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Su Z, Zhou X, Wang L. Dissociated amplitude and phase effects of alpha oscillation in a nested structure of rhythm- and sequence-based temporal expectation. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:9741-9755. [PMID: 37415070 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain can utilize various information to form temporal expectations and optimize perceptual performance. Here we show dissociated amplitude and phase effects of prestimulus alpha oscillation in a nested structure of rhythm- and sequence-based expectation. A visual stream of rhythmic stimuli was presented in a fixed sequence such that their temporal positions could be predicted by either the low-frequency rhythm, the sequence, or the combination. The behavioral modeling indicated that rhythmic and sequence information additively led to increased accumulation speed of sensory evidence and alleviated threshold for the perceptual discrimination of the expected stimulus. The electroencephalographical results showed that the alpha amplitude was modulated mainly by rhythmic information, with the amplitude fluctuating with the phase of the low-frequency rhythm (i.e. phase-amplitude coupling). The alpha phase, however, was affected by both rhythmic and sequence information. Importantly, rhythm-based expectation improved the perceptual performance by decreasing the alpha amplitude, whereas sequence-based expectation did not further decrease the amplitude on top of rhythm-based expectation. Moreover, rhythm-based and sequence-based expectations collaboratively improved the perceptual performance by biasing the alpha oscillation toward the optimal phase. Our findings suggested flexible coordination of multiscale brain oscillations in dealing with a complex environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbin Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201602, China
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2
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Capizzi M, Martín-Signes M, Coull JT, Chica AB, Charras P. A transcranial magnetic stimulation study on the role of the left intraparietal sulcus in temporal orienting of attention. Neuropsychologia 2023; 184:108561. [PMID: 37031951 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive behavior requires the ability to orient attention to the moment in time at which a relevant event is likely to occur. Temporal orienting of attention has been consistently associated with activation of the left intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in prior fMRI studies. However, a direct test of its causal involvement in temporal orienting is still lacking. The present study tackled this issue by transiently perturbing left IPS activity with either online (Experiment 1) or offline (Experiment 2) transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). In both experiments, participants performed a temporal orienting task, alternating between blocks in which a temporal cue predicted when a subsequent target would appear and blocks in which a neutral cue provided no information about target timing. In Experiment 1 we used an online TMS protocol, aiming to interfere specifically with cue-related temporal processes, whereas in Experiment 2 we employed an offline protocol whereby participants performed the temporal orienting task before and after receiving TMS. The right IPS and/or the vertex were stimulated as active control regions. While results replicated the canonical pattern of temporal orienting effects on reaction time, with faster responses for temporal than neutral trials, these effects were not modulated by TMS over the left IPS (as compared to the right IPS and/or vertex regions) regardless of the online or offline protocol used. Overall, these findings challenge the causal role of the left IPS in temporal orienting of attention inviting further research on its underlying neural substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariagrazia Capizzi
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Spain.
| | - Mar Martín-Signes
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Jennifer T Coull
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives UMR 7291, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Ana B Chica
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Pom Charras
- Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPSYLON EA 4556, F34000, Montpellier, France
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Jing C, Jin H, Li W, Wu Z, Chen Y, Huang D. Temporal attention affects contrast response function by response gain. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 16:1020260. [PMID: 36760226 PMCID: PMC9905113 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Orienting attention to a specific point in time has been shown to improve the contrast sensitivity at the attended time point and impair it earlier or later. This phenomenon could be explained by temporal attention increasing the effective contrast of the target presented at the attended time point which leads to changes in contrast psychometric function by contrast gain. Another explanation is that temporal attention multiplicatively amplifies the amplitude of behavioral or neural response to contrast, resulting in alterations in contrast psychometric function by response gain. To explore the underlying mechanism, we adopted a temporal cueing orientation discrimination task using audio pre-cues composed of different frequency components to induce different attentional allocations in the time domain and targets of various contrast intensities to measure contrast psychometric functions. Obtained psychometric functions for contrast sensitivity were fitted for different conditions with discrepant attentional states in time. We found that temporal attention manipulated by cue affected contrast psychometric function by response gain, indicating that multiplying the contrast response of the visual target occurring at the selected point in time by a fixed factor is a crucial way for temporal attention to modulate perceptual processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxu Jing
- School of Automation and Electronic Information, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Sichuan, China,Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongyuan Jin
- School of Automation and Electronic Information, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenxia Li
- School of Automation and Electronic Information, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhouhao Wu
- School of Automation and Electronic Information, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Huang
- School of Automation and Electronic Information, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Sichuan, China,Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Dan Huang ✉
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It's time for attentional control: Temporal expectation in the attentional blink. Conscious Cogn 2023; 107:103461. [PMID: 36584439 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2022.103461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The attentional blink (AB) reveals a limitation in conscious processing of sequential targets. Although it is widely held that the AB derives from a structural bottleneck of central capacity, how the central processing is constrained is still unclear. As the AB reflects the dilemma of deploying attentional resources in the time dimension, research on temporal allocation provides an important avenue for understanding the mechanism. Here we reviewed studies regarding the role of temporal expectation in modulating the AB performance primarily based on two temporal processing strategies: interval-based and rhythm-based timings. We showed that both temporal expectations can help to organize limited resources among multiple attentional episodes, thereby mitigating the AB effect. As it turns out, scrutinizing on the AB from a temporal perspective is a promising way to comprehend the mechanisms behind the AB and conscious cognition. We also highlighted some unresolved issues and discussed potential directions for future research.
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Xu Z, Ren Y, Misaki Y, Wu Q, Lu S. Effect of Tempo on Temporal Expectation Driven by Rhythms in Dual-Task Performance. Front Psychol 2021; 12:755490. [PMID: 34955976 PMCID: PMC8692373 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.755490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal expectation is the ability to focus attention at a particular moment in time to optimize performance, which has been shown to be driven by regular rhythms. However, whether the rhythm-based temporal expectations rely upon automatic processing or require the involvement of controlled processing has not been clearly established. Furthermore, whether the mechanism is affected by tempo remains unknown. To investigate this research question, the present study used a dual-task procedure. In a single task, the participants were instructed to respond to a visual target preceded by a regular or an irregular visual rhythm under a fast (500 ms) or slow (3,500 ms) tempo. The dual-task simultaneously combined a working memory (WM) task. The results showed temporal expectation effects in which the participants responded faster to the regular than to the irregular conditions in a single task. Moreover, this effect persisted under dual-task interference in the fast tempo condition but was impaired in the slow tempo condition. These results revealed that rhythmic temporal expectation induced by fast tempo was dependent on automatic processing. However, compared with the faster tempo, temporal expectation driven by a slower tempo might involve more controlled processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Xu
- Department of Foreign Language, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China
| | - Yanna Ren
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Management, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yosuke Misaki
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Education, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
| | - Sa Lu
- Department of Foreign Language, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China
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Ball F, Spuerck I, Noesselt T. Minimal interplay between explicit knowledge, dynamics of learning and temporal expectations in different, complex uni- and multisensory contexts. Atten Percept Psychophys 2021; 83:2551-2573. [PMID: 33977407 PMCID: PMC8302534 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-021-02313-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
While temporal expectations (TE) generally improve reactions to temporally predictable events, it remains unknown how the learning of temporal regularities (one time point more likely than another time point) and explicit knowledge about temporal regularities contribute to performance improvements; and whether any contributions generalise across modalities. Here, participants discriminated the frequency of diverging auditory, visual or audio-visual targets embedded in auditory, visual or audio-visual distractor sequences. Temporal regularities were manipulated run-wise (early vs. late target within sequence). Behavioural performance (accuracy, RT) plus measures from a computational learning model all suggest that learning of temporal regularities occurred but did not generalise across modalities, and that dynamics of learning (size of TE effect across runs) and explicit knowledge have little to no effect on the strength of TE. Remarkably, explicit knowledge affects performance-if at all-in a context-dependent manner: Only under complex task regimes (here, unknown target modality) might it partially help to resolve response conflict while it is lowering performance in less complex environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Ball
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Natural Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, PO Box 4120, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Inga Spuerck
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Natural Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, PO Box 4120, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Toemme Noesselt
- Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Natural Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, PO Box 4120, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Martinez-Alvarez A, Sanz-Torrent M, Pons F, de Diego-Balaguer R. Rethinking attention in time: Expectancy violations reconcile contradictory developmental evidence. J Exp Child Psychol 2021; 206:105070. [PMID: 33601290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2020.105070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Temporal expectations critically influence perception and action. Previous research reports contradictory results in children's ability to endogenously orient attention in time as well as the developmental course. To reconcile this seemingly conflicting evidence, we put forward the hypothesis that expectancy violations-through the use of invalid trials-are the source of the mixed evidence reported in the literature. With the aim of offering new results that could reconcile previous findings, we tested a group of young children (4- to 7-year-olds), an older group (8- to 12-year-olds), and a group of adults. Temporal cues provided expectations about target onset time, and invalid trials were used such that the target appeared at the unexpected time in 25% of the trials. In both experiments, the younger children responded faster in valid trials than in invalid trials, showing that they benefited from the temporal cue. These results show that young children rely on temporal expectations to orient attention in time endogenously. Importantly, younger children exhibited greater validity effects than older children and adults, and these effects correlated positively with participants' performance in the invalid (unexpected) trials. We interpret the reduction of validity effects with age as an index of better adaptation to the invalid (unexpected) condition. By using invalid trials and testing three age groups, we demonstrate that previous findings are not inconsistent. Rather, evidence converges when considering the presence of expectancy violations that require executive control mechanisms, which develop progressively during childhood. We propose a distinction between rigid and flexible mechanisms of temporal orienting to accommodate all findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Martinez-Alvarez
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Monica Sanz-Torrent
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Pons
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth de Diego-Balaguer
- Department of Cognition, Development and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Temporal expectation driven by rhythmic cues compared to that driven by symbolic cues provides a more precise attentional focus in time. Atten Percept Psychophys 2020; 83:308-314. [PMID: 33098067 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-020-02168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Temporal expectation is the ability to select the precise point in time for doing something to produce an optimal effect. Two sources of information that humans use to generate temporal expectations are rhythmic and symbolic cues. Both types of cues have been proven effective in directing attention to a future point in time resulting in improved performance. However, the temporal precision of the two forms of temporal expectation have rarely been compared. In the current study, 17 participants performed two temporal expectation tasks in which either a rhythmic cue or a symbolic cue indicated that a future target would appear after a 500-ms (short) or 1,500-ms (long) interval; the target appeared at the expected time in 54% of trials and at an unexpected earlier or later interval in 36% of trials. In both tasks, we observed that the reaction time (RT) curves were U-shaped, with a slower RT for the earlier and later unexpected intervals and a faster RT for intervals approaching the expected point in time. Furthermore, we found a significant interaction between task and the quadratic term of temporal expectation, which indicates that the U-shaped RT curves for the rhythmic cue task are steeper than those for the symbolic cue task. Thus, the current results revealed that compared with symbolic cues, temporal expectation driven by rhythmic cues provides a more precise attentional focus in time.
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Zalta A, Petkoski S, Morillon B. Natural rhythms of periodic temporal attention. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1051. [PMID: 32103014 PMCID: PMC7044316 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14888-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
That attention is a fundamentally rhythmic process has recently received abundant empirical evidence. The essence of temporal attention, however, is to flexibly focus in time. Whether this function is constrained by an underlying rhythmic neural mechanism is unknown. In six interrelated experiments, we behaviourally quantify the sampling capacities of periodic temporal attention during auditory or visual perception. We reveal the presence of limited attentional capacities, with an optimal sampling rate of ~1.4 Hz in audition and ~0.7 Hz in vision. Investigating the motor contribution to temporal attention, we show that it scales with motor rhythmic precision, maximal at ~1.7 Hz. Critically, motor modulation is beneficial to auditory but detrimental to visual temporal attention. These results are captured by a computational model of coupled oscillators, that reveals the underlying structural constraints governing the temporal alignment between motor and attention fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Zalta
- Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Aix Marseille University, 13005, Marseille, France
- APHM, INSERM, Inst Neurosci Syst, Service de Pharmacologie Clinique et Pharmacovigilance, Aix Marseille University, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Spase Petkoski
- Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Aix Marseille University, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Morillon
- Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Aix Marseille University, 13005, Marseille, France.
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Ren Y, Xu Z, Wu F, Ejima Y, Yang J, Takahashi S, Wu Q, Wu J. Does Temporal Expectation Driven by Rhythmic Cues Differ From That Driven by Symbolic Cues Across the Millisecond and Second Range? Perception 2019; 48:515-529. [PMID: 31046568 DOI: 10.1177/0301006619847579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Temporal expectation relies on different predictive information, such as regular rhythms and symbolic cues, to direct attention to a future moment in time to optimize behaviour. However, whether differences exist between temporal expectations driven by regular rhythms and symbolic cues has not been clearly established. In this study, 20 participants performed two temporal expectation tasks in which a rhythmic cue or a symbolic cue indicated (70% expected) that the target would appear after an interval of 500 ms (short), 1,500 ms (medium), or 2,500 ms (long). We found larger cueing effects for the rhythmic cued task than for the symbolic cued task during the short interval, indicating that rhythmic cues were more effective in improving performance. Furthermore, no significant difference was found during the longer interval, reflect that the behavioural differences between the two forms of temporal expectations were likely to diminish as the time interval increased. Thus, we speculate that the temporal expectation driven by rhythmic cues differs from that driven by symbolic cues only in the limited time range; however, the mechanisms underlying the two forms of temporal expectations trend to become more similar over increasing temporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Ren
- Department of Psychology, Medical Humanities College, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China; Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Zhihan Xu
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Fengxia Wu
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Yoshimichi Ejima
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Jiajia Yang
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Qiong Wu
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan
| | - Jinglong Wu
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Japan; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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Korolczuk I, Burle B, Coull JT. The costs and benefits of temporal predictability: impaired inhibition of prepotent responses accompanies increased activation of task-relevant responses. Cognition 2018; 179:102-110. [PMID: 29935426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
While the benefit of temporal predictability on sensorimotor processing is well established, it is still unknown whether this is due to efficient execution of an appropriate response and/or inhibition of an inappropriate one. To answer this question, we examined the effects of temporal predictability in tasks that required selective (Simon task) or global (Stop-signal task) inhibitory control of prepotent responses. We manipulated temporal expectation by presenting cues that either predicted (temporal cues) or not (neutral cues) when the target would appear. In the Simon task, performance was better when target location (left/right) was compatible with the hand of response and performance was improved further still if targets were temporally cued. However, Conditional Accuracy Functions revealed that temporal predictability selectively increased the number of fast, impulsive errors. Temporal cueing had no effect on selective response inhibition, as measured by the dynamics of the interference effect (delta plots) in the Simon task. By contrast, in the Stop-signal task, Stop-signal reaction time, a covert measure of a more global form of response inhibition, was significantly longer in temporally predictive trials. Therefore, when the time of target onset could be predicted in advance, it was harder to stop the impulse to respond to the target. Collectively, our results indicate that temporal cueing compounded the interfering effects of a prepotent response on task performance. We suggest that although temporal predictability enhances activation of task-relevant responses, it impairs inhibition of prepotent responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inga Korolczuk
- Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Lojasiewicza 4, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Boris Burle
- Laboratoire des Neurosciences Cognitives UMR 7291, Federation 3C, Aix-Marseille University & CNRS, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille cedex 3, France
| | - Jennifer T Coull
- Laboratoire des Neurosciences Cognitives UMR 7291, Federation 3C, Aix-Marseille University & CNRS, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille cedex 3, France
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Stimulating the Healthy Brain to Investigate Neural Correlates of Motor Preparation: A Systematic Review. Neural Plast 2018; 2018:5846096. [PMID: 29670648 PMCID: PMC5835236 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5846096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques can be used to selectively increase or decrease the excitability of a cortical region, providing a unique opportunity to assess the causal contribution of that region to the process being assessed. The objective of this paper is to systematically examine studies investigating changes in reaction time induced by noninvasive brain stimulation in healthy participants during movement preparation. Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed in the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of science databases. A combination of keywords related to motor preparation, associated behavioral outcomes, and noninvasive brain stimulation methods was used. Results Twenty-seven studies were included, and systematic data extraction and quality assessment were performed. Reaction time results were transformed in standardised mean difference and graphically pooled in forest plots depending on the targeted cortical area and the type of stimulation. Conclusions Despite methodological heterogeneity among studies, results support a functional implication of five cortical regions (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, supplementary motor area, dorsal premotor cortex, and primary motor cortex), integrated into a frontoparietal network, in various components of motor preparation ranging from attentional to motor aspects.
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14
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Mento G. The role of the P3 and CNV components in voluntary and automatic temporal orienting: A high spatial-resolution ERP study. Neuropsychologia 2017; 107:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Martinez-Alvarez A, Pons F, de Diego-Balaguer R. Endogenous temporal attention in the absence of stimulus-driven cues emerges in the second year of life. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184698. [PMID: 28886169 PMCID: PMC5590992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticipating both where and when an object will appear is a critical ability for adaptation. Research in the temporal domain in adults indicate that dissociable mechanisms relate to endogenous attention driven by the properties of the stimulus themselves (e.g. rhythmic, sequential, or trajectory cues) and driven by symbolic cues. In infancy, we know that the capacity to endogenously orient attention progressively develops through infancy. However, the above-mentioned distinction has not yet been explored since previous studies involved stimulus-driven cues. The current study tested 12- and 15-month-olds in an adaptation of the anticipatory eye movement procedure to determine whether infants were able to anticipate a specific location and temporal interval predicted only by symbolic pre-cues. In the absence of stimulus-driven cues, results show that only 15-month-olds could show anticipatory behavior based on the temporal information provided by the symbolic cues. Distinguishing stimulus-driven expectations from those driven by symbolic cues allowed dissecting more clearly the developmental progression of temporal endogenous attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Martinez-Alvarez
- Department of Cognition, Development, and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Pons
- Department of Cognition, Development, and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth de Diego-Balaguer
- Department of Cognition, Development, and Educational Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Unit, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL) Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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16
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The role of dorsal premotor cortex in mental rotation: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Brain Cogn 2017; 116:71-78. [PMID: 28606388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although activation of dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) has been consistently observed in the neuroimaging studies of mental rotation, the functional meaning of PMd activation is still unclear and multiple alternative explanations have been suggested. The present study used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to investigate the role of PMd in mental rotation. Two tasks were used, involving mental rotation of hands and abstract objects, with either matching (same stimuli) or mirror stimuli. Compared to sham stimulation, TMS over right and left PMd regions significantly affected accuracy in the object task, specifically for the same stimuli. Furthermore, response times were longer following right PMd stimulation in both the object and the hand tasks, but again, selectively for the same stimuli. The effect of rotational angle on response times and accuracies was greater for the same stimuli. Moreover TMS over PMd impaired the performance accuracy selectively in these stimuli, mainly in a task that included abstract objects. For these reasons, the present findings indicate a contribution of PMd to mental rotation.
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Cona G, Marino G, Bisiacchi PS. Superior parietal cortex and the attention to delayed intention: An rTMS study. Neuropsychologia 2017; 95:130-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cona G, Marino G, Semenza C. TMS of supplementary motor area (SMA) facilitates mental rotation performance: Evidence for sequence processing in SMA. Neuroimage 2016; 146:770-777. [PMID: 27989840 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study we applied online transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) bursts at 10Hz to the supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary motor cortex to test whether these regions are causally involved in mental rotation. Furthermore, in order to investigate what is the specific role played by SMA and primary motor cortex, two mental rotation tasks were used, which included pictures of hands and abstract objects, respectively. While primary motor cortex stimulation did not affect mental rotation performance, SMA stimulation improved the performance in the task with object stimuli, and only for the pairs of stimuli that had higher angular disparity between each other (i.e., 100° and 150°). The finding that the effect of SMA stimulation was modulated by the amount of spatial orientation information indicates that SMA is causally involved in the very act of mental rotation. More specifically, we propose that SMA mediates domain-general sequence processes, likely required to accumulate and integrate information that are, in this context, spatial. The possible physiological mechanisms underlying the facilitation of performance due to SMA stimulation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cona
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Italy.
| | - G Marino
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Italy
| | - C Semenza
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padua, Italy; Center of Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Padua, Italy; IRCCS San Camillo Hospital Foundation, Neuropsychology Unit, 30126 Lido-Venice, Italy
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Fujiyama H, Van Soom J, Rens G, Cuypers K, Heise KF, Levin O, Swinnen SP. Performing two different actions simultaneously: The critical role of interhemispheric interactions during the preparation of bimanual movement. Cortex 2016; 77:141-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chang A, Bosnyak DJ, Trainor LJ. Unpredicted Pitch Modulates Beta Oscillatory Power during Rhythmic Entrainment to a Tone Sequence. Front Psychol 2016; 7:327. [PMID: 27014138 PMCID: PMC4782565 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracting temporal regularities in external stimuli in order to predict upcoming events is an essential aspect of perception. Fluctuations in induced power of beta band (15–25 Hz) oscillations in auditory cortex are involved in predictive timing during rhythmic entrainment, but whether such fluctuations are affected by prediction in the spectral (frequency/pitch) domain remains unclear. We tested whether unpredicted (i.e., unexpected) pitches in a rhythmic tone sequence modulate beta band activity by recording EEG while participants passively listened to isochronous auditory oddball sequences with occasional unpredicted deviant pitches at two different presentation rates. The results showed that the power in low-beta (15–20 Hz) was larger around 200–300 ms following deviant tones compared to standard tones, and this effect was larger when the deviant tones were less predicted. Our results suggest that the induced beta power activities in auditory cortex are consistent with a role in sensory prediction of both “when” (timing) upcoming sounds will occur as well as the prediction precision error of “what” (spectral content in this case). We suggest, further, that both timing and content predictions may co-modulate beta oscillations via attention. These findings extend earlier work on neural oscillations by investigating the functional significance of beta oscillations for sensory prediction. The findings help elucidate the functional significance of beta oscillations in perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Chang
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dan J Bosnyak
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster UniversityHamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Institute for Music and the Mind, McMaster UniversityHamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Laurel J Trainor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster UniversityHamilton, ON, Canada; McMaster Institute for Music and the Mind, McMaster UniversityHamilton, ON, Canada; Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest HospitalToronto, ON, Canada
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