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Hu L, Liu Y, Yuan Z, Guo H, Duan R, Ke P, Meng Y, Tian X, Xiao F. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase alleviates epileptic seizures by repressing reactive oxygen species production to promote signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-mediated N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors inhibition. Redox Biol 2024; 74:103236. [PMID: 38875958 PMCID: PMC11225908 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of epilepsy remains unclear; however, a prevailing hypothesis suggests that the primary underlying cause is an imbalance between neuronal excitability and inhibition. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, which is primarily involved in deoxynucleic acid synthesis and antioxidant defense mechanisms and exhibits increased expression during the chronic phase of epilepsy, predominantly colocalizing with neurons. G6PD overexpression significantly reduces the frequency and duration of spontaneous recurrent seizures. Furthermore, G6PD overexpression enhances signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) expression, thus influencing N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors expression, and subsequently affecting seizure activity. Importantly, the regulation of STAT1 by G6PD appears to be mediated primarily through reactive oxygen species signaling pathways. Collectively, our findings highlight the pivotal role of G6PD in modulating epileptogenesis, and suggest its potential as a therapeutic target for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ziwei Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Haokun Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ran Duan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Pingyang Ke
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Major Neurological and Mental Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Zhang H, Zhou Z, Qin J, Yang J, Huang H, Yang X, Luo Z, Zheng Y, Peng Y, Chen Y, Xu Z. Transmembrane protein modulates seizure in epilepsy: evidence from temporal lobe epilepsy patients and mouse models. Exp Anim 2024; 73:162-174. [PMID: 38030240 PMCID: PMC11091352 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.23-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane protein (TMEM230) is located in secretory/recycling vesicles, including synaptic vesicles in neurons. However, the functional relationship between TMEM230 and epilepsy is still a mystery. The aims of this study were to investigate the expression of TMEM230 in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and two different mice models of chronic epilepsy, and to determine the probable roles of TMEM230 in epilepsy. Our results showed that TMEM230 expression was increased in the temporal neocortex of epileptic patients and the hippocampus and cortex of epileptic mice compared with that in the control tissues. Moreover, TMEM230 was mainly expressed in the neurons in both humans and mice epileptic brain. TMEM230 co-localized with glutamate vesicular transporter 1 (VGLUT-1), but not with vesicular γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter (VGAT). Mechanistically, coimmunoprecipitation confirmed that TMEM230 interacted with VGLUT-1, but not with VGAT in the hippocampus of epileptic mice. Lentivirus mediated overexpression of TMEM230 increased mice susceptibility to epilepsy and behavioural phenotypes of epileptic seizures during the kainite (KA)-induced chronic phase of epileptic seizures and the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling process, whereas lentivirus-mediated TMEM230 downregulation had the opposite effect. These results shed light on the functions of TMEM230 in neurons, suggesting that TMEM230 may play a critical role in the regulation of epileptic activity via influencing excitatory neurotransmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Zunlin Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Jiyao Qin
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Yongsu Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Ya Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Zucai Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, 149 Dalian Road, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
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Feng M, Zhou Q, Xie H, Liu C, Zheng M, Zhang S, Zhou S, Zhao J. Role of CD36 in central nervous system diseases. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:512-518. [PMID: 37721278 PMCID: PMC10581564 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.380821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
CD36 is a highly glycosylated integral membrane protein that belongs to the scavenger receptor class B family and regulates the pathological progress of metabolic diseases. CD36 was recently found to be widely expressed in various cell types in the nervous system, including endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, and microglia. CD36 mediates a number of regulatory processes, such as endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammatory responses, which are involved in many central nervous system diseases, such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cord injury. CD36 antagonists can suppress CD36 expression or prevent CD36 binding to its ligand, thereby achieving inhibition of CD36-mediated pathways or functions. Here, we reviewed the mechanisms of action of CD36 antagonists, such as Salvianolic acid B, tanshinone IIA, curcumin, sulfosuccinimidyl oleate, antioxidants, and small-molecule compounds. Moreover, we predicted the structures of binding sites between CD36 and antagonists. These sites can provide targets for more efficient and safer CD36 antagonists for the treatment of central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Feng
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huimin Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengru Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Songlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Senn L, Costa AM, Avallone R, Socała K, Wlaź P, Biagini G. Is the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma a putative target for epilepsy treatment? Current evidence and future perspectives. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108316. [PMID: 36436690 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), which belongs to the family of nuclear receptors, has been mainly studied as an important factor in metabolic disorders. However, in recent years the potential role of PPARγ in different neurological diseases has been increasingly investigated. Especially, in the search of therapeutic targets for patients with epilepsy the question of the involvement of PPARγ in seizure control has been raised. Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder causing a major impact on the psychological, social, and economic conditions of patients and their families, besides the problems of the disease itself. Considering that the world prevalence of epilepsy ranges between 0.5% - 1.0%, this condition is the fourth for importance among the other neurological disorders, following migraine, stroke, and dementia. Among others, temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of epilepsy in adult patients. About 65% of individuals who receive antiseizure medications (ASMs) experience seizure independence. For those in whom seizures still recur, investigating PPARγ could lead to the development of novel ASMs. This review focuses on the most important findings from recent investigations about the potential intracellular PPARγ-dependent processes behind different compounds that exhibited anti-seizure effects. Additionally, recent clinical investigations are discussed along with the promising results found for PPARγ agonists and the ketogenic diet (KD) in various rodent models of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Senn
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; PhD School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (CEM), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Anna-Maria Costa
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Rossella Avallone
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Socała
- Department of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, PL 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Piotr Wlaź
- Department of Animal Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, PL 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Giuseppe Biagini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.
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Dobri AM, Dudău M, Enciu AM, Hinescu ME. CD36 in Alzheimer's Disease: An Overview of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targeting. Neuroscience 2020; 453:301-311. [PMID: 33212223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CD36 is a membrane protein with wide distribution in the human body, is enriched in the monocyte-macrophage system and endothelial cells, and is involved in the cellular uptake of long chain fatty acids (LCFA) and oxidized low-density lipoproteins. It is also a scavenger receptor, binding hydrophobic amyloid fibrils found in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. In neurobiology research, it has been mostly studied in relationship with chronic ischemia and stroke, but it was also related to amyloid clearance by microglial phagocytosis. In AD animal models, amyloid binding to CD36 has been consistently correlated with a pro-inflammatory response. Therapeutic approaches have two main focuses: CD36 blockade with monoclonal antibodies or small molecules, which is beneficial in terms of the inflammatory milieu, and upregulation of CD36 for increased amyloid clearance. The balance of the two approaches, centered on microglia, is poorly understood. Furthermore, CD36 evaluation in AD clinical studies is still at a very early stage and there is a gap in the knowledge regarding the impact of LCFA on AD progression and CD36 expression and genetic phenotype. This review summarizes the role played by CD36 in the pathogenic amyloid cascade and explore the translatability of preclinical data towards clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Dobri
- "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5 Eroilor Sanitari Blvd, 050047 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Maria Dudău
- "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5 Eroilor Sanitari Blvd, 050047 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Ana-Maria Enciu
- "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5 Eroilor Sanitari Blvd, 050047 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mihail Eugen Hinescu
- "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5 Eroilor Sanitari Blvd, 050047 Bucharest, Romania
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Tang S, Wang T, Zhang X, Guo Y, Xu P, Zeng J, Luo Z, Li D, Zheng Y, Luo Y, Yu C, Xu Z. Olfactomedin-3 Enhances Seizure Activity by Interacting With AMPA Receptors in Epilepsy Models. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:722. [PMID: 32850838 PMCID: PMC7431667 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: OLFM3 (olfactomedin-3) is a member of the olfactomedin domain family, which has been found to stimulate the formation and adhesion of tight cell connections and to regulate cytoskeleton formation and cell migration. Differences in the gene coding for OLFM3 have been found between patients with epilepsy and controls. However, the exact role of OLFM3 in epilepsy has not been thoroughly investigated. Methods: Biochemical methods were used to assess OLFM3 expression and localization in the cortex of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and in the hippocampus and cortex of epileptic mice. Electrophysiological recordings were used to measure the role of OLFM3 in regulating hippocampal excitability in a model of magnesium-free-induced seizure in vitro. Behavioral experiments were performed in a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure model, and electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded in the chronic phase of the kainic acid (KA)-induced epilepsy model in vivo. OLFM3 and its interaction with AMPAR (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor) subunits were analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation. Results: The expression of OLFM3 was increased in the cortex of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and in the hippocampus and cortex of epileptic mice compared with controls. Interestingly, lentivirus-mediated overexpression of OLFM3 in the hippocampus increased the susceptibility of mice to PTZ-induced seizures, and OLFM3 knockdown had the opposite effect. OLFM3 affected AMPAR currents in a brain-slice model of epileptiform activity induced by Mg2+-free medium. We found that OLFM3 co-immunoprecipitation with GluA1 and GluA2. Furthermore, downregulation or overexpression of OLFM3 in the hippocampus affected the membrane expression of GluA1 and GluA2 in epileptic mice. Conclusion: These findings reveal that OLFM3 may enhance seizure activity by interacting with GluA1 and GluA2, potentially indicating a molecular mechanism for new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Department of Neurology, The Thirteenth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Junwei Zeng
- Department of Physiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhong Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dongxu Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yongsu Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuemei Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Changyin Yu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zucai Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Brain Science, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion (MERS) in twin sisters with two CD36 frameshift mutations. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2271-2274. [PMID: 32346805 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is a clinical radiological syndrome with good prognosis that affects mainly children or young adults. We describe two cases of MERS, associated with echovirus 6 and influenza A infection, in two twin sisters, at the age of 4 years. Genetic analysis was performed; next exome sequencing was performed on twins to disclose the eventual causative gene. Two different frameshift mutations in the CD36 gene [NM_000072] were found in both twins and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. To best of our knowledge, we report an association between CD36 mutation and MERS. We think that this relation between CD36 and inflammation has had a crucial role in the same callosal alteration during viral disease in the twin sister with the same gene mutation.
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