiology and behavior throughout the brain and body. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a neuromodulatory system that is present within the SCN, including the primary receptor, cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1). Exogenous cannabinoids that target CB1 inhibit the phase-shifting effects of light in hamsters, mice, and rats. Furthermore, there is evidence in cultured microglial cells that cannabidiol (CBD), a constituent of Cannabis sativa, alters core circadian clock genes, while the CB1 agonist delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) does not. The CB1 agonist studies were conducted using male animals only, but cannabinoids exhibit sex-dependent effects in various aspects of physiology and behavior. In addition, the effects of CBD on circadian behavioral rhythms have yet to be investigated. Therefore, we decided to test the effects of acute injections of CBD or the CB1 agonist CP 55,940 on light-induced phase delays in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Animals received a single injection at circadian time (CT) 15.5, followed by a 10-min light or dark (sham) pulse at CT 16. Running-wheel activity was monitored to determine activity levels and the behavioral phase shifts from different treatments. We observed a sex difference in the magnitude of phase delay size in response to CP 55,940 administration. Males had attenuated phase delays with increasing doses of CP 55,940, while females did not differ from control. Various doses of CBD had no effect on the phase-delaying effects of light in either sex. Our results show a sex difference in the gating of photic phase shifts by CB1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Niepokny
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, and Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Eric M Mintz
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, and Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
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2
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Bainbridge MN, Mazumder A, Ogasawara D, Abou Jamra R, Bernard G, Bertini E, Burglen L, Cope H, Crawford A, Derksen A, Dure L, Gantz E, Koch-Hogrebe M, Hurst ACE, Mahida S, Marshall P, Micalizzi A, Novelli A, Peng H, Rodriguez D, Robbins SL, Rutledge SL, Scalise R, Schließke S, Shashi V, Srivastava S, Thiffault I, Topol S, Qebibo L, Wieczorek D, Cravatt B, Haricharan S, Torkamani A, Friedman J. Endocannabinoid dysfunction in neurological disease: neuro-ocular DAGLA-related syndrome. Brain 2022; 145:3383-3390. [PMID: 35737950 PMCID: PMC9586540 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system is a highly conserved and ubiquitous signalling pathway with broad-ranging effects. Despite critical pathway functions, gene variants have not previously been conclusively linked to human disease. We identified nine children from eight families with heterozygous, de novo truncating variants in the last exon of DAGLA with a neuro-ocular phenotype characterized by developmental delay, ataxia and complex oculomotor abnormality. All children displayed paroxysms of nystagmus or eye deviation accompanied by compensatory head posture and worsened incoordination most frequently after waking. RNA sequencing showed clear expression of the truncated transcript and no differences were found between mutant and wild-type DAGLA activity. Immunofluorescence staining of patient-derived fibroblasts and HEK cells expressing the mutant protein showed distinct perinuclear aggregation not detected in control samples. This report establishes truncating variants in the last DAGLA exon as the cause of a unique paediatric syndrome. Because enzymatic activity was preserved, the observed mislocalization of the truncated protein may account for the observed phenotype. Potential mechanisms include DAGLA haploinsufficiency at the plasma membrane or dominant negative effect. To our knowledge, this is the first report directly linking an endocannabinoid system component with human genetic disease and sets the stage for potential future therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Bainbridge
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine (RCIGM), San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Aloran Mazumder
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Daisuke Ogasawara
- The Scripps Research Translational Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rami Abou Jamra
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Geneviève Bernard
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Department Specialized Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences 'Bambino Gesu' Children's Research Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lydie Burglen
- Centre de Référence Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Département de génétique, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France.,Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France
| | - Heidi Cope
- Department of Pediatrics, Division Medical Genetics Durham, Duke University Medical Center, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Alexa Derksen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Leon Dure
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Emily Gantz
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | | | - Anna C E Hurst
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Sonal Mahida
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paige Marshall
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alessia Micalizzi
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Hongfan Peng
- The Scripps Research Translational Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Diana Rodriguez
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR 1141, AP-HP.SU, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet & Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Shira L Robbins
- Ratner Children's Eye Center at the Shiley Eye Institute; Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - S Lane Rutledge
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Roberta Scalise
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy.,Tuscan PhD Program of Neuroscience, University of Florence, Pisa and Siena, Florence, Italy
| | - Sophia Schließke
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Leipzig, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Vandana Shashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division Medical Genetics Durham, Duke University Medical Center, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Isabella Thiffault
- Genomic Medicine Center, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.,Department of Pathology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Sarah Topol
- The Scripps Research Translational Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Leila Qebibo
- Centre de Référence Malformations et Maladies Congénitales du Cervelet, Département de génétique, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Dagmar Wieczorek
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benjamin Cravatt
- The Scripps Research Translational Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Svasti Haricharan
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ali Torkamani
- The Scripps Research Translational Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jennifer Friedman
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine (RCIGM), San Diego, CA 92123, USA.,Division of Neurology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, CA 92123, USA.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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3
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Lee R, McGee A, Fernandez FX. Systematic review of drugs that modify the circadian system's phase-shifting responses to light exposure. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:866-879. [PMID: 34961774 PMCID: PMC8882192 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01251-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We searched PubMed for primary research quantifying drug modification of light-induced circadian phase-shifting in rodents. This search, conducted for work published between 1960 and 2018, yielded a total of 146 papers reporting results from 901 studies. Relevant articles were those with any extractable data on phase resetting in wildtype (non-trait selected) rodents administered a drug, alongside a vehicle/control group, near or at the time of exposure. Most circadian pharmacology experiments were done using drugs thought to act directly on either the brain's central pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the SCN's primary relay, the retinohypothalamic tract, secondary pathways originating from the medial/dorsal raphe nuclei and intergeniculate leaflet, or the brain's sleep-arousal centers. While the neurotransmitter systems underlying these circuits were of particular interest, including those involving glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, and acetylcholine, other signaling modalities have also been assessed, including agonists and antagonists of receptors linked to dopamine, histamine, endocannabinoids, adenosine, opioids, and second-messenger pathways downstream of glutamate receptor activation. In an effort to identify drugs that unduly influence circadian responses to light, we quantified the net effects of each drug class by ratioing the size of the phase-shift observed after administration to that observed with vehicle in a given experiment. This allowed us to organize data across the literature, compare the relative efficacy of one mechanism versus another, and clarify which drugs might best suppress or potentiate phase resetting. Aggregation of the available data in this manner suggested that several candidates might be clinically relevant as auxiliary treatments to suppress ectopic light responses during shiftwork or amplify the circadian effects of timed bright light therapy. Future empirical research will be necessary to validate these possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Austin McGee
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Fabian-Xosé Fernandez
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- BIO5 and McKnight Brain Research Institutes, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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4
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Forte N, Boccella S, Tunisi L, Fernández-Rilo AC, Imperatore R, Iannotti FA, De Risi M, Iannotta M, Piscitelli F, Capasso R, De Girolamo P, De Leonibus E, Maione S, Di Marzo V, Cristino L. Orexin-A and endocannabinoids are involved in obesity-associated alteration of hippocampal neurogenesis, plasticity, and episodic memory in mice. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6137. [PMID: 34675233 PMCID: PMC8531398 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian brain stores and distinguishes among episodic memories, i.e. memories formed during the personal experience, through a mechanism of pattern separation computed in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Decision-making for food-related behaviors, such as the choice and intake of food, might be affected in obese subjects by alterations in the retrieval of episodic memories. Adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus regulates the pattern separation. Several molecular factors affect adult neurogenesis and exert a critical role in the development and plasticity of newborn neurons. Orexin-A/hypocretin-1 and downstream endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol signaling are altered in obese mice. Here, we show that excessive orexin-A/2-arachidonoylglycerol/cannabinoid receptor type-1 signaling leads to the dysfunction of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and the subsequent inhibition of plasticity and impairment of pattern separation. By inhibiting orexin-A action at orexin-1 receptors we rescued both plasticity and pattern separation impairment in obese mice, thus providing a molecular and functional mechanism to explain alterations in episodic memory in obesity. The authors show that adult hippocampal neurogenesis is altered in the dentate gyrus of obese mice with subsequent inhibition of long-term potentiation and impairment of pattern separation. Inhibition of orexin-A action at orexin-1 receptors rescued both impairments in obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Forte
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - Serena Boccella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Lea Tunisi
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Imperatore
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Fabio Arturo Iannotti
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - Maria De Risi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Iannotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabiana Piscitelli
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, NA, Italy
| | - Paolo De Girolamo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Elvira De Leonibus
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Napoli, Italy.,I.R.C.S.S., Neuromed, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy. .,Heart and Lung Research Institute of Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada. .,Institute for Nutrition and Functional Foods, Centre NUTRISS, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada. .,Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, 61V0AG, Canada.
| | - Luigia Cristino
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, NA, Italy.
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