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Disinhibition of short-latency but not long-latency afferent inhibition of the lower limb during upper-limb muscle contraction. Neuroreport 2023; 34:280-286. [PMID: 36881752 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated that motor and sensory functions of the lower limbs can be modulated by upper-limb muscle contractions. However, whether sensorimotor integration of the lower limb can be modulated by upper-limb muscle contractions is still unknown. [AQ: NR Original articles do not require structured abstracts. Hence, abstract subsections have been deleted. Please check.]Human sensorimotor integration has been studied using short- or long-latency afferent inhibition (SAI or LAI, respectively), which refers to inhibition of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited via transcranial magnetic stimulation by preceding peripheral sensory stimulation. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether upper-limb muscle contractions could modulate the sensorimotor integration of the lower limbs by examining SAI and LAI. Soleus muscle MEPs following electrical tibial nerve stimulation (TSTN) during rest or voluntary wrist flexion were recorded at inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) of 30 (i.e. SAI), 100, and 200 ms (i.e. LAI). The soleus Hoffman reflex following TSTN was also measured to identify whether MEP modulation occurred at the cortical or the spinal level. Results showed that lower-limb SAI, but not LAI, was disinhibited during voluntary wrist flexion. Furthermore, the soleus Hoffman reflex following TSTN during voluntary wrist flexion was unchanged when compared with that during the resting state at any ISI. Our findings suggest that upper-limb muscle contractions modulate sensorimotor integration of the lower limbs and that disinhibition of lower-limb SAI during upper-limb muscle contractions is cortically based.
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Lin J, Li L, Pan N, Liu X, Zhang X, Suo X, Kemp GJ, Wang S, Gong Q. Neural correlates of neuroticism: A coordinate-based meta-analysis of resting-state functional brain imaging studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 146:105055. [PMID: 36681370 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Neuroticism is one of the most robust higher-order personality traits associated with negative emotionality and risk of mental disorders. Many studies have investigated relationships between neuroticism and the brain, but the results have been inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis of whole-brain resting-state functional neuroimaging studies to identify the most stable neurofunctional substrates of neuroticism. We found stable significant positive correlations between neuroticism and resting-state brain activity in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG), left striatum, and right hippocampus. In contrast, resting-state brain activity in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and right supramarginal gyrus (SMG) was negatively associated with neuroticism. Additionally, meta-regression analysis revealed brain regions in which sex and age moderated the link of spontaneous activity with neuroticism. This is the first study to provide a comprehensive understanding of resting-state brain activity correlates of neuroticism, and the findings may be useful for the targeting of specific brain regions for interventions to decrease the risks of mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Lin
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanfang Pan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiqin Liu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueling Suo
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Graham J Kemp
- Liverpool Magnetic Resonance Imaging Centre (LiMRIC) and Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Song Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, China
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Lanza G, Fisicaro F, Cantone M, Pennisi M, Cosentino FII, Lanuzza B, Tripodi M, Bella R, Paulus W, Ferri R. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in primary sleep disorders. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 67:101735. [PMID: 36563570 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a widely used non-invasive neuromodulatory technique. When applied in sleep medicine, the main hypothesis explaining its effects concerns the modulation of synaptic plasticity and the strength of connections between the brain areas involved in sleep disorders. Recently, there has been a significant increase in the publication of rTMS studies in primary sleep disorders. A multi-database-based search converges on the evidence that rTMS is safe and feasible in chronic insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), restless legs syndrome (RLS), and sleep deprivation-related cognitive deficits, whereas limited or no data are available for narcolepsy, sleep bruxism, and REM sleep behavior disorder. Regarding efficacy, the stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex bilaterally, right parietal cortex, and dominant primary motor cortex (M1) in insomnia, as well as the stimulation of M1 leg area bilaterally, left primary somatosensory cortex, and left M1 in RLS reduced subjective symptoms and severity scale scores, with effects lasting for up to weeks; conversely, no relevant effect was observed in OSAS and narcolepsy. Nevertheless, several limitations especially regarding the stimulation protocols need to be considered. This review should be viewed as a step towards the further contribution of individually tailored neuromodulatory techniques for sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lanza
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy.
| | - Francesco Fisicaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Mariagiovanna Cantone
- Neurology Unit, University Hospital Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy; Department of Neurology, Sant'Elia Hospital, ASP Caltanissetta, Caltanissetta, Italy
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Bartolo Lanuzza
- Department of Neurology IC and Sleep Research Centre, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Mariangela Tripodi
- Department of Neurology IC and Sleep Research Centre, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Walter Paulus
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
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Kato T, Sasaki A, Nakazawa K. Short-and long-latency afferent inhibition of the human leg motor cortex by H-reflex subthreshold electrical stimulation at the popliteal fossa. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:249-261. [PMID: 36481937 PMCID: PMC9870969 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In humans, peripheral sensory stimulation inhibits subsequent motor evoked potentials (MEPs) induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation; this process is referred to as short- or long-latency afferent inhibition (SAI or LAI, respectively), depending on the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) length. Although upper limb SAI and LAI have been well studied, lower limb SAI and LAI remain under-investigated. Here, we examined the time course of the soleus (SOL) muscle MEP following electrical tibial nerve (TN) stimulation at the popliteal fossa at ISIs of 20-220 ms. When the conditioning stimulus intensity was three-fold the perceptual threshold, MEP amplitudes were inhibited at an ISI of 220 ms, but not at shorter ISIs. TN stimulation just below the Hoffman (H)-reflex threshold intensity inhibited MEP amplitudes at ISIs of 30, 35, 100, 180 and 200 ms. However, the relationship between MEP inhibition and the P30 latency of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) did not show corresponding ISIs at the SEP P30 latency that maximizes MEP inhibition. To clarify whether the site of afferent-induced MEP inhibition occurs at the cortical or spinal level, we examined the time course of SOL H-reflex following TN stimulation. H-reflex amplitudes were not significantly inhibited at ISIs where MEP inhibition occurred but at an ISI of 120 ms. Our findings indicate that stronger peripheral sensory stimulation is required for lower limb than for upper limb SAI and LAI and that lower limb SAI and LAI are of cortical origin. Moreover, the direct pathway from the periphery to the primary motor cortex may contribute to lower limb SAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kato
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 153-8902 Tokyo, Japan ,grid.54432.340000 0001 0860 6072Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, 102-0083 Japan
| | - Atsushi Sasaki
- grid.54432.340000 0001 0860 6072Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, 102-0083 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Graduate School of Engineering Science, Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531 Japan
| | - Kimitaka Nakazawa
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 153-8902 Tokyo, Japan
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Loi N, Ginatempo F, Carta M, Melis F, Manca A, Deriu F. Face emotional expressions influence interhemispheric inhibition. Psychophysiology 2022; 60:e14234. [PMID: 36523139 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The processing of face expressions is a key ability to perform social interactions. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the excitability of the hand primary motor cortex (M1) increases following the view of negative faces expressions. Interhemispheric interactions and sensory-motor integration are cortical processes involving M1, which are known to be modulated by emotional and social behaviors. Whether these processes may mediate the effects of face emotional expressions on M1 excitability is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the passive viewing of face emotional expressions on M1 interhemispheric connections and sensory-motor integration using standardized transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocols. Nineteen healthy subjects participated in the study. Interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) and short-afferent inhibition (SAI) were probed in the right first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle 300 ms after the randomized presentation of seven different face expressions (neutral, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise and happiness). Results showed a significantly reduced IHI following the passive viewing of fearful faces compared to neutral (p = .001) and happy (p = .035) faces and following the view of sad faces compared to neutral faces (p = .008). No effect of emotional faces was detected on SAI. Data suggest that sensory-motor integration process does not mediate the increased excitability of M1 induced by the view of negative face expressions. By contrast, it may be underpinned by a depression of IHI, which from a functional point of view may promote symmetrical avoiding movements of the hands in response to aversive stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Loi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy
| | | | - Miriam Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy
| | - Francesco Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy
| | - Andrea Manca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy
| | - Franca Deriu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders AOU Sassari Sassari Italy
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Cambiaghi M, Infortuna C, Gualano F, Elsamadisi A, Malik W, Buffelli M, Han Z, Solhkhah R, P. Thomas F, Battaglia F. High-frequency rTMS modulates emotional behaviors and structural plasticity in layers II/III and V of the mPFC. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:1082211. [PMID: 36582213 PMCID: PMC9792489 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.1082211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation technique, and it has been increasingly used as a nonpharmacological intervention for the treatment of various neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases, including depression. In humans, rTMS over the prefrontal cortex is used to induce modulation of the neural circuitry that regulates emotions, cognition, and depressive symptoms. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of a short (5-day) treatment with high-frequency (HF) rTMS (15 Hz) on emotional behavior and prefrontal cortex morphological plasticity in mice. Mice that had undergone HF-rTMS showed an anti-depressant-like activity as evidenced by decreased immobility time in both the Tail Suspension Test and the Forced Swim Test along with increased spine density in both layer II/III and layer V apical and basal dendrites. Furthermore, dendritic complexity assessed by Sholl analysis revealed increased arborization in the apical portions of both layers, but no modifications in the basal dendrites branching. Overall, these results indicate that the antidepressant-like activity of HF-rTMS is paralleled by structural remodeling in the medial prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cambiaghi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Carmenrita Infortuna
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Gualano
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Amir Elsamadisi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Wasib Malik
- Department of Neurology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Mario Buffelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Zhiyong Han
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Ramon Solhkhah
- Department of Psychiatry, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Florian P. Thomas
- Department of Neurology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States,Department of Neurology, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, United States
| | - Fortunato Battaglia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States,Department of Neurology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States,*Correspondence: Fortunato Battaglia
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Concerto C, Rodolico A, La Rosa VL, Aiello B, Martinez M, Stuto S, Infortuna C, Fusar-Poli L, Signorelli MS, Commodari E, Battaglia F, Aguglia E. Flourishing or Languishing? Predictors of Positive Mental Health in Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15814. [PMID: 36497895 PMCID: PMC9736882 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students were burdened with high levels of stress, anxiety, and depression. The objective of the present study was to investigate predictors of positive mental health among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted an online survey from September 2021 to March 2022. We applied the snowball recruitment technique involving medical students from the University of Catania, Italy. We administered, anonymously, a questionnaire about demographic characteristics, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), and the short form of the Mental Health Continuum (MHC-SF). Participants showed moderate anxiety, depression, and stress levels, and more than half had positive mental health status overall. This finding was inversely related to age, depression severity, cyclothymic, and depressive temperaments. Our results showed that medical students with depressive and cyclothymic temperaments were more at risk of worsening mental health status during the pandemic. Our findings may allow for further developments about the impact of personological characteristics on students' mental health to enable more efficient support for the most vulnerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Concerto
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rodolico
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Aiello
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Miriam Martinez
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Stuto
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmenrita Infortuna
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Fusar-Poli
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Salvina Signorelli
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Commodari
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Fortunato Battaglia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Eugenio Aguglia
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Infortuna C, Gualano F, Freedberg D, Patel SP, Sheikh AM, Muscatello MRA, Bruno A, Mento C, Chusid E, Han Z, Thomas FP, Battaglia F. Motor Cortex Response to Pleasant Odor Perception and Imagery: The Differential Role of Personality Dimensions and Imagery Ability. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:943469. [PMID: 35903786 PMCID: PMC9314567 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.943469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroimaging studies have shown a complex pattern of brain activation during perception of a pleasant odor and during its olfactory imagery. To date, little is known regarding changes in motor cortex excitability during these tasks. Bergamot essential oil (BEO) is extensively used in perfumes and cosmetics for its pleasantness. Therefore, to further our understanding of the human sense of smell, this study aimed to investigate the effect of perception and imagery of a pleasant odor (BEO) on motor cortex using Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Materials and Methods We examined the primary motor cortex (M1) excitability during perception of a pleasant odor (BEO) or perception of odorless saline (experiment 1). Furthermore, we tested the effect of olfactory imagery (OI) of BEO on corticospinal excitability (experiment 2). The increase in motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude was correlated with personality dimensions scores, pleasantness, vividness, and general imagery ability. Results The results indicate that the corticospinal excitability changed after both perception and imagery of a pleasant odor (BEO). The correlation analysis shows an association with neuroticism personality trait (experiment 1) and with general olfactory imagery ability (experiment 2). Conclusion Both perception of a pleasant odor and its olfactory imagery modulate motor cortex excitability. The enhanced brain activation is affected by specific individual characteristics. Overall, our findings provide physiological evidence for a complex interaction between the olfactory and motor systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmenrita Infortuna
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Policlinico Universitario “G. Martino”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Gualano
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
- Department of Neurology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - David Freedberg
- Department of Art History and Archeology, Italian Academy for Advanced Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sapan P. Patel
- Department of Art History and Archeology, Italian Academy for Advanced Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Asad M. Sheikh
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, New York College of Podiatric Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Policlinico Universitario “G. Martino”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Bruno
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Policlinico Universitario “G. Martino”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Carmela Mento
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Policlinico Universitario “G. Martino”, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Eileen Chusid
- Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences, New York College of Podiatric Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zhiyong Han
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Florian P. Thomas
- Department of Neurology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Fortunato Battaglia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
- Department of Neurology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
- *Correspondence: Fortunato Battaglia,
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Lanza G, Cosentino FII, Lanuzza B, Tripodi M, Aricò D, Figorilli M, Puligheddu M, Fisicaro F, Bella R, Ferri R, Pennisi M. Reduced Intracortical Facilitation to TMS in Both Isolated REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) and Early Parkinson's Disease with RBD. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092291. [PMID: 35566417 PMCID: PMC9104430 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND a reduced intracortical facilitation (ICF), a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measure largely mediated by glutamatergic neurotransmission, was observed in subjects affected by isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). However, direct comparison between iRBD and Parkinson's disease (PD) with RBD is currently lacking. METHODS resting motor threshold, contralateral cortical silent period, amplitude and latency of motor evoked potentials, short-interval intracortical inhibition, and intracortical facilitation (ICF) were recorded from 15 drug-naïve iRBD patients, 15 drug-naïve PD with RBD patients, and 15 healthy participants from the right First Dorsal Interosseous muscle. REM sleep atonia index (RAI), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were assessed. RESULTS Groups were similar for sex, age, education, and patients for RBD duration and RAI. Neurological examination, MMSE, ESS, and GDS were normal in iRBD patients and controls; ESS scored worse in PD patients, but with no difference between groups at post hoc analysis. Compared to controls, both patient groups exhibited a significantly decreased ICF, without difference between them. CONCLUSIONS iRBD and PD with RBD shared a reduced ICF, thus suggesting the involvement of glutamatergic transmission both in subjects at risk for degeneration and in those with an overt α-synucleinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Lanza
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018 Troina, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-3782448
| | - Filomena Irene Ilaria Cosentino
- Department of Neurology IC and Sleep Research Center, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018 Troina, Italy; (F.I.I.C.); (B.L.); (M.T.); (D.A.)
| | - Bartolo Lanuzza
- Department of Neurology IC and Sleep Research Center, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018 Troina, Italy; (F.I.I.C.); (B.L.); (M.T.); (D.A.)
| | - Mariangela Tripodi
- Department of Neurology IC and Sleep Research Center, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018 Troina, Italy; (F.I.I.C.); (B.L.); (M.T.); (D.A.)
| | - Debora Aricò
- Department of Neurology IC and Sleep Research Center, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018 Troina, Italy; (F.I.I.C.); (B.L.); (M.T.); (D.A.)
| | - Michela Figorilli
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari and AOU Cagliari, Asse Didattico E., SS 554 Bivio Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (M.P.)
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Asse Didattico E., SS 554 Bivio Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Monica Puligheddu
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari and AOU Cagliari, Asse Didattico E., SS 554 Bivio Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (M.P.)
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Asse Didattico E., SS 554 Bivio Sestu, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Fisicaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95125 Catania, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, Via Conte Ruggero 73, 94018 Troina, Italy;
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy; (F.F.); (M.P.)
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Natale A, Concerto C, Rodolico A, Birgillito A, Bonelli M, Martinez M, Signorelli MS, Petralia A, Infortuna C, Battaglia F, Aguglia E. Risk Perception among Psychiatric Patients during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052620. [PMID: 35270313 PMCID: PMC8909657 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The fear of the new coronavirus infection has driven many non-COVID-19 patients away from essential healthcare. Our study aimed to investigate the perception of risk and feelings of danger for the contagion in a sample of Italian psychiatric patients. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown in Italy. The risk perception and risk-related variables were assessed in a sample of 150 consecutive patients with a previous diagnosis of major depression (50), bipolar I disorder (50), and schizophrenia seeking ambulatory care using a questionnaire previously administered to the general Italian population. Our results showed that patients were more concerned about economic, psychological, and interpersonal consequences of COVID-19 pandemic, rather than about their own health. At the multiple regression analysis, the likelihood of COVID-19 resolution was positively influenced by the diagnosis of schizophrenia, the increased perceived effectiveness, and the presence of positive emotions. Indeed, positive emotions and uncertainty positively influenced interpersonal risk. Our study highlights the need to provide more support to psychiatric patients during emergency events to prevent them from engaging in risky behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antimo Natale
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (C.C.); (A.R.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Carmen Concerto
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (C.C.); (A.R.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Alessandro Rodolico
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (C.C.); (A.R.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Andrea Birgillito
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (C.C.); (A.R.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Marina Bonelli
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (C.C.); (A.R.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Miriam Martinez
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (C.C.); (A.R.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Maria Salvina Signorelli
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (C.C.); (A.R.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Antonino Petralia
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (C.C.); (A.R.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Carmenrita Infortuna
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98121 Messina, Italy;
| | - Fortunato Battaglia
- Department of Medical Sciences and Neurology, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Eugenio Aguglia
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.N.); (C.C.); (A.R.); (A.B.); (M.B.); (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.P.); (E.A.)
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Concerto C, Rodolico A, Ciancio A, Messina C, Natale A, Mineo L, Battaglia F, Aguglia E. Vitamin D and Depressive Symptoms in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:199. [PMID: 35010459 PMCID: PMC8750302 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) risk and disease activity. There is some controversy as to whether vitamin D could have an impact on depressive symptoms in people with MS (pwMS). The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate the association between vitamin D status and depressive symptoms in pwMS. METHODS We searched databases to include studies published up to March 2021 to provide an overview of the available evidence on the correlation between vitamin D status and depressive symptoms in pwMS. The eligibility criteria were as follows: studies evaluating the use of vitamin D measurement on depressive symptoms in patients suffering from MS, including randomized and non-randomized studies; studies written in English; and studies exploring an adult population over the age of 18. RESULTS Eleven studies met our inclusion criteria: two of them were abstracts only; the majority were cross-sectional studies; two were prospective longitudinal studies; one was a retrospective cohort study; and one was a randomized placebo-controlled trial (RCT). Of the eleven studies selected, seven showed a potential correlation between low vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Future RCT studies should include patients with greater severity of depressive symptoms and should consider confounding factors such as sun exposure and seasonal variation of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Concerto
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.R.); (A.C.); (A.N.); (L.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Alessandro Rodolico
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.R.); (A.C.); (A.N.); (L.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Alessia Ciancio
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.R.); (A.C.); (A.N.); (L.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Christian Messina
- MS Center, Department “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Antimo Natale
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.R.); (A.C.); (A.N.); (L.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Ludovico Mineo
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.R.); (A.C.); (A.N.); (L.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Fortunato Battaglia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology and Psychiatry, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA;
| | - Eugenio Aguglia
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.R.); (A.C.); (A.N.); (L.M.); (E.A.)
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Zettin M, Bondesan C, Nada G, Varini M, Dimitri D. Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation and Behavioral Training, a Promising Tool for a Tailor-Made Post-stroke Aphasia Rehabilitation: A Review. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:742136. [PMID: 34987366 PMCID: PMC8722401 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.742136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphasia is an acquired language disorder resulting from damage to portions of the brain which are responsible for language comprehension and formulation. This disorder can involve different levels of language processing with impairments in both oral and written comprehension and production. Over the last years, different rehabilitation and therapeutic interventions have been developed, especially non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques. One of the most used NIBS techniques in aphasia rehabilitation is the Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation (tDCS). It has been proven to be effective in promoting a successful recovery both in the short and the long term after a brain injury. The main strength of tDCS is its feasibility associated with relatively minor side effects, if safely and properly administered. TDCS requires two electrodes, an anode and a cathode, which are generally placed on the scalp. The electrode montage can be either unipolar or bipolar. The main aim of this review is to give an overview of the state of the art of tDCS for the treatment of aphasia. The studies described included patients with different types of language impairments, especially with non-fluent aphasia and in several cases anomia. The effects of tDCS are variable and depend on several factors, such as electrode size and montage, duration of the stimulation, current density and characteristics of the brain tissue underneath the electrodes. Generally, tDCS has led to promising results in rehabilitating patients with acquired aphasia, especially if combined with different language and communication therapies. The selection of the appropriate approach depends on the patients treated and their impaired language function. When used in combination with treatments such as Speech and Language Therapy, Constraint Induced Aphasia Therapy or Intensive Action Treatment, tDCS has generally promoted a better recovery of the impaired functions. In addition to these rehabilitation protocols, Action Observation Therapy, such as IMITAF, appeared to contribute to the reduction of post-stroke anomia. The potential of combining such techniques with tDCS would would therefore be a possibility for further improvement, also providing the clinician with a new action and intervention tool. The association of a tDCS protocol with a dedicated rehabilitation training would favor a generalized long-term improvement of the different components of language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Zettin
- Centro Puzzle, Turin, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Nada
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Matteo Varini
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Danilo Dimitri
- Centro Puzzle, Turin, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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13
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Turco CV, Toepp SL, Foglia SD, Dans PW, Nelson AJ. Association of short- and long-latency afferent inhibition with human behavior. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:1462-1480. [PMID: 34030051 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.02.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) paired with nerve stimulation evokes short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) and long-latency afferent inhibition (LAI), which are non-invasive assessments of the excitability of the sensorimotor system. SAI and LAI are abnormally reduced in various special populations in comparison to healthy controls. However, the relationship between afferent inhibition and human behavior remains unclear. The purpose of this review is to survey the current literature and synthesize observations and patterns that affect the interpretation of SAI and LAI in the context of human behavior. We discuss human behaviour across the motor and cognitive domains, and in special and control populations. Further, we discuss future considerations for research in this field and the potential for clinical applications. By understanding how human behavior is mediated by changes in SAI and LAI, this can allow us to better understand the neurophysiological underpinnings of human motor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia V Turco
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Stephen L Toepp
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Stevie D Foglia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Patrick W Dans
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Aimee J Nelson
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
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14
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Reliability of transcranial magnetic stimulation measures of afferent inhibition. Brain Res 2019; 1723:146394. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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