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Zuo L, Ai K, Liu W, Qiu B, Tang R, Fu J, Yang P, Kong Z, Song H, Zhu X, Zhang X. Navigating Exploitative Traps: Unveiling the Uncontrollable Reward Seeking of Individuals With Internet Gaming Disorder. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2024:S2451-9022(24)00138-1. [PMID: 38839035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internet gaming disorder (IGD) involves an imbalance in the brain's dual system, characterized by heightened reward seeking and diminished cognitive control, which lead to decision-making challenges. The exploration-exploitation strategy is key to decision making, but how IGD affects this process is unclear. METHODS To investigate the impact of IGD on decision making, a modified version of the 2-armed bandit task was employed. Participants included 41 individuals with IGD and 44 healthy control individuals. The study assessed the strategies used by participants in the task, particularly focusing on the exploitation-exploration strategy. Additionally, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine brain activation patterns during decision-making and estimation phases. RESULTS The study found that individuals with IGD demonstrated greater reliance on exploitative strategies in decision making due to their elevated value-seeking tendencies and decreased cognitive control. Individuals with IGD also displayed heightened activation in the presupplementary motor area and the ventral striatum compared with the healthy control group in both decision-making and estimation phases. Meanwhile, the prefrontal cortex showed more inhibition in individuals with IGD than in the healthy control group during exploitative strategies. This inhibition decreased as cognitive control diminished. CONCLUSIONS The imbalance in the development of the dual system in individuals with IGD may lead to an overreliance on exploitative strategies. This imbalance, marked by increased reward seeking and reduced cognitive control, contributes to difficulties in decision making and value-related behavioral processes in individuals with IGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zuo
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Kedan Ai
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Weili Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Centers for Biomedical Engineering, USTC, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaxin Fu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Psychology, School of Humanities & Social Science, USTC, Anhui, China
| | - Zhuo Kong
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China
| | - Hongwen Song
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science of Anhui Province on Adolescent Mental Health and Crisis Intelligence Intervention, Anhui, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, USTC, Anhui, China.
| | - Xiaochu Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China; Department of Psychology, School of Humanities & Social Science, USTC, Anhui, China; Business School, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, China; Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive Science Center, Anhui, China.
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Mech EN, Kandhadai P, Federmeier KD. The last course of coarse coding: Hemispheric similarities in associative and categorical semantic processing. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2022; 229:105123. [PMID: 35461030 PMCID: PMC9214668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To test theories that posit differences in how semantic information is represented in the cerebral hemispheres, we assessed semantic priming for associatively and categorically related prime-target pairs that were graded in relatedness strength. Visual half-field presentation was used to bias processing to the right or left hemisphere, and event-related potential (ERP) and behavioral responses were measured while participants completed a semantic relatedness judgement task. Contrary to theories positing representational differences across the cerebral hemispheres, in two experiments using (1) centralized prime presentation and lateralized targets and (2) lateralized primes and targets, we found similar priming patterns across the two hemispheres at the level of semantic access (N400), on later measures of explicit processing (late positive complex; LPC), and in behavioral response speeds and accuracy. We argue that hemispheric differences, when they arise, are more likely due to differences in task demands than in how the hemispheres fundamentally represent semantic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Mech
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States.
| | - Padmapriya Kandhadai
- Department of Computing Studies and Information Systems, Douglas College, Canada
| | - Kara D Federmeier
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States; The Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
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Huang M, Shen L, Xu S, Huang Y, Huang S, Tang X. Hemispheric Processing of Chinese Scientific Metaphors: Evidence via Hemifield Presentation. Front Psychol 2022; 13:894715. [PMID: 35693491 PMCID: PMC9178182 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.894715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the two hemispheres in processing metaphoric language is controversial. In order to complement current debates, the current divided visual field (DVF) study introduced scientific metaphors as novel metaphors, presenting orientation mapping from the specific and familiar domains to the abstract and unfamiliar domains, to examine hemispheric asymmetry in metaphoric processing. Twenty-four Chinese native speakers from science disciplines took part in the experiment. The participants were presented with four types of Chinese word pairs: scientific metaphors, conventional metaphors, literal word pairs, and unrelated word pairs. The first word in each pair was presented centrally, and the second was presented to the left visual field (the Right Hemisphere) or the right visual field (the Left Hemisphere). Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded when participants read the target words and judged whether words in each pair were related. The data demonstrated that both hemispheres were involved at the initial stage of metaphor processing, but the right hemisphere took a more privileged role. The significant activation of the left hemisphere for scientific metaphoric processing supports the fine-coarse coding hypothesis. During right-visual-field presentation, the left hemisphere, responsible for the processing of closely related domains, has to integrate the loosely associated domains of scientific metaphor, which greatly increased cognitive taxes. Moreover, the data of late positive components (LPCs) revealed different hemispheric activation between scientific metaphors and conventional metaphors. Compared with literal pairs, conventional metaphors elicited significantly higher LPCs during right visual field presentation, while the scientific metaphor elicited significantly lower LPCs during left visual field presentation. These results suggest different processing mechanisms between novel metaphors and conventional metaphors and the special role of the right hemisphere in novel metaphoric processing at the later mapping stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- School of Foreign Studies, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
| | - Lexian Shen
- School of Foreign Studies, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
| | - Shuyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanhong Huang
- School of Foreign Studies, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
| | - Shaojuan Huang
- School of Foreign Studies, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
| | - Xuemei Tang
- School of Foreign Studies, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, China
- *Correspondence: Xuemei Tang,
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Kurada HZ, Arıca-Akkök E, Özaydın-Aksun Z, Şener HÖ, Lavidor M. The impact of transparency on hemispheric lateralization of idiom comprehension: An rTMS study. Neuropsychologia 2021; 163:108062. [PMID: 34655650 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous neuropsychological data have equivocal suggestions concerning hemispheric involvement during idiom comprehension. The possible contribution of idioms transparency to the lateralization of figurative language comprehension has not been investigated using an interference technique. To analyse the cortical lateralization of idiom transparency processing, we employed inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during the processing of opaque idioms, transparent idioms, and non-idiomatic literal phrases. Based on the Coarse Semantic Coding theory, we predicted a greater right hemisphere involvement when processing opaque than transparent idioms. Eighteen young healthy participants underwent rTMS pulses at 1 Hz frequency, 110% of motor threshold intensity for 15 min (900 pulses) in two sessions at one-week intervals. In a semantic decision task, participants judged the relatedness of an idiom and a target word. The target word was figuratively or literally related to the idiom, or unrelated. The study also included non-idiomatic sentences. We found that left DLPFC functions are more critical for comprehension of opaque rather than transparent idioms when referring to the figurative associations of the idioms. Opaque idioms, in the context of their figurative meaning, rely more heavily on left hemisphere resources. This finding suggests that opaque idioms are seemingly processed as one unit. Taken together, we believe that the transparency of idiomatic expressions may play an important role in modulating hemispheric functions involved in figurative language processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Zeynep Kurada
- Hacettepe University, Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Ankara, Turkey; Ankara University, Linguistics Department, Ankara, Turkey.
| | | | - Zerin Özaydın-Aksun
- Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - H Özden Şener
- Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Michal Lavidor
- Bar Ilan University, Department of Psychology, and the Gonda Brain Research Center, Israel
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Hertrich I, Dietrich S, Blum C, Ackermann H. The Role of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex for Speech and Language Processing. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:645209. [PMID: 34079444 PMCID: PMC8165195 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.645209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article summarizes various functions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) that are related to language processing. To this end, its connectivity with the left-dominant perisylvian language network was considered, as well as its interaction with other functional networks that, directly or indirectly, contribute to language processing. Language-related functions of the DLPFC comprise various aspects of pragmatic processing such as discourse management, integration of prosody, interpretation of nonliteral meanings, inference making, ambiguity resolution, and error repair. Neurophysiologically, the DLPFC seems to be a key region for implementing functional connectivity between the language network and other functional networks, including cortico-cortical as well as subcortical circuits. Considering clinical aspects, damage to the DLPFC causes psychiatric communication deficits rather than typical aphasic language syndromes. Although the number of well-controlled studies on DLPFC language functions is still limited, the DLPFC might be an important target region for the treatment of pragmatic language disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Hertrich
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Susanne Dietrich
- Evolutionary Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Corinna Blum
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hermann Ackermann
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Lu K, Hao N. When do we fall in neural synchrony with others? Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2020; 14:253-261. [PMID: 30753646 PMCID: PMC6413689 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsz012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the situation in which interpersonal brain synchronization (IBS) occurs during a collaborative task and examined its trajectory over time by developing a novel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based hyperscanning paradigm. Participants were asked to perform a collaborative task in three-person groups where two of the members are real participants and one is a confederate. Compared to dyads between real participants and confederates, real-participant pairings showed greater cooperation behavior and IBS between bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. And, IBS and cooperation increased over time in real-participant pairings, whereas they remained low and constant in dyads with the confederate. These findings indicate that IBS occurs between individuals engaging in interpersonal interaction during a collaborative task, during which both IBS and cooperatively interpersonal interaction tend to increase over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelong Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Hao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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The neural and neurocomputational bases of recovery from post-stroke aphasia. Nat Rev Neurol 2019; 16:43-55. [DOI: 10.1038/s41582-019-0282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Moshfeghi Y, Pollick FE. Neuropsychological model of the realization of information need. J Assoc Inf Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/asi.24242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yashar Moshfeghi
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Strathclyde Glasgow G1 1XQ United Kingdom
| | - Frank E. Pollick
- School of Psychology, University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom
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Yi YG, Kim DY, Shim WH, Oh JY, Kim HS, Jung M. Perilesional and homotopic area activation during proverb comprehension after stroke. Brain Behav 2019; 9:e01202. [PMID: 30588768 PMCID: PMC6346665 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mechanism of functional recovery in right hemisphere (RH) stroke patients when attempting to comprehend a proverb has not been identified. We previously reported that there is bilateral hemisphere involvement during proverb comprehension in the normal population. However, the underlying mechanisms of proverb comprehension following a right middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction have not yet been fully elucidated. METHODS We here compared the brain regions activated by literal sentences and by opaque or transparent proverbs in right MCA infarction patients using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Experimental stimuli included 18 opaque proverbs, 18 transparent proverbs, and 18 literal sentences that were presented pseudorandomly in 1 of 3 predesigned sequences. RESULTS Fifteen normal adults and 17 right MCA infarction patients participated in this study. The areas of the brain in the stroke patients involved in understanding a proverb compared with a literal sentence included the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and frontal pole, right anterior cingulate gyrus/paracingulate gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), middle temporal gyrus (MTG), precuneus, and supramarginal gyrus (SMG). When the proverbs were presented to these stroke patients in the comprehension tests, the left supramarginal, postcentral gyrus, and right paracingulate gyrus were activated for the opaque proverbs compared to the transparent proverbs. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the functional recovery of language in stroke patients can be explained by perilesional activation, which is thought to arise from the regulation of the excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter system, and by homotopic area activation which has been characterized by decreased transcallosal inhibition and astrocyte involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Gyoung Yi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Yul Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Hyun Shim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Young Oh
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Sung Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minji Jung
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
In addition to the role of left frontotemporal areas in language processing, there is increasing evidence that language comprehension and production require cognitive control and working memory resources involving the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the left DLPFC in both language comprehension and production. In a double-blind, sham-controlled crossover experiment, thirty-two participants received cathodal or sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the left DLPFC while performing a language comprehension and a language production task. Results showed that cathodal tDCS increases reaction times in the language comprehension task, but decreases naming latencies in the language production task. However, additional analyses revealed that the polarity of tDCS effects was highly correlated across tasks, implying differential individual susceptibility to the effect of tDCS within participants. Overall, our findings demonstrate that left DLPFC is part of the complex cortical network associated with language processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Klaus
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Herbet G, Moritz-Gasser S, Duffau H. Electrical stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex impairs semantic cognition. Neurology 2018; 90:e1077-e1084. [PMID: 29444964 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the prefrontal cortical structures causally involved in verbal and nonverbal semantic cognition in both cerebral hemispheres. METHODS We retrospectively screened the intraoperative brain mapping data of 584 patients who underwent neurosurgery for neoplastic tumor under local anesthesia with direct cortical electrostimulation. Patients were included if they were right-handed, recently diagnosed with a diffuse low-grade glioma, and had a positive language mapping for verbal (naming task) and nonverbal (visual semantic association task) semantic cognition in the prefrontal cortex (n = 49). Among these, 30 were tested intraoperatively with both the naming and the semantic association tasks, while 19 were tested with the naming task only. Subsequently, each semantic site (n = 85) was plotted individually onto a common stereotaxic space for detailed analyses. RESULTS The cortical sites associated with verbal semantic disturbances (n = 45) were distributed in the pars opercularis (n = 14) and pars triangularis (n = 19) of the left inferior frontal gyrus, and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC, n = 12); only 2 sites were observed in the right dlPFC. In contrast, all but one cortical site associated with nonverbal semantic disturbances were observed in the left dorsolateral cortex (n = 8). In the right hemisphere, the same disturbances were found in the dlPFC (n = 14) and pars opercularis (n = 2). CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated the critical role of the dlPFC in the semantic network, and indicated its specific and bilateral involvement in nonverbal semantic cognition in right-handers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Herbet
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center; Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM 1051, Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors," Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center; and University of Montpellier, France.
| | - Sylvie Moritz-Gasser
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center; Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM 1051, Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors," Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center; and University of Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center; Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM 1051, Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors," Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center; and University of Montpellier, France
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