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Jiang H, Kimura Y, Inoue S, Li C, Hatakeyama J, Wakayama M, Takamura D, Moriyama H. Effects of different exercise modes and intensities on cognitive performance, adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity in mice. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:1709-1719. [PMID: 38806710 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Exercise can induce beneficial improvements in cognition. However, the effects of different modes and intensities of exercise have yet to be explored in detail. This study aimed to identify the effects of different exercise modes (aerobic and resistance) and intensities (low and high) on cognitive performance, adult hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in mice. A total of 40 C57BL/6J mice were randomised into 5 groups (n = 8 mice per group): control, low-intensity aerobic exercise, high-intensity aerobic exercise, low-intensity resistance exercise, and high-intensity resistance exercise. The aerobic exercise groups underwent treadmill training, while the resistance exercise groups underwent ladder climbing training. At the end of the exercise period, cognitive performance was assessed by the Y-maze and Barnes maze. In addition, adult hippocampal neurogenesis was evaluated immunohistochemically by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU)/ neuronal nuclei (NeuN) co-labeling. The levels of synaptic plasticity-related proteins in the hippocampus, including synaptophysin (SYP) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), were analyzed by western blotting. Our results showed no significant differences in cognitive performance among the groups. However, high-intensity aerobic exercise significantly increased hippocampal adult neurogenesis relative to the control. A trend towards increased adult neurogenesis was observed in the low-intensity aerobic group compared to the control group. No significant changes in synaptic plasticity were observed among all groups. Our results indicate that high-intensity aerobic exercise may be the most potent stimulator of adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kimura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shota Inoue
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Changxin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zun Yi, China
| | - Junpei Hatakeyama
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masahiro Wakayama
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takamura
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hideki Moriyama
- Life and Medical Sciences Area, Health Sciences Discipline, Kobe University, Tomogaoka 7-10-2, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 654-0142, Japan.
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Alcaráz N, Salcedo-Tello P, González-Barrios R, Torres-Arciga K, Guzmán-Ramos K. Underlying Mechanisms of the Protective Effects of Lifestyle Factors in the Prevention of Age-Related Diseases. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103014. [PMID: 38861840 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The rise in life expectancy has significantly increased the occurrence of age-related chronic diseases, leading to escalating expenses for both society and individuals. Among the main factors influencing health and lifespan, lifestyle takes a forefront position. Specifically, nutrition, mental activity, and physical exercise influence the molecular and functional mechanisms that contribute to the prevention of major age-related diseases. Gaining deeper insights into the mechanisms that drive the positive effects of healthy lifestyles is valuable for creating interventions to prevent or postpone the development of chronic degenerative diseases. This review summarizes the main mechanisms that underlie the positive effect of lifestyle factors in counteracting the major age-related diseases involving brain health, musculoskeletal function, cancer, frailty, and cardiovascular diseases, among others. This knowledge will help to identify high-risk populations for targeted intervention trials and discover new biomarkers associated with healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Alcaráz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pamela Salcedo-Tello
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodrigo González-Barrios
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Laboratorio de regulación de la cromatina y genómica, Mexico City, México
| | - Karla Torres-Arciga
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Laboratorio de regulación de la cromatina y genómica, Mexico City, México; Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Kioko Guzmán-Ramos
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Mexico State, Mexico.
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Ribeiro D, Petrigna L, Pereira FC, Muscella A, Bianco A, Tavares P. The Impact of Physical Exercise on the Circulating Levels of BDNF and NT 4/5: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168814. [PMID: 34445512 PMCID: PMC8396229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: One mechanism through which physical activity (PA) provides benefits is by triggering activity at a molecular level, where neurotrophins (NTs) are known to play an important role. However, the expression of the circulating levels of neurotrophic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4/5), in response to exercise, is not fully understood. Therefore, the aim was to provide an updated overview on the neurotrophin (NT) variation levels of BDNF and NT-4/5 as a consequence of a long-term aerobic exercise intervention, and to understand and describe whether the upregulation of circulating NT levels is a result of neurotrophic factors produced and released from the brain, and/or from neurotrophic secreting peripheral organs. (2) Methods: The articles were collected from PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Embase. Data were analyzed through a narrative synthesis. (3) Results: 30 articles studied humans who performed training protocols that ranged from 4 to 48 weeks; 22 articles studied rodents with an intervention period that ranged from 4 to 64 weeks. (4) Conclusions: There is no unanimity between the upregulation of BDNF in humans; conversely, concerning both BDNF and NT-4/5 in animal models, the results are heterogeneous. Whilst BDNF upregulation appears to be in relative agreement, NT-4/5 seems to display contradictory and inconsistent conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ribeiro
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (D.R.); (P.T.)
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luca Petrigna
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Frederico C. Pereira
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Antonella Muscella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90144 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Paula Tavares
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (D.R.); (P.T.)
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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Xu L, Zhu L, Zhu L, Chen D, Cai K, Liu Z, Chen A. Moderate Exercise Combined with Enriched Environment Enhances Learning and Memory through BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathway in Rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168283. [PMID: 34444034 PMCID: PMC8392212 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of exercise combined with an enriched environment on learning and memory in rats. Forty healthy male Wistar rats (7 weeks old) were randomly assigned into 4 groups (N = 10 in each group): control (C) group, treadmill exercise (TE) group, enriched environment (EE) group and the TE + EE group. The Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to evaluate the learning and memory ability in all rats after eight weeks of exposure in the different conditions. Moreover, we employed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and receptor tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) in the rats. The data showed that the escape latency and the number of platform crossings were significantly better in the TE + EE group compared to the TE, EE or C groups (p < 0.05). In addition, there was upregulation of BDNF and TrkB in rats in the TE + EE group compared to those in the TE, EE or C groups (p < 0.05). Taken together, the data robustly demonstrate that the combination of TE + EE enhances learning and memory ability and upregulates the expression of both BDNF and TrkB in rats. Thus, the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway might be modulating the effect of exercise and enriched environment in improving learning and memory ability in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aiguo Chen
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-5272-5968
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Wu Y, Deng F, Wang J, Liu Y, Zhou W, Qu L, Cheng M. Intensity-dependent effects of consecutive treadmill exercise on spatial learning and memory through the p-CREB/BDNF/NMDAR signaling in hippocampus. Behav Brain Res 2020; 386:112599. [PMID: 32184158 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is the most recommended non-pharmacological intervention to improve neurocognitive functions under physiological and pathological conditions. However, it remains to be elucidated concerning the influence and the underlying neurological molecular mechanism of different exercise intensity on cognitive function. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of exercise intensity on spatial learning and memory, as well as the regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/p-CREB/NMDAR signal. In the research, low-intensity consecutive treadmill (LICT) and high-intensity consecutive treadmill (HICT) were implied to rats for 8 weeks. We found that the performances in the Morris water maze were improved in the LICT group, while reduced in the HICT group as compared with the sedentary rats. Moreover, the expression of BDNF mRNA, phosphorylation cAMP-response-element binding protein (p-CREB), mature BDNF (mBDNF), tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), and NR2B proteins was increased, whereas the expression of precursor BDNF (proBDNF) and pan-neurotrophin receptor 75 (p75NTR) proteins was decreased in the hippocampus of LICT group compared with the sedentary rats. On the contrary, the expression of proteins and mRNA aforementioned in the LICT group showed a reversed tendency in the hippocampus of HICT rats. These findings suggest that the consecutive low-intensity exercise and high-intensity exercise exert different effects on spatial learning and memory by oppositely regulating the mutual stimulation of p-CREB and BDNF mRNA feedback loop, as well as the t-PA/BDNF/NMDAR which is the post-translation cascades of BDNF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wu
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Fangfang Deng
- Institute of Health and Disease Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Huanghe Road 661, 256603 Binzhou, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Institute of Health and Disease Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Health and Disease Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Lei Qu
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Institute of Health and Disease Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China.
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6
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Abstract
Objective: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been hypothesized as a potential mechanism through which exercise may subserve memory function. The present review specifically evaluates this hypothesis.Methods: Studies were identified using electronic databases, including PubMed, PsychInfo, Sports Discus and Google Scholar.Results: In total, 52 articles met the study criteria, and among these, 36 were conducted in an animal model and 16 among humans. Among the animal experiments, 100% of them demonstrated that chronic exercise improved memory function; 97% demonstrated an exercise-induced increase in BDNF; and among the eight evaluating BDNF as a mediator, 100% provided evidence that BDNF mediated the relationship between exercise and memory. The findings in the human studies were mixed. Among the human studies, 44% demonstrated that varying exercise protocols improved memory and increased BDNF levels, and among the studies evaluating BDNF as a mediator, 40% provided evidence that BDNF mediated the relationship between exercise and memory.Conclusion: In animal models, chronic exercise training robustly increases BDNF and improves memory performance, with reasonable evidence to also suggest that BDNF may mediate the exercise-memory interaction. These interrelationships, however, are less clear among humans. Future research among humans, in particular, is needed to evaluate the extent to which BDNF may mediate the relationship between exercise and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D Loprinzi
- Exercise & Memory Laboratory, Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
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7
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The effect of exercise on memory and BDNF signaling is dependent on intensity. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:1975-1985. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01889-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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PEDARD MARTIN, CEFIS MARINA, ENNEQUIN GAËL, QUIRIÉ AURORE, GARNIER PHILIPPE, PRIGENT-TESSIER ANNE, PERNET NICOLAS, MARIE CHRISTINE. Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Pathway after Downhill and Uphill Training in Rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:27-34. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Sex differences in aerobic exercise efficacy to improve cognition: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in older rodents. Front Neuroendocrinol 2017; 46:86-105. [PMID: 28614695 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Research in humans indicates that women may show greater cognitive benefits from aerobic training (AT) than men. To determine whether this sex difference extends to rodents, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in healthy, older rodents. Results indicate that compared to controls, AT improved hippocampus-dependent and -independent learning and memory. A sex difference was found with males showing larger benefits from AT on conditioned-avoidance and non-spatial memory tasks. AT also increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor compared to controls, with larger effects in females. As an exploratory analysis, sex differences in voluntary AT were examined separately from forced AT. Voluntary AT enhanced non-spatial memory to a greater extent in males. Forced AT enhanced hippocampus-dependent learning and memory more so in females. These findings suggest that sex is an important factor to consider, and studies directly assessing sex differences in the ability of exercise to improve brain function are needed.
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Gram MG, Wogensen E, Moseholm K, Mogensen J, Malá H. Exercise-induced improvement in cognitive performance after fimbria-fornix transection depends on the timing of exercise administration. Brain Res Bull 2016; 125:117-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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11
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Foltran RB, Diaz SL. BDNF isoforms: a round trip ticket between neurogenesis and serotonin? J Neurochem 2016; 138:204-21. [PMID: 27167299 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF, was discovered more than 30 years ago and, like other members of the neurotrophin family, this neuropeptide is synthetized as a proneurotrophin, the pro-BDNF, which is further cleaved to yield mature BDNF. The myriad of actions of these two BDNF isoforms in the central nervous system is constantly increasing and requires the development of sophisticated tools and animal models to refine our understanding. This review is focused on BDNF isoforms, their participation in the process of neurogenesis taking place in the hippocampus of adult mammals, and the modulation of their expression by serotonergic agents. Interestingly, around this triumvirate of BDNF, serotonin, and neurogenesis, a series of recent research has emerged with apparently counterintuitive results. This calls for an exhaustive analysis of the data published so far and encourages thorough work in the quest for new hypotheses in the field. BDNF is synthetized as a pre-proneurotrophin. After removal of the pre-region, proBDNF can be cleaved by intracellular or extracellular proteases. Mature BDNF can bind TrkB receptors, promoting their homodimerization and intracellular phosphorylation. Phosphorylated-TrkB can activate three different signaling pathways. Whereas G-protein-coupled receptors can transactivate TrkB receptors, truncated forms can inhibit mBDNF signaling. Pro-BDNF binds p75(NTR) by its mature domain, whereas the pro-region binds co-receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Beatriz Foltran
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias Prof. E. De Robertis, CONICET-UBA, Fac. de Medicina - UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina Laura Diaz
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias Prof. E. De Robertis, CONICET-UBA, Fac. de Medicina - UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Tchekalarova J, Shishmanova M, Atanasova D, Stefanova M, Alova L, Lazarov N, Georgieva K. Effect of endurance training on seizure susceptibility, behavioral changes and neuronal damage after kainate-induced status epilepticus in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Brain Res 2015; 1625:39-53. [PMID: 26319691 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of regular physical exercises in an animal model of epilepsy and depression comorbidity has been confirmed previously. In the present study, we examined the effects of endurance training on susceptibility to kainate (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE), behavioral changes and neuronal damage in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Male SHRs were randomly divided into two groups. One group was exercised on a treadmill with submaximal loading for four weeks and the other group was sedentary. Immediately after the training period, SE was evoked in half of the sedentary and trained rats by KA, while the other half of the two groups received saline. Basal systolic (SP), diastolic (DP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) of all rats were measured at the beginning and at the end of the training period. Anxiety, memory and depression-like behaviour were evaluated a month after SE. The release of 5-HT in the hippocampus was measured using a liquid scintillation method and neuronal damage was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. SP and MAP of exercised SHRs decreased in comparison with the initial values. The increased resistance of SHRs to KA-induced SE was accompanied by an elongated latent seizure-free period, improved object recognition memory and antidepressant effect after the training program. While the anticonvulsant and positive behavioral effects of endurance training were accompanied by an increase of 5-HT release in the hippocampus, it did not exert neuroprotective activity. Our results indicate that prior exercise is an effective means to attenuate KA-induced seizures and comorbid behavioral changes in a model of hypertension and epilepsy suggesting a potential influence of hippocampal 5-HT on a comorbid depression. However, this beneficial impact does not prevent the development of epilepsy and concomitant brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tchekalarova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria.
| | - M Shishmanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Drug Toxicology, Medical University - Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - D Atanasova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
| | - M Stefanova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
| | - L Alova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
| | - N Lazarov
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - K Georgieva
- Department of Physiology, Medical University - Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Petzold A, Psotta L, Brigadski T, Endres T, Lessmann V. Chronic BDNF deficiency leads to an age-dependent impairment in spatial learning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2015; 120:52-60. [PMID: 25724412 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a crucial mediator of neural plasticity and, consequently, of memory formation. In hippocampus-dependent learning tasks BDNF also seems to play an essential role. However, there are conflicting results concerning the spatial learning ability of aging BDNF(+/-) mice in the Morris water maze paradigm. To evaluate the effect of chronic BDNF deficiency in the hippocampus on spatial learning throughout life, we conducted a comprehensive study to test differently aged BDNF(+/-) mice and their wild type littermates in the Morris water maze and to subsequently quantify their hippocampal BDNF protein levels as well as expression levels of TrkB receptors. We observed an age-dependent learning deficit in BDNF(+/-) animals, starting at seven months of age, despite stable hippocampal BDNF protein expression and continual decline of TrkB receptor expression throughout aging. Furthermore, we detected a positive correlation between hippocampal BDNF protein levels and learning performance during the probe trial in animals that showed a good learning performance during the long-term memory test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Petzold
- Institute for Physiology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Laura Psotta
- Institute for Physiology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Brigadski
- Institute for Physiology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Endres
- Institute for Physiology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Volkmar Lessmann
- Institute for Physiology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
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14
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Effects of green tea and physical exercise on memory impairments associated with aging. Neurochem Int 2014; 78:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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15
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Cechella JL, Leite MR, da Rocha JT, Dobrachinski F, Gai BM, Soares FAA, Bresciani G, Royes LFF, Zeni G. Caffeine suppresses exercise-enhanced long-term and location memory in middle-aged rats: Involvement of hippocampal Akt and CREB signaling. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 223:95-101. [PMID: 25260559 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The cognitive function decline is closely related with brain changes generated by age. The ability of caffeine and exercise to prevent memory impairment has been reported in animal models and humans. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether swimming exercise and caffeine administration enhance memory in middle-aged Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats (18months) received caffeine at a dose of 30mg/kg, 5days per week by a period of 4weeks. Animals were subjected to swimming training with a workload (3% of body weight, 20min per day for 4weeks). After 4weeks, the object recognition test (ORT) and the object location test (OLT) were performed. The results of this study demonstrated that caffeine suppressed exercise-enhanced long-term (ORT) and spatial (OLT) memory in middle-aged and this effect may be related to a decrease in hippocampal p-CREB signaling. This study also provided evidence that the effects of this protocol on memory were not accompanied by alterations in the levels of activated Akt. The [(3)H] glutamate uptake was reduced in hippocampus of rats administered with caffeine and submitted to swimming protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Cechella
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marlon R Leite
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana T da Rocha
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando Dobrachinski
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bibiana M Gai
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Félix A A Soares
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Bresciani
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - Luiz F F Royes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica do Exercício, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gilson Zeni
- Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria CEP 97105-900, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Physical training prevents depressive symptoms and a decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Parkinson's disease. Brain Res Bull 2014; 108:106-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cao W, Duan J, Wang X, Zhong X, Hu Z, Huang F, Wang H, Zhang J, Li F, Zhang J, Luo X, Li CQ. Early enriched environment induces an increased conversion of proBDNF to BDNF in the adult rat's hippocampus. Behav Brain Res 2014; 265:76-83. [PMID: 24569010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An enriched environment has been shown to influence brain plasticity and function by involving the action of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF, which is synthesized as a precursor molecule (proBDNF) that undergoes proteolytic cleavage, plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and contributes to several brain functions such as memory, learning, and behavior. The neurotrophins and proneurotrophins often play opposite roles in the brain, suggesting that proteolytic cleavage of proneurotrophins controls the action of neurotrophins. However, few studies have focused on the expression and cleavage of proBDNF after exposure to an enriched environment. Our study aimed to explore the effects of an early-enriched environment on the conversion of proBDNF to BDNF in the adult rats' hippocampus. We found that there was no difference in the expression of proBDNF in the hippocampus between the SE (standard environment) and EE (enriched environment) rats, but a significantly increased BDNF protein level was found in the EE rats. Thus, a remarkably enhanced ratio of BDNF to proBDNF (BDNF/proBDNF) was observed in the EE rats. In addition, the EE resulted in a remarkably up-regulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the hippocampus, which played a key role in converting proBDNF to BDNF in the extracellular space. Furthermore, the expression of synapse-related proteins (NR1 and NR2A) was analyzed, and the results indicated that EE could significantly increase the expression of NR1 and NR2A in the hippocampus. In addition, the behavioral results showed that EE reduced anxiety-like behavior in the elevated-plus maze test and reduced immobility time in the forced swimming test. Moreover, the EE resulted in an increased preference for sucrose compared to the SE. These results suggested that the EE up-regulated MMP-9 levels within the hippocampus, which might facilitate the conversion of proBDNF to BDNF, thereby contributing to the long lasting alterations of synaptic plasticity and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Cao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Juan Duan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Zhong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhaolan Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Fulian Huang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xuegang Luo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China
| | - Chang-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan, PR China.
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