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Zhang L, Liu L, Li D, Wu J, Gao S, Song F, Zhou Y, Liu D, Mei W. Heat Shock Protein 22 Attenuates Nerve Injury-induced Neuropathic Pain Via Improving Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Reducing Oxidative Stress Mediated By Spinal AMPK/PGC-1α Pathway in Male Rats. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2024; 19:5. [PMID: 38319409 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-024-10100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 22 (hsp22) plays a significant role in mitochondrial biogenesis and redox balance. Moreover, it's well accepted that the impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis and redox imbalance contributes to the progress of neuropathic pain. However, there is no available evidence indicating that hsp22 can ameliorate mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, sustain mitochondrial biogenesis and redox balance in rats with neuropathic pain. In this study, pain behavioral test, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Dihydroethidium staining are applied to confirm the role of hsp22 in a male rat model of spared nerve injury (SNI). Our results indicate that hsp22 was significantly decreased in spinal neurons post SNI. Moreover, it was found that intrathecal injection (i.t.) with recombinant heat shock protein 22 protein (rhsp22) ameliorated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, facilitated nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1)/ mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM)-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis, decreased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and suppressed oxidative stress via activation of spinal adenosine 5'monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/ peroxisome proliferative activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) pathway in male rats with SNI. Furthermore, it was also demonstrated that AMPK antagonist (compound C, CC) or PGC-1α siRNA reversed the improved mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress, and the decreased ROS induced by rhsp22 in male rats with SNI. These results revealed that hsp22 alleviated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, improved the impairment of NRF1/TFAM-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis, down-regulated the level of ROS, and mitigated oxidative stress through stimulating the spinal AMPK/PGC-1α pathway in male rats with SNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longqing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Danyang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiayi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shaojie Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fanhe Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yaqun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Daiqiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Wei Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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Liu TT, Qiu CY, Hu WP. Metformin inhibits spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in spinal dorsal cord neurons from paclitaxel-treated rats. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2023; 15:1191383. [PMID: 37216004 PMCID: PMC10195993 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1191383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer patients treated with paclitaxel often develop chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, which has not been effectively treated with drugs. The anti-diabetic drug metformin is effective in the treatment of neuropathic pain. The aim of this study was to elucidate effect of metformin on paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain and spinal synaptic transmission. Methods Electrophysiological experiments on rat spinal slices were performed in vitro and mechanical allodynia quantified in vitro. Results The present data demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel produced mechanical allodynia and potentiated spinal synaptic transmission. Intrathecal injection of metformin significantly reversed the established mechanical allodynia induced by paclitaxel in rats. Either spinal or systemic administration of metformin significantly inhibited the increased frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) in spinal dorsal horn neurons from paclitaxel-treated rats. We found that 1 h incubation of metformin also reduced the frequency rather than the amplitude of sEPSCs in the spinal slices from paclitaxel-treated rats. Discussion These results suggested that metformin was able to depress the potentiated spinal synaptic transmission, which may contribute to alleviating the paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Chun-Yu Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
| | - Wang-Ping Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China
- Department of Physiology, Hubei College of Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
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Liu M, Zhao YT, Lv YY, Xu T, Li D, Xiong YC, Xin WJ, Lin SY. Metformin Relieves Bortezomib-Induced Neuropathic Pain by Regulating AMPKa2-Mediated Autophagy in the Spinal Dorsal Horn. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1878-1887. [PMID: 35278160 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain is a major clinical problem with limited treatment options. Here, we show that metformin relieves bortezomib (BTZ)-evoked induction and maintenance of neuropathic pain by preventing the reduction in the expression of Beclin-1, an autophagy marker, in the spinal dorsal horn. Application of rapamycin or 3-methyladenine, autophagy inducer and inhibitor, respectively, affected the mechanical allodynia differently. Co-application of 3-methyladenine and metformin partially inhibited the effect of metformin in recovering Beclin-1 expression and in reducing the pain behavior in rats subjected to BTZ treatment. BTZ treatment also reduced the expression of AMPKa2 in the dorsal horn, which was recovered by metformin treatment. Overexpression of AMPKa2 attenuated the BTZ-evoked reduction in Beclin-1 expression and mechanical allodynia, whereas intrathecal injection of AMPKa2 siRNA decreased the Beclin-1 expression and induced mechanical allodynia in naive rats. Moreover, BTZ treatment increased the GATA3 expression in the dorsal horn, and GATA3 siRNA attenuated the AMPKa2 downregulation and mechanical allodynia induced by BTZ. Chromatin immunoprecipitation further showed that BTZ induced an increased recruitment of GATA3 to multiple sites in the AMPKa2 promoter region. Furthermore, decreased acetylation and increased methylation of histone H3 in the AMPKa2 promoter in the spinal dorsal horn was detected after BTZ treatment. Our findings suggest that metformin may regulate AMPKa2-mediated autophagy in the dorsal horn and alleviate the behavioral hypersensitivity induced by BTZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Liu
- Zhongshan Medical School and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan Rd. 2, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ting Zhao
- Zhongshan Medical School and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan Rd. 2, Guangzhou, China
| | - You-You Lv
- Department of Anesthesia, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Zhongshan Medical School and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan Rd. 2, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Chang Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jun Xin
- Zhongshan Medical School and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan Rd. 2, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su-Yan Lin
- Zhongshan Medical School and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan Rd. 2, Guangzhou, China.
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Adiponectin regulates electroacupuncture-produced analgesic effects in association with a crosstalk between the peripheral circulation and the spinal cord. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 99:43-52. [PMID: 34562596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitter-mediated acupuncture analgesia has been widely studied in nervous systems. It remains largely unclear if peripheral substances are involved the acupuncture analgesia. Adiponectin (APN), a circulating adipokine, shows analgesic effects. The study aimed to examine whether APN regulates analgesic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) in the complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced mouse model. APN wild type (WT) and knockout (KO) mouse were employed in the study. We found that EA attenuates the CFA-induced pain as demonstrated by the Hargreaves thermal test and the von Frey filament test. The deletion of APN significantly reduced the acupuncture analgesia in the CFA-treated APN KO mice while the intrathecal administration of APN mimicked the analgesic effects of EA. We further revealed that EA produced analgesic effects mainly via APN/AdipoR2-mediated AMPK pathway by the siRNA inhibitions of APN receptors (adipoR1/2) in the spinal cord. The immunofluorescence staining analysis showed that EA increased the APN accumulation in spinal cord through the blood circulation. In conclusion, the study indicates a novel mechanism that acupuncture produces analgesic effects at least partially via APN/AdipoR2-AMPK pathway in the spinal cord.
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Lee BH, Kang J, Kim HY, Gwak YS. The Roles of Superoxide on At-Level Spinal Cord Injury Pain in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052672. [PMID: 33800907 PMCID: PMC7961837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In the present study, we examined superoxide-mediated excitatory nociceptive transmission on at-level neuropathic pain following spinal thoracic 10 contusion injury (SCI) in male Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: Mechanical sensitivity at body trunk, neuronal firing activity, and expression of superoxide marker/ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs)/CamKII were measured in the T7/8 dorsal horn, respectively. Results: Topical treatment of superoxide donor t-BOOH (0.4 mg/kg) increased neuronal firing rates and pCamKII expression in the naïve group, whereas superoxide scavenger Tempol (1 mg/kg) and non-specific ROS scavenger PBN (3 mg/kg) decreased firing rates in the SCI group (* p < 0.05). SCI showed increases of iGluRs-mediated neuronal firing rates and pCamKII expression (* p < 0.05); however, t-BOOH treatment did not show significant changes in the naïve group. The mechanical sensitivity at the body trunk in the SCI group (6.2 ± 0.5) was attenuated by CamKII inhibitor KN-93 (50 μg, 3.9 ± 0.4) or Tempol (1 mg, 4 ± 0.4) treatment (* p < 0.05). In addition, the level of superoxide marker Dhet showed significant increase in SCI rats compared to the sham group (11.7 ± 1.7 vs. 6.6 ± 1.5, * p < 0.05). Conclusions: Superoxide and the pCamKII pathway contribute to chronic at-level neuropathic pain without involvement of iGluRs following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea;
- Research Center for Herbal Convergence on Liver Disease, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea;
| | - Jonghoon Kang
- Department of Biology, Valdosta State University, Valdosta, GA 31698, USA;
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Research Center for Herbal Convergence on Liver Disease, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea;
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea
| | - Young S. Gwak
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-949-824-7222
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Wilhelm EA, Soares PS, Reis AS, Barth A, Freitas BG, Motta KP, Lemos BB, Vogt AG, da Fonseca CAR, Araujo DR, Barcellos AM, Perin G, Luchese C. Se - [(2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl] 4-chlorobenzoselenolate reduces the nociceptive and edematogenic response by chemical noxious stimuli in mice: Implications of multi-target actions. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:1201-1209. [PMID: 31669884 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study evaluated the antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-edematogenic effects of Se-[(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) methyl] 4-chlorobenzoselenolate (Se-DMC). METHODS In vitro experiments were carried out to evaluate Se-DMC antioxidant action. Thiobarbituric acid reactive species levels, 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-thylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals scavenging and glutathione S-transferase-like activity were determined. Male Swiss mice were orally pretreated with Se-DMC (1, 10 and 50 mg/kg), meloxicam (50 mg/kg) or vehicle 30 min prior to acetic acid or glutamate test. To extend our knowledge of the pharmacological properties of this compound, it was tested in an inflammatory model through ear edema induced by croton oil. The contribution of glutamatergic and serotonergic systems was also investigated. RESULTS In vitro experiments revealed that Se-DMC exerts antioxidant activity. Nociception induced by glutamate or acetic acid was reduced by Se-DMC or meloxicam. Se-DMC diminished the paw edema formation induced by glutamate, while meloxicam did not show any effect. Se-DMC and meloxicam decreased the ear edema formation and protected against the increase in myeloperoxidase activity in mice ear induced by croton oil. The pretreatment of animals with MK-801 did not alter antinociception caused by Se-DMC in the glutamate test. The antinociceptive effect exerted by Se-DMC in the acetic acid test was reverted by the pretreatment of mice with different serotonergic antagonists (WAY100635, ketanserin and pindolol). CONCLUSIONS Data presented here showed that the modulation of serotonergic and glutamatergic systems and the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions could contribute to the antinociceptive and anti-edematogenic effects of Se-DMC and it supported the therapeutic potential of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethel A Wilhelm
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Paola S Soares
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angélica S Reis
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Anelise Barth
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Barbara G Freitas
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ketlyn P Motta
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Briana B Lemos
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ane G Vogt
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Caren A R da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela R Araujo
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelita M Barcellos
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Gelson Perin
- Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Limpa, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Luchese
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Farmacologia Bioquímica, CCQFA - Universidade Federal de Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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La JH, Wang J, Bittar A, Shim HS, Bae C, Chung JM. Differential involvement of reactive oxygen species in a mouse model of capsaicin-induced secondary mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia. Mol Pain 2018; 13:1744806917713907. [PMID: 28587509 PMCID: PMC5466348 DOI: 10.1177/1744806917713907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Intradermally injected capsaicin induces secondary mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia outside the primary (i.e., capsaicin-injected) site. This secondary mechanical hypersensitivity is attributed to central sensitization in which reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role. We examined whether ROS would be differentially involved in secondary mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia using a mouse intraplantar capsaicin injection model. In mice, capsaicin-induced secondary mechanical hyperalgesia outlasted its allodynia counterpart. Unlike the hyperalgesia, the allodynia was temporarily abolished by an anesthetic given at the capsaicin-injected site. The ROS scavenger phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone slowed the development of both secondary mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia when administered before intraplantar capsaicin injection, whereas it inhibited only the allodynia when administered after capsaicin had already induced secondary mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia. Intrathecal injection of the ROS donor KO2 induced both mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia with the former outlasting the latter. Metformin, an activator of redox-sensitive adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, selectively inhibited capsaicin-induced secondary mechanical allodynia and intrathecal KO2-induced mechanical allodynia. These results suggest that ROS is required for rapid activation of central sensitization mechanisms for both secondary mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia after intraplantar capsaicin injection. Once activated, the mechanism for the hyperalgesia is long-lasting without being critically dependent on ongoing afferent activities arising from the capsaicin-injected site and the continuous presence of ROS. On the contrary, the ongoing afferent activities, ROS presence and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase inhibition are indispensable for the maintenance mechanism for capsaicin-induced secondary mechanical allodynia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jigong Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Alice Bittar
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Hyun Soo Shim
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Chilman Bae
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jin Mo Chung
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Pharmacological activation of AMPK inhibits incision-evoked mechanical hypersensitivity and the development of hyperalgesic priming in mice. Neuroscience 2017; 359:119-129. [PMID: 28729062 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
New therapeutics to manage post-surgical pain are needed to mitigate the liabilities of opioid and other analgesics. Our previous work shows that key modulators of excitability in peripheral nociceptors, such as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) are inhibited by activation of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK). We hypothesized that AMPK activation would attenuate acute incision-evoked mechanical hypersensitivity and the development of hyperalgesic priming caused by surgery in mice. Here we have used a variety of administration routes and combinations of AMPK activators to test this hypothesis. Topical administration of a resveratrol-based cream inhibited acute mechanical hypersensitivity evoked by incision and blocked the development of hyperalgesic priming. We also observed that systemic administration of metformin dose-dependently inhibited incision-evoked mechanical hypersensitivity and hyperalgesic priming. Interestingly, low doses of systemic metformin and local resveratrol that had no acute effect were able to mitigate development of hyperalgesic priming. Combined treatment with doses of systemic metformin and local resveratrol that were not effective on their own enhanced the acute efficacy of the individual AMPK activators for post-surgical mechanical pain alleviation and blocked the development of hyperalgesic priming. Finally, we used dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in culture to show that resveratrol and metformin given in combination shift the concentration-response curve for AMPK activation to the left and increase the magnitude of AMPK activation. Therefore, we find that topical administration is an effective treatment route of administration and combining systemic and local treatments led to anti-nociceptive efficacy in acute mechanical hypersensitivity at doses that were not effective alone. Collectively our work demonstrates a specific effect of AMPK activators on post-surgical pain and points to novel therapeutic opportunities with potential immediate impact in the clinical setting.
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