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REDUCED POWER AND PHASE-LOCKING VALUES WERE ACCOMPANIED BY THALAMUS, PUTAMEN AND HIPPOCAMPUS ATROPHY IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: AN EVENT-RELATED OSCILLATION STUDY. Neurobiol Aging 2022; 121:88-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Altered directed connectivity during processing of implicit versus explicit predictive stimuli in Parkinson's disease patients. Brain Cogn 2021; 152:105773. [PMID: 34225173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The study investigated the role of top-down versus bottom-up connectivity, during the processing of implicit or explicit predictive information, in Parkinson's disease (PD). EEG was recorded during the performance of a task, which evaluated the ability to utilize either implicit or explicit predictive contextual information in order to facilitate the detection of predictable versus random targets. Thus, subjects performed an implicit and explicit session, where subjects were either unaware or made aware of a predictive sequence that signals the presentation of a subsequent target, respectively. We evaluated EEG event-related directed connectivity, in PD patients compared with healthy age-matched controls, using phase transfer entropy. PD patients showed increased top-down frontal-parietal connectivity, compared to control subjects, during the processing of the last (most informative) stimulus of the predictive sequence and of random standards, in the implicit and explicit session, respectively. These findings suggest that PD is associated with compensatory top-down connectivity, specifically during the processing of implicit predictive stimuli. During the explicit session, PD patients seem to allocate more attentional resources to non-informative standard stimuli, compared to controls. These connectivity changes shed further light on the cognitive deficits, associated with the processing of predictive contextual information, that are observed in PD patients.
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Tran KH, McDonald AP, D'Arcy RCN, Song X. Contextual Processing and the Impacts of Aging and Neurodegeneration: A Scoping Review. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:345-361. [PMID: 33658771 PMCID: PMC7917362 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s287619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Contextual processing (or context processing; CP) is an integral component of cognition. CP allows people to manage their thoughts and actions by adjusting to surroundings. CP involves the formation of an internal representation of context in relation to the environment, maintenance of this information over a period of time, and the updating of mental representations to reflect changes in the environment. Each of these functions can be affected by aging and associated conditions. Here, we introduced contextual processing research and summarized the literature studying the impact of normal aging and neurodegeneration-related cognitive decline on CP. Through searching the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar databases, 23 studies were retrieved that focused on the impact of aging, mild cogniitve impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) on CP. Results indicated that CP is particularly vulnerable to aging and neurodegeneration. Older adults had a delayed onset and reduced amplitude of electrophysiological response to information detection, comparison, and execution. MCI patients demonstrated clear signs of impaired CP compared to normal aging. The only study on AD suggested a decreased proactive control in AD participants in maintaining contextual information, but seemingly intact reactive control. Studies on PD restricted to non-demented older participants, who showed limited ability to use contextual information in cognitive and motor processes, exhibiting impaired reactive control but more or less intact proactive control. These data suggest that the decline in CP with age is further impacted by accelerated aging and neurodegeneration, providing insights for improving intervention strategies. This review highlights the need for increased attention to research this important but understudied field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim H Tran
- Clinical Research Centre, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health Authority, Surrey, BC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Andrew P McDonald
- Clinical Research Centre, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health Authority, Surrey, BC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ryan C N D'Arcy
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xiaowei Song
- Clinical Research Centre, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health Authority, Surrey, BC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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Güntekin B, Aktürk T, Yıldırım E, Yılmaz NH, Hanoğlu L, Yener G. Abnormalities in auditory and visual cognitive processes are differentiated with theta responses in patients with Parkinson's disease with and without dementia. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 153:65-79. [PMID: 32339563 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The research on the abnormalities of event-related oscillations in Parkinson's disease (PD) was mostly studied with cognitively normal patients. The present study aims to show the adverse effects of cognitive decline in PD patients via the EEG-Brain Oscillations approach by comparing the electrophysiological responses in two modalities, i.e. auditory, and visual in which PD group show deficit. We conducted a study in which we analyzed event-related theta power and phase-locking during auditory and visual oddball paradigm. Cognitively normal PD (PDCN) patients (N = 15), PD with mild cognitive impairment (PDMCI) patients (N = 22), PD dementia (PDD) patients (N = 11) and healthy controls (HC) (N = 17) were included in the study. Neuropsychological assessments were applied to all participants. There was a gradual decrease in scores of neuropsychological tests (HC, PDCN, PDMCI, PDD, respectively). Most of the neuropsychological test scores of the participants were highly correlated with the theta power and theta phase locking values, especially over frontal-central areas. HC had higher theta phase-locking and power in comparison to PDMCI and PDD. The differentiation between HC and PDCN was specific to frontal-central areas. Theta power and theta phase-locking were decreased overall locations in PDMCI and PDD both during visual and auditory oddball paradigms compared with PDCN. The results indicate that theta responses in PD patients decreased gradually as the cognitive decline increased. We can conclude that complex abnormalities in their neurotransmitter and neuronal signal systems that occur with the progression of the disease could be responsible for these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Güntekin
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Istanbul, Turkey; REMER, Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Lab., Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Tuba Aktürk
- Istanbul Medipol University, Vocational School, Program of Electroneurophysiology, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yıldırım
- Istanbul Medipol University, Vocational School, Program of Electroneurophysiology, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Neuroscience, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Helvacı Yılmaz
- Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lütfü Hanoğlu
- REMER, Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Lab., Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Görsev Yener
- Dokuz Eylül University Medical School, Department of Neurology, Izmir, Turkey; Dokuz Eylül University, Brain Dynamics Multidisciplinary Research Center, Izmir, Turkey
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Fogelson N, Diaz-Brage P, Li L, Peled A, Klein E. Functional connectivity abnormalities during processing of predictive stimuli in patients with major depressive disorder. Brain Res 2020; 1727:146543. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Altered predictive contextual processing of emotional faces versus abstract stimuli in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:963-975. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Competitive Frontoparietal Interactions Mediate Implicit Inferences. J Neurosci 2019; 39:5183-5194. [PMID: 31015338 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2551-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequent experience with regularities in our environment allows us to use predictive information to guide our decision process. However, contingencies in our environment are not always explicitly present and sometimes need to be inferred. Heretofore, it remained unknown how predictive information guides decision-making when explicit knowledge is absent and how the brain shapes such implicit inferences. In the present experiment, 17 human participants (9 females) performed a discrimination task in which a target stimulus was preceded by a predictive cue. Critically, participants had no explicit knowledge that some of the cues signaled an upcoming target, allowing us to investigate how implicit inferences emerge and guide decision-making. Despite unawareness of the cue-target contingencies, participants were able to use implicit information to improve performance. Concurrent EEG recordings demonstrate that implicit inferences rely upon interactions between internally and externally oriented networks, whereby prefrontal regions inhibit parietal cortex under internal implicit control.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Regularities in our environment can guide our behavior providing information about upcoming events. Interestingly, such predictive information does not need to be explicitly represented to effectively guide our decision process. Here, we show how the brain engages in such real-world "data mining" and how implicit inferences emerge. We used a contingency cueing task and demonstrated that implicit inferences influenced responses to subsequent targets despite a lack of awareness of cue-target contingencies. Further, we show that these implicit inferences emerge through interactions between internally and externally oriented neural networks. The current results highlight the importance of prefrontal processes in transforming external events into predictive internalized models of the world.
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Athletes versus video game players: A predictive contextual processing study. Neurosci Lett 2018; 684:156-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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