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Rackov G, Iegiani G, Uribe D, Quezada C, Belda-Iniesta C, Escobedo-Lucea C, Silva A, Puig P, González-Rumayor V, Ayuso-Sacido Á. Potential Therapeutic Effects of the Neural Stem Cell-Targeting Antibody Nilo1 in Patient-Derived Glioblastoma Stem Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1665. [PMID: 32974206 PMCID: PMC7468525 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most devastating and least treatable brain tumor with median survival <15 months and extremely high recurrence rates. Promising results of immune checkpoint blockade obtained from pre-clinical studies in mice did not translate to clinic, and new strategies are urgently needed, particularly those targeting GBM stem cells (GSCs) that are held responsible for drug resistance and tumor recurrence. Patient-derived GSC cultures are critical for finding effective brain tumor therapies. Here, we investigated the ability of the recently described monoclonal antibody Nilo1 to specifically recognize GSCs isolated from GBM surgical samples. We employed five patient-derived GSC cultures with different stemness marker expression and differentiation potential, able to recapitulate original tumors when xenotransplanted in vivo. To answer whether Nilo1 has any functional effects in patient-derived GSCs lines, we treated the cells with Nilo1 in vitro and analyzed cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, sphere formation, as well as the expression of stem vs. differentiation markers. All tested GSCs stained positively for Nilo1, and the ability of Nilo1 to recognize GSCs strongly relied on their stem-like phenotype. Our results showed that a subset of patient-derived GSCs were sensitive to Nilo1 treatment. In three GSC lines Nilo1 triggered differentiation accompanied by the induction of p21. Most strikingly, in one GSC line Nilo1 completely abrogated self-renewal and led to Bax-associated apoptosis. Our data suggest that Nilo1 targets a molecule functionally relevant for stemness maintenance and pinpoint Nilo1 as a novel antibody-based therapeutical strategy to be used either alone or in combination with cytotoxic drugs for GSC targeting. Further pre-clinical studies are needed to validate the effectiveness of GSC-specific Nilo1 targeting in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gorjana Rackov
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giorgia Iegiani
- Istitute of Applied Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Uribe
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Claudia Quezada
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Carmen Escobedo-Lucea
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Augusto Silva
- Market Access Department, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ángel Ayuso-Sacido
- IMDEA Nanoscience, Madrid, Spain.,Brain Tumor Laboratory, Fundación Vithas, Hospitales Vithas, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biosanitarias, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain.,Formerly, Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain
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Santamaria S, Delgado M, Kremer L, Garcia-Sanz JA. Will a mAb-Based Immunotherapy Directed against Cancer Stem Cells Be Feasible? Front Immunol 2017; 8:1509. [PMID: 29170667 PMCID: PMC5684111 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis suggests that within a tumor, there is a small subpopulation of cells with stem cell properties responsible for tumor maintenance and metastasis generation. This hypothesis also implies that new antitumor drugs, rather than targeting the bulk of the tumor mass, would be more effective if they directly targeted the CSC subpopulation. The CSCs from several types of tumors have been identified with mAbs recognizing surface antigens in these cells; however, antigens specifically or exclusively expressed in the CSC population have not yet been identified. Thus, questioning the possibility of using therapeutic antibodies directed against the CSCs. Here, we review the possibilities of using antibodies directly targeting the CSCs as therapeutic agents in the form of naked antibodies, antibodies conjugated to nanoparticles, or antibody cocktails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Santamaria
- Cancer Genetics and Cancer Stem Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marisa Delgado
- Cancer Genetics and Cancer Stem Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonor Kremer
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia, Department of Immunology and Oncology, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A Garcia-Sanz
- Cancer Genetics and Cancer Stem Cell Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Santamaria S, Garcia-Sanz JA. Insights of the brain damage response using antibodies identifying surface antigens on neural stem cells and neuroblasts. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:1574-5. [PMID: 26692845 PMCID: PMC4660741 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.165266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Santamaria
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A Garcia-Sanz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Detection of mouse endogenous type B astrocytes migrating towards brain lesions. Stem Cell Res 2015; 14:114-29. [PMID: 25564310 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblasts represent the predominant migrating cell type in the adult mouse brain. There are, however, increasing evidences of migration of other neural precursors. This work aims at identifying in vivo endogenous early neural precursors, different from neuroblasts, able to migrate in response to brain injuries. The monoclonal antibody Nilo1, which unequivocally identifies type B astrocytes and embryonic radial glia, was coupled to magnetic glyconanoparticles (mGNPs). Here we show that Nilo1-mGNPs in combination with magnetic resonance imaging in living mice allowed the in vivo identification of endogenous type B astrocytes at their niche, as well as their migration to the lesion site in response to glioblastoma, demyelination, cryolesion or mechanical injuries. In addition, Nilo1(+) adult radial glia-like structures were identified at the lesion site a few hours after damage. For all damage models used, type B astrocyte migration was fast and orderly. Identification of Nilo1(+) cells surrounding an induced glioblastoma was also possible after intraperitoneal injection of the antibody. This opens up the possibility of an early identification of the initial damage site(s) after brain insults, by the migration of type B astrocytes.
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Rajh T, Dimitrijevic NM, Bissonnette M, Koritarov T, Konda V. Titanium Dioxide in the Service of the Biomedical Revolution. Chem Rev 2014; 114:10177-216. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500029g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Rajh
- Center
for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South
Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60540, United States
| | - Nada M. Dimitrijevic
- Center
for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South
Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60540, United States
| | - Marc Bissonnette
- Department
of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 4076, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Tamara Koritarov
- Center
for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South
Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60540, United States
- School
of Medicine, Boston University, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Vani Konda
- Department
of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 4076, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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Mesenchymal stromal-cell transplants induce oligodendrocyte progenitor migration and remyelination in a chronic demyelination model. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e779. [PMID: 23990019 PMCID: PMC3763464 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Demyelinating disorders such as leukodystrophies and multiple sclerosis are neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the progressive loss of myelin that may lead toward a chronic demyelination of the brain's white matter, impairing normal axonal conduction velocity and ultimately causing neurodegeneration. Current treatments modifying the pathological mechanisms are capable of ameliorating the disease; however, frequently, these therapies are not sufficient to repress the progressive demyelination into a chronic condition and permanent loss of function. To this end, we analyzed the effect that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (BM-MSC) grafts exert in a chronically demyelinated mouse brain. As a result, oligodendrocyte progenitors were recruited surrounding the graft due to the expression of various trophic signals by the grafted MSCs. Although there was no significant reaction in the non-grafted side, in the grafted regions oligodendrocyte progenitors were detected. These progenitors were derived from the nearby tissue as well as from the neurogenic niches, including the subependymal zone and dentate gyrus. Once near the graft site, the cells matured to myelinating oligodendrocytes. Finally, electrophysiological studies demonstrated that axonal conduction velocity was significantly increased in the grafted side of the fimbria. In conclusion, we demonstrate here that in chronic demyelinated white matter, BM-MSC transplantation activates oligodendrocyte progenitors and induces remyelination in the tissue surrounding the stem cell graft.
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Elvira G, García I, Benito M, Gallo J, Desco M, Penadés S, Garcia-Sanz JA, Silva A. Live imaging of mouse endogenous neural progenitors migrating in response to an induced tumor. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44466. [PMID: 22957072 PMCID: PMC3434138 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is restricted to specific brain regions. Although involved in the continuous supply of interneurons for the olfactory function, the role of neural precursors in brain damage-repair remains an open question. Aiming to in vivo identify endogenous neural precursor cells migrating towards a brain damage site, the monoclonal antibody Nilo2 recognizing cell surface antigens on neuroblasts, was coupled to magnetic glyconanoparticles (mGNPs). The Nilo2-mGNP complexes allowed, by magnetic resonance imaging in living animals, the in vivo identification of endogenous neural precursors at their niche, as well as their migration to a lesion site (induced brain tumor), which was fast (within hours) and orderly. Interestingly, the rapid migration of neuroblasts towards a damage site is a characteristic that might be exploited to precisely localize early damage events in neurodegenerative diseases. In addition, it might facilitate the study of regenerative mechanisms through the activation of endogenous neural cell precursors. A similar approach, combining magnetic glyconanoparticles linked to appropriate antibodies could be applied to flag other small cell subpopulations within the organism, track their migration, localize stem cell niches, cancer stem cells or even track metastatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Elvira
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel García
- Laboratory of Glyconanotechnology, CICbiomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Marina Benito
- Medicina y Cirugía Experimental, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Gallo
- Laboratory of Glyconanotechnology, CICbiomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Manuel Desco
- Medicina y Cirugía Experimental, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Bioengineering and Aerospatial Engineering, Universidad Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Soledad Penadés
- Laboratory of Glyconanotechnology, CICbiomaGUNE, San Sebastian, Spain
- CIBER-BBN, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jose A. Garcia-Sanz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Augusto Silva
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Elvira G, Moreno B, Valle ID, Garcia-Sanz JA, Canillas M, Chinarro E, Jurado JR, Silva A. Targeting neural stem cells with titanium dioxide nanoparticles coupled to specific monoclonal antibodies. J Biomater Appl 2011; 26:1069-89. [PMID: 21586599 DOI: 10.1177/0885328210393294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aiming to characterize the use of biomaterials in cancer therapy, we took advantage of the n-type semiconductor properties, which upon irradiation excite their electrons into the conduction band to induce photoelectrochemical reactions generating oxygen reactive species (ROS). Indeed, photoactivated TiO(2) nanoparticles have been shown to kill in vitro either bacteria or tumor cells in culture following UV irradiation, as a consequence of the ROS levels generated; the killing was highly effective although devoid of specificity. In this report, we have directed the TiO(2) nanoparticles to particular targets by coupling them to the monoclonal antibody (mAb) Nilo1, recognizing a surface antigen in neural stem cells within a cell culture, to explore the possibility of making this process specific. TiO(2) nanoparticles generated with particular rutile/anatase ratios were coupled to Nilo1 antibody and the complexes formed were highly stable. The coupled antibody retained the ability to identify neural stem cells and upon UV irradiation, the TiO(2) nanoparticles were activated, inducing the selective photokilling of the antibody-targeted cells. Thus, these data indicate that antibody-TiO(2) complexes could be used to specifically remove target cell subpopulations, as demonstrated with neural stem cells. The possible applications in cancer therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Elvira
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Madrid, Spain
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