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Wilkins EW, Young RJ, Houston D, Kawana E, Lopez Mora E, Sunkara MS, Riley ZA, Poston B. Non-Dominant Hemisphere Excitability Is Unaffected during and after Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Dominant Hemisphere. Brain Sci 2024; 14:694. [PMID: 39061434 PMCID: PMC11274959 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) increases primary motor cortex (M1) excitability and improves motor performance when applied unilaterally to the dominant hemisphere. However, the influence of tDCS on contralateral M1 excitability both during and after application has not been quantified. The purpose was to determine the influence of tDCS applied to the dominant M1 on the excitability of the contralateral non-dominant M1. This study employed a double-blind, randomized, SHAM-controlled, within-subject crossover experimental design. Eighteen young adults performed two experimental sessions (tDCS, SHAM) in counterbalanced order separated by a one-week washout. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to quantify the excitability of the contralateral M1 to which anodal tDCS was applied for 20 min with a current strength of 1 mA. Motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes were assessed in 5 TMS test blocks (Pre, D5, D10, D15, and Post). The Pre and Post TMS test blocks were performed immediately before and after tDCS application, whereas the TMS test blocks performed during tDCS were completed at the 5, 10, and 15 min stimulation timepoints. MEPs were analyzed with a 2 condition (tDCS, SHAM) × 5 test (Pre, D5, D10, D15, Post) within-subject ANOVA. The main effect for condition (p = 0.213), the main effect for test (p = 0.502), and the condition × test interaction (p = 0.860) were all not statistically significant. These results indicate that tDCS does not modulate contralateral M1 excitability during or immediately after application, at least under the current set of common tDCS parameters of stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik W. Wilkins
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Neuroscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Richard J. Young
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Neuroscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Daniel Houston
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (D.H.); (E.K.); (E.L.M.)
| | - Eric Kawana
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (D.H.); (E.K.); (E.L.M.)
| | - Edgar Lopez Mora
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (D.H.); (E.K.); (E.L.M.)
| | - Meghana S. Sunkara
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
| | - Zachary A. Riley
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Brach Poston
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
- Interdisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Neuroscience, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
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Veldema J, Steingräber T, von Grönheim L, Wienecke J, Regel R, Schack T, Schütz C. Direct Current Stimulation over the Primary Motor Cortex, Cerebellum, and Spinal Cord to Modulate Balance Performance: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:353. [PMID: 38671775 PMCID: PMC11048454 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Existing applications of non-invasive brain stimulation in the modulation of balance ability are focused on the primary motor cortex (M1). It is conceivable that other brain and spinal cord areas may be comparable or more promising targets in this regard. This study compares transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over (i) the M1, (ii) the cerebellum, and (iii) trans-spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) in the modulation of balance ability. METHODS Forty-two sports students were randomized in this placebo-controlled study. Twenty minutes of anodal 1.5 mA t/tsDCS over (i) the M1, (ii) the cerebellum, and (iii) the spinal cord, as well as (iv) sham tDCS were applied to each subject. The Y Balance Test, Single Leg Landing Test, and Single Leg Squat Test were performed prior to and after each intervention. RESULTS The Y Balance Test showed significant improvement after real stimulation of each region compared to sham stimulation. While tsDCS supported the balance ability of both legs, M1 and cerebellar tDCS supported right leg stand only. No significant differences were found in the Single Leg Landing Test and the Single Leg Squat Test. CONCLUSIONS Our data encourage the application of DCS over the cerebellum and spinal cord (in addition to the M1 region) in supporting balance control. Future research should investigate and compare the effects of different stimulation protocols (anodal or cathodal direct current stimulation (DCS), alternating current stimulation (ACS), high-definition DCS/ACS, closed-loop ACS) over these regions in healthy people and examine the potential of these approaches in the neurorehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Veldema
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (T.S.); (L.v.G.); (R.R.); (T.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Teni Steingräber
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (T.S.); (L.v.G.); (R.R.); (T.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Leon von Grönheim
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (T.S.); (L.v.G.); (R.R.); (T.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Jana Wienecke
- Department of Exercise and Health, Paderborn University, 33098 Paderborn, Germany;
| | - Rieke Regel
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (T.S.); (L.v.G.); (R.R.); (T.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Thomas Schack
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (T.S.); (L.v.G.); (R.R.); (T.S.); (C.S.)
| | - Christoph Schütz
- Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; (T.S.); (L.v.G.); (R.R.); (T.S.); (C.S.)
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Muller CO, Metais A, Boublay N, Breuil C, Deligault S, Di Rienzo F, Guillot A, Collet C, Krolak-Salmon P, Saimpont A. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation does not enhance the effects of motor imagery training of a sequential finger-tapping task in young adults. J Sports Sci 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38574326 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2328418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
When applied over the primary motor cortex (M1), anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) could enhance the effects of a single motor imagery training (MIt) session on the learning of a sequential finger-tapping task (SFTT). This study aimed to investigate the effect of a-tDCS on the learning of an SFTT during multiple MIt sessions. Two groups of 16 healthy young adults participated in three consecutive MIt sessions over 3 days, followed by a retention test 1 week later. They received active or sham a-tDCS during a MIt session in which they mentally rehearsed an eight-item complex finger sequence with their left hand. Before and after each session, and during the retention test, they physically repeated the sequence as quickly and accurately as possible. Both groups (i) improved their performance during the first two sessions, showing online learning; (ii) stabilised the level they reached during all training sessions, reflecting offline consolidation; and (iii) maintained their performance level one week later, showing retention. However, no significant difference was found between the groups, regardless of the MSL stage. These results emphasise the importance of performing several MIt sessions to maximise performance gains, but they do not support the additional effects of a-tDCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille O Muller
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LIBM, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, UR 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
- EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Alès, Montpellier, France
| | - Angèle Metais
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LIBM, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, UR 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nawale Boublay
- Centre de Recherche Clinique Vieillissement Cerveau - Fragilité, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Caroline Breuil
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LIBM, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, UR 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sébastien Deligault
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal et Pluridisciplinaire en Imagerie du Vivant (CERMEP), Département de MagnétoEncéphalographie, Bron, France
| | - Franck Di Rienzo
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LIBM, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, UR 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aymeric Guillot
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LIBM, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, UR 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christian Collet
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LIBM, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, UR 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pierre Krolak-Salmon
- Centre de Recherche Clinique Vieillissement Cerveau - Fragilité, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Arnaud Saimpont
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LIBM, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences, UR 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
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Nascimento Guimarães A, Beggiato Porto A, Junior Guidotti F, Soca Bazo N, Ugrinowitsch H, Hugo Alves Okazaki V. Effect of Transcranial direct current stimulation of the Primary motor Cortex and cerebellum on motor control and learning of geometric drawing tasks with varied cognitive demands. Brain Res 2024; 1828:148786. [PMID: 38266889 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Nascimento Guimarães
- State University of Londrina, Department of Physical Education, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Beggiato Porto
- State University of Londrina, Department of Physical Education, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Flavio Junior Guidotti
- State University of Londrina, Department of Physical Education, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Norberto Soca Bazo
- State University of Londrina, Department of Physical Education, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Brazil; Licungo University, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Rua de Comandante Gaivão Extensão da Beira, Moçambique
| | - Herbert Ugrinowitsch
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Alves Okazaki
- State University of Londrina, Department of Physical Education, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid - Pr 445, Km 380, Campus Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
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Roshan JHN, Chamanabad AG, Mashhadi A, Motamedi M. Cathodal HD-tDCS and attention: A study on patients with intractable left lateral frontal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2024; 199:107265. [PMID: 38071911 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Defects in the attentional network in patients with epilepsy are influenced by factors such as the location of epileptic foci. Examining the impact of cathodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on attention components could provide insights into potential attention-related side effects of tDCS. This study aimed to investigate the effect of cathodal HD-tDCS on interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs), auditory/visual (A/V) attention components, and reaction time (RT) in patients with intractable focal left lateral frontal lobe epilepsy (LFLE). METHODS To control for variations in individual epilepsy syndrome, 12 adult participants diagnosed with drug-resistant left LFLE with focal cortical IEDs on C3 underwent repeated measurements at pretest, posttest, and follow-up steps. 4 × 1 ring electrodes (cathode on C3 and four anodes on F3, P3, T3, and Cz) delivered 2 mA DC for 20 min per session for 10 consecutive days. The integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA+) assessed the A/V attention components and RT. One-way repeated-measure ANOVA was used. RESULTS The findings suggest a significant effect in reducing IEDs. The IVA+ results showed a significant improvement in auditory divided attention and visual selective and focused attention (p < 0.05). In the follow-up, these changes demonstrated lasting efficacy. A/V speed scales increased (p < 0.05), showing a significant decrease in reaction time. CONCLUSIONS Cathodal HD-tDCS significantly reduced IEDs and improved the components of auditory divided attention, visual focused attention, and visual selective attention, with a reduction in patient reaction time. A significant lasting, side-effect-free positive effect was observed for up to one month after the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Ghanaei Chamanabad
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Cognitive Science Research Center, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ali Mashhadi
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Cognitive Science Research Center, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Motamedi
- Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Sasaki A, Aisawa A, Takeuchi N. Transcranial direct current stimulation facilitates backward walking training. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:67-77. [PMID: 37955707 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Backward walking training presents a great challenge to the physical and neural systems, which may result in an improvement in gait performance. Transcranial direct current electrical stimulation (tDCS), which can non-invasively enhance cortical activity, has been reported to strengthen corticomotor plasticity. We investigated whether excitatory tDCS over the primary motor cortex (M1) or the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) enhances the effects of backward walking training in healthy participants. Thirty-six healthy participants (16 men and 20 women, mean age 21.3 ± 1.4 years) participated in this study. The participants were randomly assigned to one of the three tDCS groups (M1, DLPFC, and sham). They performed 5 min of backward walking training during 15 min of tDCS. We evaluated dual-task forward and backward walking performance before and after training. Both tDCS groups increased walking speed in the backward condition, but the DLPFC group increased the dual-task backward walking speed more than the M1 group. The M1 group showed decreased gait variability in dual-task backward walking, whereas the DLPFC group showed increased gait variability. Backward walking training combined with M1 stimulation may increase the backward walking speed by reducing gait variability. Backward walking training combined with DLPFC stimulation may prioritize walking speed over gait stability. Our results indicate that backward walking training combined with tDCS may be extended to other rehabilitation methods to improve gait performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayuka Sasaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Anri Aisawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
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Pantovic M, de Albuquerque LL, Mastrantonio S, Pomerantz AS, Wilkins EW, Riley ZA, Guadagnoli MA, Poston B. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of Primary Motor Cortex over Multiple Days Improves Motor Learning of a Complex Overhand Throwing Task. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1441. [PMID: 37891809 PMCID: PMC10604977 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) improves motor learning in relatively simple motor tasks performed with the hand and arm. However, it is unknown if tDCS can improve motor learning in complex motor tasks involving whole-body coordination with significant endpoint accuracy requirements. The primary purpose was to determine the influence of tDCS on motor learning over multiple days in a complex over-hand throwing task. This study utilized a double-blind, randomized, SHAM-controlled, between-subjects experimental design. Forty-six young adults were allocated to either a tDCS group or a SHAM group and completed three experimental sessions on three consecutive days at the same time of day. Each experimental session was identical and consisted of overhand throwing trials to a target in a pre-test block, five practice blocks performed simultaneously with 20 min of tDCS, and a post-test block. Overhand throwing performance was quantified as the endpoint error. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to obtain motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) from the first dorsal interosseus muscle to quantify changes in M1 excitability due to tDCS. Endpoint error significantly decreased over the three days of practice in the tDCS group but not in the SHAM group. MEP amplitude significantly increased in the tDCS group, but the MEP increases were not associated with increases in motor learning. These findings indicate that tDCS applied over multiple days can improve motor learning in a complex motor tasks in healthy young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Pantovic
- Health and Human Performance Department, Utah Tech University, St. George, UT 84770, USA;
| | - Lidio Lima de Albuquerque
- School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, University of North Carolina-Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA;
| | - Sierra Mastrantonio
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (S.M.); (A.S.P.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Austin S. Pomerantz
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (S.M.); (A.S.P.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Erik W. Wilkins
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
| | - Zachary A. Riley
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Mark A. Guadagnoli
- School of Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA; (S.M.); (A.S.P.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Brach Poston
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA;
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