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Rosado-Ramos R, Poças GM, Marques D, Foito A, M Sevillano D, Lopes-da-Silva M, Gonçalves LG, Menezes R, Ottens M, Stewart D, Ibáñez de Opakua A, Zweckstetter M, Seabra MC, Mendes CS, Outeiro TF, Domingos PM, Santos CN. Genipin prevents alpha-synuclein aggregation and toxicity by affecting endocytosis, metabolism and lipid storage. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1918. [PMID: 37024503 PMCID: PMC10079842 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder affecting millions of people worldwide for which there are only symptomatic therapies. Small molecules able to target key pathological processes in PD have emerged as interesting options for modifying disease progression. We have previously shown that a (poly)phenol-enriched fraction (PEF) of Corema album L. leaf extract modulates central events in PD pathogenesis, namely α-synuclein (αSyn) toxicity, aggregation and clearance. PEF was now subjected to a bio-guided fractionation with the aim of identifying the critical bioactive compound. We identified genipin, an iridoid, which relieves αSyn toxicity and aggregation. Furthermore, genipin promotes metabolic alterations and modulates lipid storage and endocytosis. Importantly, genipin was able to prevent the motor deficits caused by the overexpression of αSyn in a Drosophila melanogaster model of PD. These findings widens the possibility for the exploitation of genipin for PD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Rosado-Ramos
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo M Poças
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Daniela Marques
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Foito
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, DD2 5DA, Dundee, Scotland
| | - David M Sevillano
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Mafalda Lopes-da-Silva
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís G Gonçalves
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Regina Menezes
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- CBIOS - Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marcel Ottens
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Derek Stewart
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, DD2 5DA, Dundee, Scotland
| | | | - Markus Zweckstetter
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Department of NMR-based Structural Biology, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Miguel C Seabra
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - César S Mendes
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Fleming Outeiro
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE2 4HH, UK
- Scientific employee with an honorary contract at German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Pedro M Domingos
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cláudia N Santos
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal.
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Assis RCD, Monteiro GR, Valentim AB, Maia CSC, Felipe SMDS, Freitas Rabelo CA, Ceccatto VM, Alves CR. Biological properties of bioactive compounds from the fruit and leaves of the genipap tree (Genipa americana L.): A systematic review. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 counter-regulates thymosin beta-4 expression and primary cilium formation for HeLa cervical cancer cell survival. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20170. [PMID: 36424462 PMCID: PMC9691707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24596-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the function of thymosin beta-4 (TB4) expression and primary cilium (PC) formation via the underlying Nrf2-dependent mechanism for cervical cancer cell (CC) survival under conditions of serum deprivation (SD). TB4 silencing was achieved using RNA interference. The percentage of PC formation was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. Nrf2 expression was modified by the preparation of stable Nrf2-knockdown cells with shNrf2 and the overexpression of Nrf2 with pcDNA-Nrf2 plasmids. Gene expression was measured using reverse-transcription PCR, Gaussia luciferase assay, and western blotting. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay or CellTiter Glo assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected with flow cytometry. CCs incubated in SD without fetal bovine serum remained viable, and SD increased PC formation and TB4 transcription. CC viability was further decreased by treatment with ciliobrevin A to inhibit PC formation or TB4-siRNA. SD increased ROS, including H2O2. N-acetylcysteine inhibited ROS production following H2O2 treatment or SD, which also decreased PC formation and TB4 transcription. Meanwhile, H2O2 increased PC formation, which was attenuated in response to TB4 siRNA. Treatment with H2O2 increased Nrf2 expression, antioxidant responsive element (ARE) activity, and PC formation, which were inhibited by the Nrf2 inhibitor clobestasol propionate. Nrf2 knockdown via expression of Tet-On shNrf2 enhanced ROS production, leading to increased PC formation and decreased TB4 expression; these effects were counteracted by Nrf2 overexpression. Our data demonstrate that Nrf2 counter-regulates TB4 expression and PC formation for CC survival under conditions of SD, suggesting cervical CC survival could be upregulated by PC formation via Nrf2 activation and TB4 expression.
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Lee JW, Cho JY, Thuy PX, Moon EY. HeLa Cervical Cancer Cells Are Maintained by Nephronophthisis 3-Associated Primary Cilium Formation via ROS-Induced ERK and HIF-1α Activation under Serum-Deprived Normoxic Condition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314500. [PMID: 36498831 PMCID: PMC9739938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium (PC) is a microtubule-based antenna-like organelle projecting from the surface of the cell membrane. We previously reported that PC formation could be regulated by nephronophthisis 3 (NPHP3) expression followed by its interaction with thymosin β4. Here, we investigated whether cancer cell viability is regulated by NPHP3-mediated PC formation. The total and viable cell number were reduced by incubating cells under serum deprivation (SD) without fetal bovine serum (-FBS). PC frequency was increased by SD which enhanced NPHP3 expression and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α. The role of HIF-1α on NPHP3 expression and PC formation was confirmed by the binding of HIF-1α to the NPHP3 promoter and siRNA-based inhibition of HIF-1α (siHIF-1α), respectively. HIF-1α-stabilizing dimethyloxallyl glycine (DMOG) and hypoxic conditions increased NPHP3 expression and PC formation. In addition, as SD elevated the reactive oxygen species (ROS), PC frequency and NPHP3 expression were inhibited by a treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger. PC formation was increased by H2O2 treatment, which was inhibited by siHIF-1α. The inhibition of ERK with P98059 decreased the frequency of PC formation and NPHP3 expression. Cell viability was reduced by a treatment with ciliobrevin A (CilioA) to inhibit PC formation, which was re-affirmed by using PC-deficient IFT88-/- cells. Taken together, the results imply that PC formation in cancer cells could be controlled by NPHP3 expression through ROS-induced HIF-1α and ERK activation under SD conditions. It suggests that cancer cell viability under SD conditions could be maintained by NPHP3 expression to regulate PC formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eun-Yi Moon
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3408-3768; Fax: +82-2-3408-4334
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Zhu W, Fan Y, Li Y, Peng L, Li Y, Yan F, Zhao J, Zhang L, Kurihara H, He R, Chen H. Hybridization of Amantadine with Gardenamide A Enhances NMDA Antagonism and in vivo Anti-PD Effects. Bioorg Chem 2022; 130:106223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Xu B, Bai L, Chen L, Tong R, Feng Y, Shi J. Terpenoid natural products exert neuroprotection via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1036506. [PMCID: PMC9606746 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1036506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PI3K/Akt, an essential signaling pathway widely present in cells, has been shown to be relevant to neurological disorders. As an important class of natural products, terpenoids exist in large numbers and have diverse backbones, so they have a great chance to be identified as neuroprotective agents. In this review, we described and summarized recent research for a range of terpenoid natural products associated with the PI3K/Akt pathway by classifying their basic chemical structures of the terpenes, identified by electronic searches on PubMed, Web of Science for research, and Google Scholar websites. Only articles published in English were included. Our discussion here concerned 16 natural terpenoids and their mechanisms of action, the associated diseases, and the methods of experimentation used. We also reviewed the discovery of their chemical structures and their derivatives, and some compounds have been concluded for their structure–activity relationships (SAR). As a result, terpenoids are excellent candidates for research as natural neuroprotective agents, and our content will provide a stepping stone for further research into these natural products. It may be possible for more terpenoids to serve as neuroprotective agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyao Xu
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Rongsheng Tong, ; Yibin Feng, ; Jianyou Shi,
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Rongsheng Tong, ; Yibin Feng, ; Jianyou Shi,
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Rongsheng Tong, ; Yibin Feng, ; Jianyou Shi,
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PTEN mediates serum deprivation-induced cytotoxicity in H9c2 cells via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 73:105131. [PMID: 33652126 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with cardiomyocyte necrosis and apoptosis. Numerous studies have determined the regulatory effects of Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) cell proliferation and apoptosis in other cell types. However, the potential role of PTEN in cardiomyocyte is unclear. In this study, we used H9c2 cells cultured under serum deprivation to simulate the apoptosis process of myocardial infarction. Small interference RNA (siRNA) of PTEN was used to knock down the expression of PTEN. Cell viability was determined by CCK-8. Cell proliferation was examined by Edu staining, and the protein expression was analyzed by Western blot. We also evaluated the generation of ROS, the degree of DNA damage, and cell apoptosis using immunofluorescence assay. As a result, we observed that serum deprivation in H9c2 cells increased PTEN expression. Functionally, the PTEN knockdown experiment using siRNA inhibited serum deprivation-induced cell apoptosis, ROS production, and DNA damage, whereas increased cell proliferation. All these effects could be reversed by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, which indicated the PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) might be the critical component of the PTEN effects during serum deficiency. In conclusion, our study indicated the role of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway in serum deprivation-induced cytotoxicity in H9c2 cells.
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Zhang X, Li S, Zheng M, Zhang L, Bai R, Li R, Hao S, Bai B, Kang H. Effects of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on the apoptosis of early host cells infected with Eimeria tenella. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:2549-2561. [PMID: 32562065 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on host cell apoptosis in the early infection of Eimeria tenella. Chicken cecal epithelial cells were treated with apoptosis-inducer Actinomycin D (Act D) or PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 and then infected with E. tenella. Results demonstrated that the E. tenella-infected group had less apoptosis 4-8 h after the infection and more apoptosis 12-20 h after the infection than the control group. At 4-20 h after the infection, the apoptotic/necrotic rate and the Caspase-3 activity in the Act D + E. tenella group were lower (P < 0.01) than those in the Act D-treated group. The p-Akt and NF-κB contents in the E. tenella-infected group were higher (P < 0.01) than those in the control group 4-12 h after the infection. However, the bad content and the Caspase-9/3 activity were lower (P < 0.05) in the E. tenella-infected group than in the control group. Compared with the E. tenella-infected group, the LY294002 + E. tenella group showed decreased p-Akt content and increased apoptotic/necrotic rate, bad content, NF-κB expression, membrane permeability transition pore (MPTP) openness, and Caspase-9/3 activity. Thus, the early development of E. tenella could inhibit host cell apoptosis by downregulating the Caspase-3 activity. Upregulating this activity promoted apoptosis. In addition, activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway inhibited the apoptosis of E. tenella host cells in the early infection by reducing the expression of the bad content, limiting the MPTP opening, and decreasing the Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Shan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Mingxue Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong, 030801, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Rui Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Ruiqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Siyuan Hao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Bing Bai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Huixin Kang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Jinzhong, 030801, China
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Anti-tumor mechanism of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on ovarian tumor model by improving the immunomodulatory activity in F344 rats. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Zhang Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Huang W, Wang L. The synthesis and biological evaluation of novel gardenamide A derivatives as multifunctional neuroprotective agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1180-1186. [PMID: 31391892 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00211a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of gardenamide A derivatives was synthesized as potential anti-Alzheimer's disease agents. The neuroprotective effects of these multifunctional agents against oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced neurotoxicity in rat cortical neurons, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)- and amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42)-induced neurotoxicity in rat hippocampal neurons were evaluated. In vitro studies revealed that these compounds demonstrated moderate to good multifunctional neuroprotective activity. Among the entire series, compounds 10e, 10j, 10n and 10p appeared to be the most active multifunctional neuroprotective agents. Studies indicate that compounds 10e, 10f, 10h, 10i, 10j, 10n and 10p exhibit significant activities against OGD-induced neurotoxicity in rat cortical neurons, and 10e, 10j, 10n and 10p show prominent activities against H2O2- and Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity in rat hippocampal neurons. Moreover, these derivatives did not exert conspicuous neurotoxicity in rat cortical neurons. Thus, the present study evidently shows that 10e, 10j, 10n and 10p are potent multifunctional neuroprotective agents, which may serve as promising lead candidates for anti-Alzheimer's disease drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzhi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , 103 Meishan Road , Hefei 230031 , PR China . .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula , Hefei , Anhui 230012 , China .
| | - Yujun Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , 103 Meishan Road , Hefei 230031 , PR China .
| | - Yanchun Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , 103 Meishan Road , Hefei 230031 , PR China . .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula , Hefei , Anhui 230012 , China .
| | - Jiaming Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , 103 Meishan Road , Hefei 230031 , PR China . .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula , Hefei , Anhui 230012 , China .
| | - Weijun Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , 103 Meishan Road , Hefei 230031 , PR China .
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , 103 Meishan Road , Hefei 230031 , PR China . .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula , Hefei , Anhui 230012 , China .
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Wang R, Zheng C, Jiang W, Xie X, Liao R, Zhou G. Neuropeptide W regulates proliferation and differentiation of ATDC5: Possible involvement of GPR7 activation, PKA and PKC-dependent signalling cascades. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2093-2102. [PMID: 30609248 PMCID: PMC6378237 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Various neuropeptides related to the energy equilibrium affect bone growth in humans and animals. Neuropeptides W (NPW) are identical in the internal ligands of the two G‐protein receptors (GPRs) included in subtypes 7 and 8. Neuropeptides W inhibits proliferation in the cultivated rat calvarial osteoblast‐like (ROB) cells. This study examines the expression of NPW and GPR7 in murine chondrocyte and their function. An immunohistochemical analysis showed that NPW and GPR7 were expressed in the proliferative chondrocytes of the growth plates in the hind limbs of mice. The NPW mRNA quickly elevated in the early differentiation (7‐14 days) of ATDC5 cells, while NPW and GPR7 mRNA were reduced during the late stage (14‐21 days) of differentiation. Neuropeptide W‐23 (NPW‐23) promoted the proliferation of ATDC5 cells, which was attenuated by inhibiting the GPR7, protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC) and ERK1/2 pathways. Neuropeptide W‐23 enhanced the early cell differentiation, as evaluated by collagen type II and the aggrecan gene expression, which was unaffected by inhibiting the ERK1/2 pathway, but significantly decreased by inhibiting the PKA, PKC and p38 MAPK pathways. In contrast, NPW‐23 was not involved in the terminal differentiation of the chondrocytes, as evaluated by the mineralization of the chondrocytes and the activity of the alkaline phosphatase. Neuropeptides W stimulated the PKA, PKC, p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 activities in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner in the ATDC5 cells. These results show that NPW promotes the proliferation and early differentiation of murine chondrocyte via GPR7 activation, as well as PKA and PKC‐dependent signalling cascades, which may be involved in endochondral bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- RiKang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti-ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.,National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Chaojun Zheng
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenyu Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti-ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinshu Xie
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Rifang Liao
- Department of pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guangqian Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti-ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability and Disease Prevention, Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
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12
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Hosseini R, Moosavi F, Silva T, Rajaian H, Hosseini SY, Bina S, Saso L, Miri R, Borges F, Firuzi O. Modulation of ERK1/2 and Akt Pathways Involved in the Neurotrophic Action of Caffeic Acid Alkyl Esters. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123340. [PMID: 30562988 PMCID: PMC6321311 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of human lives all over the world. The number of afflicted patients is rapidly growing, and disease-modifying agents are urgently needed. Caffeic acid, an important member of the hydroxycinnamic acid family of polyphenols, has considerable neurotrophic effects. We have previously shown how caffeate alkyl ester derivatives significantly promote survival and differentiation in neuronal cells. In this study, the mechanisms by which these ester derivatives exert their neurotrophic effects are examined. A series of eight caffeic acid esters with different alkyl chain lengths, ranging from methyl (CAF1) to dodecyl esters (CAF8), were synthesized and studied for their influence on neurotrophic signaling pathways. Caffeate esters did not induce tropomyosin-receptor kinase A (TrkA) phosphorylation, which was assessed by immunoblotting up to a concentration of 25 µM. NIH/3T3 cells overexpressing TrkA were generated to further examine phosphorylation of this receptor tyrosine kinase. None of the esters induced TrkA phosphorylation in these cells either. Assessment of the effect of caffeate derivatives on downstream neurotrophic pathways by immunoblotting showed that the most potent esters, decyl caffeate (CAF7) and dodecyl caffeate (CAF8) caused extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and Akt serine threonine kinase phosphorylation in PC12 cells at 5 and 25 µM concentrations. In conclusion, this study shows that caffeate esters exert their neurotrophic action by modulation of ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways in neuronal cells, and further demonstrates the potential therapeutic implications of these derivatives for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Hosseini
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-5373, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-69155, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Moosavi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-5373, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-69155, Iran.
| | - Tiago Silva
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Hamid Rajaian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-69155, Iran.
| | - Seyed Younes Hosseini
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45794, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Bina
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-5373, Iran.
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Ramin Miri
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-5373, Iran.
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Omidreza Firuzi
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-5373, Iran.
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13
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Novel Role of ER Stress and Mitochondria Stress in Serum-deprivation Induced Apoptosis of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:229-235. [PMID: 30074180 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1870-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The poor survival of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) compromises the efficacy of stem cell therapy. Growth factor deprivation is one of the important factors that have challenged the survival of donor MSCs in cell therapy. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the effect of serum deprivation on the cell death of MSCs and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Apoptosis of MSCs was evaluated with Hoechst 33342/PI staining. Signaling pathways involved in serum-deprivation induced apoptosis were analyzed using Western blotting. The results revealed that serum deprivation induced apoptosis in MSCs within 72 h of treatment. Serum deprivation was shown to lead to protein expression alterations in Bax, Bcl-2, casepase-3, casepase-8, GRP78, and CHOP during experiments. The data suggested that the mitochondria death pathway, the extrinsic apoptotic pathway and the endoplastic reticulum(ER) stress pathway were all involved in MSCs apoptosis. The increase in expression of CHOP and the simultaneous decrease in Bcl-2 expression suggest a synergistic effect in apoptosis induction in both the mitochondrion and the ER.
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14
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Yao CJ, Chuang SE, Yang YY, Lai GM. Human Urine Extract Cell Differentiation Agent 2 Protects PC12 Cells from Serum Deprivation-Induced Apoptosis Accompanied with Priming of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Activation and Differentiation Induction. Chin J Integr Med 2018:10.1007/s11655-018-2986-1. [PMID: 29455376 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential neuroprotective effect of human urine extract cell differentiation agent 2 (CDA-2) by the model of serum deprivation-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells and study the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Apoptosis of PC12 cells was induced by serum deprivation. CDA-2 at doses of 0.5-4 mg/mL was used to treat the serum-deprived PC12 cells. The cellular viability was measured by sulforhodamine B binding assay and the cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometer. Western blot was used to analyze the expression of differentiation markers and activity of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). The cellular morphology was examined under an inverted microscope. RESULTS CDA-2 inhibited apoptotic cell death of serum-deprived PC12 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Expression of low- and mid-sized neurofilaments was observed in serum-deprived PC12 cells treated with CDA-2 or nerve growth factor (NGF). However, CDA-2 did not induce proliferation of these cells like NGF. The morphology of CDA-2 treated cells was changed from rounded to neuron-like flat polygonal shape in contrast to the extensive neurite outgrowth induced by NGF. CDA-2 transiently induced the phosphorylation of ERK in serum deprived-PC12 cells and the expression of neurofilaments induced by CDA-2 was attenuated by mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059. CONCLUSIONS Human urine extract CDA-2 showed a potential neuroprotective activity which may correlate with ERK activation and differentiation induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Jung Yao
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, China
| | - Shuang-En Chuang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan, China
| | - Ya-Yu Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan, China
| | - Gi-Ming Lai
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan, China.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan, China.
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan, China.
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan, China.
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15
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Melatonin promotes neuroprotection of induced pluripotent stem cells-derived neural stem cells subjected to H 2O 2-induced injury in vitro. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 825:143-150. [PMID: 29462594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a neurohormone mainly extracted from the pineal gland with neuroprotective effects. It has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic functions. However, the mechanism of melatonin against reactive oxygen species is unclear. Here, we explore the potential proliferative and neuroprotective mechanism of melatonin on induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). NSCs were induced from iPSCs, then pretreated with 500 μM H2O2, 1 μM melatonin, 1 μM melatonin receptor antagonist (Luzindole), or 10 μM Phosphatidylinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor (LY294002). The results showed that melatonin stimulated proliferation of iPSC-derived NSCs on H2O2 exposure. Melatonin also markedly improved stabilization of the mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced the rate of apoptosis. Treatment with Luzindole or LY294002 inhibited the increasing proliferative and neuroprotective effects of melatonin on iPSC-derived NSCs with H2O2 treatment. Our results further demonstrated that these promotional effects of melatonin were related with the activity of phosphorylation of AKT. Therefore, these outcomes propose that melatonin protects iPSC-derived NSCs from H2O2-induced injury through the mediation of melatonin receptor and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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16
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Sørvik IB, Solum EJ, Labba NA, Hansen TV, Paulsen RE. Differential effects of some novel synthetic oestrogen analogs on oxidative PC12 cell death caused by serum deprivation. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:273-287. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1430363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene B. Sørvik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Johansson Solum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nils A. Labba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond Vidar Hansen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild E. Paulsen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- PharmaTox Strategic Research Initiative, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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17
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Wang R, Yan F, Liao R, Wan P, Little PJ, Zheng W. Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor in the regulation of Neuropeptide W in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 447:71-78. [PMID: 28249734 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) and Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are neurotrophic factors involved in the growth, survival and functioning of neurons. In addition, a possible role of neurotrophins, particularly BDNF, in HPA axis hyperactivation has recently been proposed. Neuropeptide W (NPW) is an endogenous peptide ligand for the GPR7 and GPR8 and a stress mediator in the hypothalamus. It activates the HPA axis by working on hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH). No information is available about the interrelationships between neurotrophines like NGF/BDNF and NPW. We studied the effect and underlying mechanisms of NGF/BDNF on the production of NPW in PC12 cells and hypothalamus. NGF time- and concentration-dependently stimulated the expression of NPW in PC12 cells. The effect of NGF was blocked by the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signal pathway with specific inhibitors for PI3K or AktsiRNA for Akt while inhibition of ERK pathway had no effect. Moreover, BDNF concentration-dependently induced the expression of NPW mRNA and decreased the expression of NPY mRNA in primary cultured hypothalamic neurons which was also blocked by a PI3K kinase inhibitor. Finally, in vivo study showed that exogenous BDNF injected icv increased NPW production in the hypothalamus and this effect was reversed by a PI3 kinase inhibitor. These results and the fact that BDNF was able to stimulate the expression of CRH demonstrated that neurotrophines can modulate the expression of NPW in neuronal cells via the PI3K/Akt pathway and suggest that BDNF might be involved in functions of the HPA axis, at least in part by modulating the expression of NPW/NPY and CRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikang Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti-ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Fengxia Yan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rifang Liao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Wan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Wenhua Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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Shi F, Guo H, Zhang R, Liu H, Wu L, Wu Q, Liu J, Liu T, Zhang Q. The PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 enhances radiosensitization and reduces chemoresistance to temozolomide in GBM cell lines. Neuroscience 2017; 346:298-308. [PMID: 28147244 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is among the most lethal of all human tumors. It is the most frequently occurring malignant primary brain tumor in adults. The current standard of care (SOC) for GBM is initial surgical resection followed by treatment with a combination of temozolomide (TMZ) and ionizing radiation (IR). However, GBM has a dismal prognosis, and survivors have compromised quality of life owing to the adverse effects of radiation. GBM is characterized by overt activity of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway. GDC-0941 is a highly specific PI3K inhibitor with promising anti-tumor activity in human solid tumors. It is being evaluated in Phase II clinical trials for the treatment of breast and non-squamous cell lung cancer. We hypothesized that GDC-0941 may act as an antitumor agent and potentiate the effects of TMZ and IR. In this study, GDC-0941 alone induced cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic effects. Moreover, combined with the standard GBM therapy (TMZ and IR), it suppressed cell viability, showed enhanced pro-apoptotic effects, augmented autophagy response, and attenuated migratory/invasive capacity in three glioma cell lines. Protein microarray analyses showed that treatment with TMZ+GDC-0941+IR induced higher levels of p53 and glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta (GSK3-β) expression in SHG44GBM cells than those induced by other treatments. This was verified in all cell lines by western blot analysis. Furthermore, the combination of TMZ and GDC-0941 with or without IR reduced the levels of p-AKT and O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in T98G cells. The results of this study suggest that the combination of TMZ, IR, and GDC-0941 is a promising choice for future treatments of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Shi
- Department of Skull Base Surgery Center, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Hongchuan Guo
- Department of Skull Base Surgery Center, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center (NCC), 6-5-1Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8577, Japan.
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Liangliang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Qiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Jialin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
| | - Qiuhang Zhang
- Department of Skull Base Surgery Center, Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, China.
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19
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Luo L, Chen J, Su D, Chen M, Luo B, Pi R, Wang L, Shen W, Wang R. L-F001, a Multifunction ROCK Inhibitor Prevents 6-OHDA Induced Cell Death Through Activating Akt/GSK-3beta and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in PC12 Cells and Attenuates MPTP-Induced Dopamine Neuron Toxicity in Mice. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:615-624. [PMID: 28078613 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Amounting evidences demonstrated that Rho/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) might be a novel target for the therapy of Parkinson's disease (PD). Recently, we synthesized L-F001 and revealed it was a potent ROCK inhibitor with multifunctional effects. Here we investigated the effects of L-F001 in PD models. We found that L-F001 potently attenuated 6-OHDA-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells and significantly decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), prevented the 6-OHDA-induced decline of mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular GSH levels. In addition, L-F001 increased Akt and GSK-3beta phosphorylation and induced the nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, L-F001 restored the levels of p-Akt and p-GSK-3beta (Ser9) as well as HO-1 expression reduced by 6-OHDA. Those effects were blocked by the specific PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, indicating the involvement of Akt/GSK-3beta pathway in the neuroprotective effect of L-F001. In addition, L-F001 significantly attenuated the tyrosinehydroxylase immunoreactive cell loss in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mice PD model. Together, our findings suggest that L-F001 prevents 6-OHDA-induced cell death through activating Akt/GSK-3beta and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and attenuates MPTP-induced dopaminergic neuron toxicity in mice. L-F001 might be a promising drug candidate for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Luo
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zhuhai, 519000, China.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,International Joint Laboratory (SYSU-PolyU HK) of Novel Anti-Dementia Drugs of Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jingkao Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,International Joint Laboratory (SYSU-PolyU HK) of Novel Anti-Dementia Drugs of Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Dan Su
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Meihui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,International Joint Laboratory (SYSU-PolyU HK) of Novel Anti-Dementia Drugs of Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Bingling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rongbiao Pi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,International Joint Laboratory (SYSU-PolyU HK) of Novel Anti-Dementia Drugs of Guangdong, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Puai Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430033, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Neurology, Puai Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430033, China.
| | - Rikang Wang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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20
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Wang Z, Ye Z, Huang G, Wang N, Wang E, Guo Q. Sevoflurane Post-conditioning Enhanced Hippocampal Neuron Resistance to Global Cerebral Ischemia Induced by Cardiac Arrest in Rats through PI3K/Akt Survival Pathway. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:271. [PMID: 27965539 PMCID: PMC5127837 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this current study was to evaluate whether improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction was involved in the therapeutic effect of sevoflurane post-conditioning in global cerebral ischemia after cardiac arrest (CA) via the PI3K/Akt pathway. In the first experiment, animals were randomly divided into three groups: a sham group, a CA group, a CA+sevoflurane post-conditioning group (CA+SE). Sevoflurane post-conditioning was achieved by administration of 2.5% sevoflurane for 30 min after resuscitation. Sevoflurane post-conditioning has a significant neuroprotective effect by increasing survival rates and reducing neuronal apoptosis. Additionally, the gene and protein expression of PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM, the master regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis, were up-regulated in the CA+SE group, when compared to the CA group. Similarly, in contrast to the CA group, mitochondria-specific antioxidant enzymes, including heat-shock protein 60 (HSP60), peroxiredoxin 3 (Prx3), and thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) were also increased in the CA+SE group. Finally, administration of sevoflurane ameliorated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and maintained mitochondrial integrity. In the second experiment, we investigated the relationship between the PI3K/Akt pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondria-specific antioxidant enzymes in sevoflurane-induced neuroprotection. The selective PI3K inhibitor wortmannin not only eliminated the beneficial biochemical processes of sevoflurane by reducing the level of mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins and aggravating mitochondrial integrity, but also reversed the elevation of mitochondria-specific antioxidant enzymes induced by sevoflurane. Therefore, our data suggested that sevoflurane post-conditioning provides neuroprotection via improving mitochondrial biogenesis and integrity, as well as increasing mitochondria-specific antioxidant enzymes by a mechanism involving the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan General HospitalHaikou, China
| | - Zhi Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, China
| | - Guoqing Huang
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, China
| | - E Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, China
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Abstract
Central neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are one of the biggest health problems worldwide. Currently, there is no cure for these diseases. The Gardenia jasminoides fruit is a common herbal medicine in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and a variety of preparations are used as treatments for central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Pharmacokinetic studies suggest genipin is one of the main effective ingredients of G. jasminoides fruit extract (GFE). Accumulated research data show that genipin possesses a range of key pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, neurogenic, antidiabetic, and antidepressant effects. Thus, genipin shows therapeutic potential for central neurodegenerative diseases. We review the pharmacological actions of genipin for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases of the CNS. We also describe the potential mechanisms underlying these effects.
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22
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Zheng W, Chong CM, Wang H, Zhou X, Zhang L, Wang R, Meng Q, Lazarovici P, Fang J. Artemisinin conferred ERK mediated neuroprotection to PC12 cells and cortical neurons exposed to sodium nitroprusside-induced oxidative insult. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 97:158-167. [PMID: 27242266 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The production of nitric oxide (NO) is one of the primary mediators of ischemic damage, glutamate neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration and therefore inhibition of NO-induced neurotoxicity may be considered a therapeutic target for reducing neuronal cell death (neuroprotection). In this study, artemisinin, a well-known anti-malaria drug was found to suppress sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a nitric oxide donor)-induced cell death in the PC12 cells and brain primary cortical neuronal cultures. Pretreatment of PC12 cells with artemisinin significantly suppressed SNP-induced cell death by decreasing the extent of oxidation, preventing the decline of mitochondrial membrane potential, restoring abnormal changes in nuclear morphology and reducing lactate dehydrogenase release and inhibiting caspase 3/7 activities. Western blotting analysis revealed that artemisinin was able to activate extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) pathway. Furthermore, the ERK inhibitor PD98059 blocked the neuroprotective effect of artemisinin whereas the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 had no effect. Cumulatively these findings support the notion that artemisinin confers neuroprotection from SNP-induce neuronal cell death insult, a phenomenon coincidentally related to activation of ERK phosphorylation. This SNP-induced oxidative insult in PC12 cell culture model may be useful to investigate molecular mechanisms of NO-induced neurotoxicity and drug-induced neuroprotection, and to generate novel therapeutic concepts for ischemic disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Zheng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | | | - Haitao Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xuanhe Zhou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Lang Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rikang Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Meng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Philip Lazarovici
- School of Pharmacy Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91102, Israel
| | - Jiankang Fang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
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23
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Eicosapentaenoic acid induced SKOV-3 cell apoptosis through ERK1/2–mTOR–NF-κB pathways. Anticancer Drugs 2016; 27:635-42. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Zeng Z, Wang X, Bhardwaj SK, Zhou X, Little PJ, Quirion R, Srivastava LK, Zheng W. The Atypical Antipsychotic Agent, Clozapine, Protects Against Corticosterone-Induced Death of PC12 Cells by Regulating the Akt/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3395-3406. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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25
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Activation of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor promotes the proliferation of rat retinal progenitor cell via activation of the PI-3-K and MAPK signaling pathways. Neuroscience 2016; 322:138-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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26
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Zeng Z, Wang H, Shang F, Zhou L, Little PJ, Quirion R, Zheng W. Lithium ions attenuate serum-deprivation-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells through regulation of the Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathways. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:785-94. [PMID: 26626328 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-015-4168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Lithium is currently used in the treatment of mental illness. We have previously reported that lithium stimulated the protein kinase B/Forkhead box O1 (Akt/FoxO1) pathway in rats. However, little information is available regarding its neuroprotective role of this pathway and underlying mechanisms. OBJECTIVES PC12 cells treated with serum deprivation were used as a toxicity model to study the protective effect of lithium and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Cell viability was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and Hoechst staining. FoxO1 subcellular location and its overexpression were used to study the underlying mechanisms. Various pathway inhibitors were used to investigate the possible pathways, while the phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO1 was analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS Lithium pretreatment dose-dependently reduced PC12 cell apoptosis induced by serum starvation. The protective effect of lithium was abolished by LY294002, a PI3K-specific inhibitor, and Akt inhibitor Akt inhibitor VIII, whereas mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK kinase) inhibitor U0126 had no effect. Lithium induced the phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO1 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Lithium-induced phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO1 is mediated by the PI3K/Akt pathway. Serum deprivation caused nuclear translocation of FoxO1 while application of lithium reversed the effect of serum deprivation. Moreover, overexpression of FoxO1 enhanced cell apoptosis induced by serum withdrawal. Finally, lithium was found to reduce the exogenous and endogenous FoxO1 protein levels in PC12 cells in a concentration-dependent fashion. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect of lithium against serum starvation cell death is mediated by the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Zeng
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Room 4021, Building E12, Avenida de Universidade Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurogenetics and Channelopathies, Institute of Neuroscience, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center and Neurophamacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center and Neurophamacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Zhou
- Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Peter J Little
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Remi Quirion
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Wenhua Zheng
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Room 4021, Building E12, Avenida de Universidade Taipa, Macau, People's Republic of China.
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Genipin Derivatives Protect RGC-5 from Sodium Nitroprusside-Induced Nitrosative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010117. [PMID: 26797604 PMCID: PMC4730358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
CHR20 and CHR21 are a pair of stable diastereoisomers derived from genipin. These stereoisomers are activators of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). In the rat retinal ganglion (RGC-5) cell model these compounds are non-toxic. Treatment of RGC-5 with 750 μM of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) produces nitrosative stress. Both genipin derivatives, however, protect these cells against SNP-induced apoptic cell death, although CHR21 is significantly more potent than CHR20 in this regard. With Western blotting we showed that the observed neuroprotection is primarily due to the activation of protein kinase B (Akt)/eNOS and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) signaling pathways. Therefore, LY294002 (a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor) or PD98059 (a MAPK-activating enzyme inhibitor) abrogated the protective effects of CHR20 and CHR21. Altogether, our results show that in our experimental setup neuroprotection by the diasteromeric pair is mediated through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Further studies are needed to establish the potential of these compounds to prevent ntric oxide (NO)-induced toxicity commonly seen in many neurodegenerative diseases.
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Yan PS, Tang S, Zhang HF, Guo YY, Zeng ZW, Wen Q. Nerve growth factor protects against palmitic acid-induced injury in retinal ganglion cells. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1851-1856. [PMID: 28123432 PMCID: PMC5204244 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.194758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports an important role for nerve growth factor (NGF) in diabetic retinopathy. We hypothesized that NGF has a protective effect on rat retinal ganglion RGC-5 cells injured by palmitic acid (PA), a metabolic factor implicated in the development of diabetes and its complications. Our results show that PA exposure caused apoptosis of RGC-5 cells, while NGF protected against PA insult in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, NGF significantly attenuated the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in RGC-5 cells. Pathway inhibitor tests showed that the protective effect of NGF was completely reversed by LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor), Akt VIII inhibitor, and PD98059 (ERK1/2 inhibitor). Western blot analysis revealed that NGF induced the phosphorylation of Akt/FoxO1 and ERK1/2 and reversed the PA-evoked reduction in the levels of these proteins. These results indicate that NGF protects RGC-5 cells against PA-induced injury through anti-oxidation and inhibition of apoptosis by modulation of the PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Shi Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shu Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Guo
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center and Shenzhen Key Lab for Psychological Healthcare, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Wen Zeng
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center and Shenzhen Key Lab for Psychological Healthcare, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiang Wen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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29
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Gao Y, Xu X, Chang S, Wang Y, Xu Y, Ran S, Huang Z, Li P, Li J, Zhang L, Saavedra JM, Liao H, Pang T. Totarol prevents neuronal injury in vitro and ameliorates brain ischemic stroke: Potential roles of Akt activation and HO-1 induction. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 289:142-54. [PMID: 26440581 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The natural product totarol, a phenolic diterpenoid and a major constituent isolated from the sap of Podocarpus totara, has been reported to have a potent antimicrobial activity. In this study, we determined whether totarol possessed an additional neuroprotective activity in vitro and in vivo. We found that totarol prevented glutamate- and oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced neuronal death in primary rat cerebellar granule neuronal cells and cerebral cortical neurons. Totarol increased Akt and GSK-3β phosphorylation, Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expressions and suppressed oxidative stress by increasing GSH and SOD activities. The PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 prevented totarol neuroprotective effect by suppressing the totarol-induced changes in HO-1 expression and the activities of GSH and SOD. The HO-1 inhibitor ZnPPIX also prevented totarol-increased GSH and SOD activities. In a model of acute cerebral ischemic injury in Sprague-Dawley rats, produced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery for 2h followed by 22 h or 46 h of reperfusion, totarol significantly reduced infarct volume and improved the neurological deficit. In this model, totarol increased HO-1 expression and the activities of GSH and SOD. These observations suggest that totarol may be a novel activator of the Akt/HO-1 pathway protecting against ischemic stroke through reduction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxue Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Sai Chang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yunjie Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Yazhou Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Siqi Ran
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- National Center for Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Guo Shoujing Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Juan M Saavedra
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Hong Liao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Tao Pang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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30
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Chemically Bonding of Amantadine with Gardenamide A Enhances the Neuroprotective Effects against Corticosterone-Induced Insults in PC12 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:22795-810. [PMID: 26402670 PMCID: PMC4613336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160922795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two amantadine (ATD)-gardenamide A (GA) ligands have been designed and synthesized. The bonding of ATD with GA through a methylene carbonyl brigde (L1) enhances the neuroprotective effect against corticosterone (CORT)-induced impairments in PC12 cells; while the bonding through a succinyl brigde (L2) does not. L1 reduces the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis generated by CORT. It restores CORT-changed cell morphology to a state that is closed to normal PC12 cells. One mechanism of L1 to attenuate CORT-induced cell apoptosis is through the adjustment of both caspase-3 and Bcl-2 proteins. Like GA, both nNOS and eNOS might be involved in the neuroprotective mechanism of L1. All the evidences suggest that L1 may be a potential agent to treat depression.
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Rutin, A Natural Flavonoid Protects PC12 Cells Against Sodium Nitroprusside-Induced Neurotoxicity Through Activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERK1/2 Pathway. Neurochem Res 2015; 40:1945-53. [PMID: 26255195 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1690-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Free radicals induced neural damage is implicated in CNS diseases and rutin isolated form Lonicera japonica are reported to have neuroprotective activity. Previously, we confirmed that rutin exerted neuroprotective effect against sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced cell death in PC12 cells. However, the neuroprotective mechanism of rutin is still not fully uncovered. Here, we found that rutin significantly decreased SNP-induced reactive oxygen species in PC12 cells. Rutin reversed the declined GSH/GSSG ratio and mitochondrial membrane potential induced by SNP. Moreover, rutin activated both the protein Akt/mTOR and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) signaling pathways and the neuroprotective effects of rutin were blocked by either the specific PI3K inhibitor LY294002 or the MAPK pathway inhibitor PD98059. In summary, these results demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects of rutin might be through activating both the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Our findings support that rutin may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of CNS diseases related to NO neurotoxicity.
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32
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Shen W, Wang L, Pi R, Li Z, Rikang Wang. L-F001, a multifunctional ROCK inhibitor prevents paraquat-induced cell death through attenuating ER stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC12 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:794-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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