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Balla H, Borsodi K, Őrsy P, Horváth B, Molnár PJ, Lénárt Á, Kosztelnik M, Ruisanchez É, Wess J, Offermanns S, Nyirády P, Benyó Z. Intracellular signaling pathways of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated detrusor muscle contractions. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F618-F628. [PMID: 37675459 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00261.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine plays an essential role in the regulation of detrusor muscle contractions, and antimuscarinics are widely used in the management of overactive bladder syndrome. However, several adverse effects limit their application and patients' compliance. Thus, this study aimed to further analyze the signal transduction of M2 and M3 receptors in the murine urinary bladder to eventually find more specific therapeutic targets. Experiments were performed on adult male wild-type, M2, M3, M2/M3, or Gαq/11 knockout (KO), and pertussis toxin (PTX)-treated mice. Contraction force and RhoA activity were measured in the urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM). Our results indicate that carbamoylcholine (CCh)-induced contractions were associated with increased activity of RhoA and were reduced in the presence of the Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632 in UBSM. CCh-evoked contractile responses and RhoA activation were markedly reduced in detrusor strips lacking either M2 or M3 receptors and abolished in M2/M3 KO mice. Inhibition of Gαi-coupled signaling by PTX treatment shifted the concentration-response curve of CCh to the right and diminished RhoA activation. CCh-induced contractile responses were markedly decreased in Gαq/11 KO mice; however, RhoA activation was unaffected. In conclusion, cholinergic detrusor contraction and RhoA activation are mediated by both M2 and M3 receptors. Furthermore, whereas both Gαi and Gαq/11 proteins mediate UBSM contraction, the activation at the RhoA-ROCK pathway appears to be linked specifically to Gαi. These findings may aid the identification of more specific therapeutic targets for bladder dysfunctions.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are of utmost importance in physiological regulation of micturition and also in the development of voiding disorders. We demonstrate that the RhoA-Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) pathway plays a crucial role in contractions induced by cholinergic stimulation in detrusor muscle. Activation of RhoA is mediated by both M2 and M3 receptors as well as by Gi but not Gq/11 proteins. The Gi-RhoA-ROCK pathway may provide a novel therapeutic target for overactive voiding disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Balla
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kinga Borsodi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Petra Őrsy
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Horváth
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter József Molnár
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Lénárt
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mónika Kosztelnik
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SE Cerebrosvascular and Neurodegenerative Disease Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Ruisanchez
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SE Cerebrosvascular and Neurodegenerative Disease Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jürgen Wess
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Péter Nyirády
- Department of Urology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SE Cerebrosvascular and Neurodegenerative Disease Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
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Azuma YT, Suzuki S, Nishiyama K, Yamaguchi T. Gastrointestinal motility modulation by stress is associated with reduced smooth muscle contraction through specific transient receptor potential channel. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:622-629. [PMID: 33583865 PMCID: PMC8111361 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive stress response causes disability in social life. There are many diseases
caused by stress, such as gastrointestinal motility disorders, depression, eating
disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels
underlie non-selective cation currents and are downstream effectors of G protein-coupled
receptors. Ca2+ influx is important for smooth muscle contraction, which is
responsible for gastrointestinal motility. Little is known about the possible involvement
of TRP channels in the gastrointestinal motility disorders due to stress. The purpose of
this study was to measure the changes in gastrointestinal motility caused by stress and to
elucidate the mechanism of these changes. The stress model used the water immersion
restraint stress. Gastrointestinal motility, especially the ileum, was recorded responses
to electric field stimulation (EFS) by isometric transducer. EFS-induced contraction was
significantly reduced in the ileum of stressed mouse. Even under the conditions treated
with atropine, EFS-induced contraction was significantly reduced in the ileum of stressed
mouse. In addition, carbachol-induced, neurokinin A-induced, and substance P-induced
contractions were all significantly reduced in the ileum of stressed mouse. Furthermore,
the expression of TRPC3 was decreased in the ileum of stressed mouse. These results
suggest that the gastrointestinal motility disorders due to stress is associated with
specific non-selective cation channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasu-Taka Azuma
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Division of Veterinary Science, Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Sho Suzuki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Division of Veterinary Science, Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nishiyama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Division of Veterinary Science, Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Taro Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
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Singh N, Mizoguchi S, Suzuki T, Zabbarova I, Ikeda Y, Kanai A, Chermansky C, Yoshimura N, Tyagi P. Excitatory effect of acotiamide on rat and human bladder: Implications for underactive bladder treatment. Life Sci 2020; 258:118179. [PMID: 32758626 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether approved gastroprokinetic agent, acotiamide exerts a direct excitatory effect on bladder to help explain the reported meaningful reduction of post-void residual urine volume (PVR) in detrusor underactivity (DU) patients after thrice daily oral intake of acotiamide 100 mg for 2 weeks. METHODS Effect of acotiamide [1-16 μM] was assessed on nerve-mediated contractions evoked by electrical field stimulation (EFS) for 5 s with 5 ms pulse trains of 10 V in longitudinal, mucosa intact rat and human bladder strips to construct frequency response curve (1-32 Hz) and repeat 10 Hz stimulation at 60s interval. Effect of acotiamide 2 μM on spontaneous and carbachol evoked contractions was also assessed. RESULTS Acotiamide 2 μM significantly enhanced the Atropine and Tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive EFS evoked contractions of rat and human bladder at 8-32 Hz (Two-way ANOVA followed Sidak's multiple comparison; *p < 0.01) and on repeat 10 Hz stimulation (Paired Student's t-test; *p < 0.05), while producing a modest effect on the spontaneous contractions and a negligible effect on the carbachol evoked contractions. CONCLUSIONS Enhancement of TTX-sensitive evoked contractions of rat and human bladder by acotiamide is consistent with the enhancement of excitatory neuro-effector transmission mainly through prejunctional mechanisms. Findings highlight immense therapeutic potential of antimuscarinics with low M3 receptor affinity like acotiamide in Underactive bladder (UAB)/DU treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Singh
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Shinsuke Mizoguchi
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Takahisa Suzuki
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Irina Zabbarova
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Youko Ikeda
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Anthony Kanai
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Christopher Chermansky
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Pradeep Tyagi
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America.
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Deckmann K, Rafiq A, Erdmann C, Illig C, Durschnabel M, Wess J, Weidner W, Bschleipfer T, Kummer W. Muscarinic receptors 2 and 5 regulate bitter response of urethral brush cells via negative feedback. FASEB J 2018; 32:2903-2910. [PMID: 29401598 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700582r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We have recently identified a cholinergic chemosensory cell in the urethral epithelium, urethral brush cell (UBC), that, upon stimulation with bitter or bacterial substances, initiates a reflex detrusor activation. Here, we elucidated cholinergic mechanisms that modulate UBC responsiveness. We analyzed muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1-5 mAChR) expression by using RT-PCR in UBCs, recorded [Ca2+]i responses to a bitter stimulus in isolated UBCs of wild-type and mAChR-deficient mice, and performed cystometry in all involved strains. The bitter response of UBCs was enhanced by global cholinergic and selective M2 inhibition, diminished by positive allosteric modulation of M5, and unaffected by M1, M3, and M4 mAChR inhibitors. This effect was not observed in M2 and M5 mAChR-deficient mice. In cystometry, M5 mAChR-deficient mice demonstrated signs of detrusor overactivity. In conclusion, M2 and M5 mAChRs attenuate the bitter response of UBC via a cholinergic negative autocrine feedback mechanism. Cystometry suggests that dysfunction, particularly of the M5 receptor, may lead to such symptoms as bladder overactivity.-Deckmann, K., Rafiq, A., Erdmann, C., Illig, C., Durschnabel, M., Wess, J., Weidner, W., Bschleipfer, T., Kummer, W. Muscarinic receptors 2 and 5 regulate bitter response of urethral brush cells via negative feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Deckmann
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Amir Rafiq
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Erdmann
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology, and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christian Illig
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology, and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Melanie Durschnabel
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology, and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wess
- Molecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wolfgang Weidner
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology, and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Bschleipfer
- Clinic of Urology, Andrology, and Pediatric Urology, Weiden Hospital/Clinics of Nordoberpfalz AG, Weiden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kummer
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Azuma YT, Nishiyama K, Kita S, Komuro I, Nakajima H, Iwamoto T, Takeuchi T. Na(+) /Ca(2+) exchanger 2-heterozygote knockout mice display decreased acetylcholine release and altered colonic motility in vivo. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012; 24:e600-10. [PMID: 23072505 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Na(+) /Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX) is a plasma membrane transporter involved in regulating intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations. NCX is critical for Ca(2+) regulation in cardiac muscle, vascular smooth muscle, and nerve fibers. However, little is known about the physiological role of NCX in the myenteric neurons and smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS To determine the role of NCX1 and NCX2 in gastrointestinal tissues, we examined electric field stimulation (EFS)-induced responses in the longitudinal smooth muscle of the distal colon in NCX1- and NCX2-heterozygote knockout mice. KEY RESULTS We found that the amplitudes of EFS-induced relaxation that persisted during EFS were greater in NCX2 heterozygous mice (HET) than in wild-type mice (WT). Under the nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) condition, EFS-induced relaxation in NCX2 HET was similar in amplitude to that of WT. In addition, an NCX inhibitor, YM-244769 enhanced EFS-induced relaxation but did not affect EFS-induced relaxation under the NANC condition, as in NCX2 HET. Unlike NCX2 HET, NCX1 HET displayed no marked changes in colonic motility. These results indicate that cholinergic function in the colon is altered in NCX2 HET. The magnitude of acetylcholine (ACh)-induced contraction in NCX2 HET was similar to that in WT. In contrast, EFS-induced ACh release was reduced in NCX2 HET compared with that in WT. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES In this study, we demonstrate that NCX2 regulates colonic motility by altering ACh release onto the myenteric neurons of the distal colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Azuma
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Division of Veterinary Science, Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka, Japan.
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Abstract
Voiding of the bladder is the result of a parasympathetic muscarinic receptor activation of the detrusor smooth muscle. However, the maintenance of continence and a normal bladder micturition cycle involves a complex interaction of cholinergic, adrenergic, nitrergic and peptidergic systems that is currently little understood. The cholinergic component of bladder control involves two systems, acetylcholine (ACh) released from parasympathetic nerves and ACh from non-neuronal cells within the urothelium. The actions of ACh on the bladder depend on the presence of muscarinic receptors that are located on the detrusor smooth muscle, where they cause direct (M₃) and indirect (M₂) contraction; pre-junctional nerve terminals where they increase (M₁) or decrease (M₄) the release of ACh and noradrenaline (NA); sensory nerves where they influence afferent nerve activity; umbrella cells in the urothelium where they stimulate the release of ATP and NO; suburothelial interstitial cells with unknown function; and finally, other unidentified sites in the urothelium from where prostaglandins and inhibitory/relaxatory factors are released. Thus, the actions of muscarinic receptor agonists and antagonists on the bladder may be very complex even when considering only local muscarinic actions. Clinically, muscarinic antagonists remain the mainstay of treatment for the overactive bladder (OAB), while muscarinic agonists have been used to treat hypoactive bladder. The antagonists are effective in treating OAB, but their precise mechanisms and sites of action (detrusor, urothelium, and nerves) have yet to be established. Potentially more selective agents may be developed when the cholinergic systems within the bladder are more fully understood.
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Heppner TJ, Werner ME, Nausch B, Vial C, Evans RJ, Nelson MT. Nerve-evoked purinergic signalling suppresses action potentials, Ca2+ flashes and contractility evoked by muscarinic receptor activation in mouse urinary bladder smooth muscle. J Physiol 2009; 587:5275-88. [PMID: 19736301 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.178806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Contraction of urinary bladder smooth muscle (UBSM) is caused by the release of ATP and ACh from parasympathetic nerves. Although both purinergic and muscarinic pathways are important to contraction, their relative contributions and signalling mechanisms are not well understood. Here, the contributions of each pathway to urinary bladder contraction and the underlying electrical and Ca(2+) signalling events were examined in UBSM strips from wild type mice and mice deficient in P2X1 receptors (P2X1(-/-)) before and after pharmacological inhibition of purinergic and muscarinic receptors. Electrical field stimulation was used to excite parasympathetic nerves to increase action potentials, Ca(2+) flash frequency, and force. Loss of P2X1 function not only eliminated action potentials and Ca(2+) flashes during stimulation, but it also led to a significant increase in Ca(2+) flashes following stimulation and a corresponding increase in the force transient. Block of muscarinic receptors did not affect action potentials or Ca(2+) flashes during stimulation, but prevented them following stimulation. These findings indicate that nerve excitation leads to rapid engagement of smooth muscle P2X1 receptors to increase action potentials (Ca(2+) flashes) during stimulation, and a delayed increase in excitability in response to muscarinic receptor activation. Together, purinergic and muscarinic stimulation shape the time course of force transients. Furthermore, this study reveals a novel inhibitory effect of P2X1 receptor activation on subsequent increases in muscarinic-driven excitability and force generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Heppner
- Department of Pharmacology, Given Bldg, Room C315, 89 Beaumont Avenue, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405-0068, USA.
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Characterization of Prejunctional Muscarinic Receptors: Effects on the Release of VIP and Functional Responses and Receptor Expression in the Ovine Submandibular Gland. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2009; 2009:787586. [PMID: 21152206 PMCID: PMC2990107 DOI: 10.1155/2009/787586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the in vivo experiments on anaesthetized sheep, it was presently examined whether
muscarinic receptor antagonists with diverse selectivity affect the release of VIP in response to electrical stimulation of the parasympathetic chorda tympanic nerve differently, and if the changes in the release could be associated to altered secretory and vasodilator responses. The location of the muscarinic receptor subtypes was examined also. In the experiments, blood
was collected out of the submandibular venous drainage before and during electrical stimulation of chorda tympani nerve in the absence and presence either of pirenzepine or methoctramine. While metchoctramine increased the output of protein, pirenzepine inhibited flow of saliva and increased protein output, vasodilatation, and VIP output. In morphological examinations, the inhibitory muscarinic M4 receptor occurred interacinarily in the gland. It is concluded that prejunctional muscarinic receptors, most likely of the M4 subtype, exert inhibitory modulation of the parasympathetic release of VIP in the ovine submandibular gland.
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