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Kitao Y, Ageta-Ishihara N, Takahashi R, Kinoshita M, Hori O. Transgenic supplementation of SIRT1 fails to alleviate acute loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons and gliosis in a mouse model of MPTP-induced parkinsonism. F1000Res 2015; 4:130. [PMID: 26167274 PMCID: PMC4482211 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.6386.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dopamine (DA) neuron-selective uptake and toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) causes parkinsonism in humans. Loss of DA neurons via mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress is reproduced by systemic injection of MPTP in animals, which serves as models of parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to test whether pan-neural supplementation of the longevity-related, pleiotropic deacetylase SIRT1, which confers partial tolerance to at least three models of stroke and neurodegeneration, could also alleviate MPTP-induced acute pathological changes in nigrostriatal DA neurons and neighboring glia. Results We employed a line of prion promoter-driven Sirt1-transgenic (Sirt1Tg) mice that chronically overexpress murine SIRT1 in the brain and spinal cord. Sirt1Tg and wild-type (WT) male littermates (3‒4 months old) were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of MPTP. Acute histopathological changes in the midbrain and striatum (caudoputamen) were assessed with serial coronal sections triply labeled for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and nuclear DNA. In the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of the midbrain, the number of TH-positive neurons and the reactive gliosis were comparable between the Sirt1Tg and WT littermates. In the striatum, the relative fluorescence intensity of TH-positive nerve terminals and the level of gliosis did not differ by the genotypes. Conclusions Sirt1Tg and WT littermate mice exhibited comparable acute histopathological reactions to the systemic injection of MPTP, loss of TH-positive neurons and reactive gliosis. Thus, the genetic supplementation of SIRT1 does not confer histologically recognizable protection on nigrostriatal DA neurons against acute toxicity of MPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Kitao
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Natsumi Ageta-Ishihara
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan ; Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Makoto Kinoshita
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Science, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan ; Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Osamu Hori
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Kanazawa University, Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan ; Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Japan
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San Sebastian W, Samaranch L, Kells AP, Forsayeth J, Bankiewicz KS. Gene therapy for misfolding protein diseases of the central nervous system. Neurotherapeutics 2013; 10:498-510. [PMID: 23700209 PMCID: PMC3701766 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-013-0191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation as a result of misfolding is a common theme underlying neurodegenerative diseases. Accordingly, most recent studies aim to prevent protein misfolding and/or aggregation as a strategy to treat these pathologies. For instance, state-of-the-art approaches, such as silencing protein overexpression by means of RNA interference, are being tested with positive outcomes in preclinical models of animals overexpressing the corresponding protein. Therapies designed to treat central nervous system diseases should provide accurate delivery of the therapeutic agent and long-term or chronic expression by means of a nontoxic delivery vehicle. After several years of technical advances and optimization, gene therapy emerges as a promising approach able to fulfill those requirements. In this review we will summarize the latest improvements achieved in gene therapy for central nervous system diseases associated with protein misfolding (e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and prion diseases), as well as the most recent approaches in this field to treat these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldy San Sebastian
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 1855 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Lluis Samaranch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 1855 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Adrian P. Kells
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 1855 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - John Forsayeth
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 1855 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Krystof S. Bankiewicz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 1855 Folsom Street, San Francisco, CA USA
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