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Li Y, Deng H, Zhang H, Yang L, Wang S, Wang H, Zhu J, Li X, Chen X, Lin Y, Li R, Wang G, Li K. Transforming growth factor-β1 protects mechanically injured cortical murine neurons by reducing trauma-induced autophagy and apoptosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1381279. [PMID: 38863498 PMCID: PMC11165077 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1381279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) has a neuroprotective function in traumatic brain injury (TBI) through its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective actions of TGF-β1 on the cortex require further investigation. In this study, we were aimed to investigate the regulatory function of TGF-β1 on neuronal autophagy and apoptosis using an in vitro primary cortical neuron trauma-injury model. LDH activity was assayed to measure cell viability, and intracellular [Ca2+] was measured using Fluo-4-AM in an in vitro primary cortical neuron trauma-injury model. RNA-sequencing (RNAseq), immunofluorescent staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blot and CTSD activity detection were employed. We observed significant enrichment of DEGs related to autophagy, apoptosis, and the lysosome pathway in trauma-injured cortical neurons. TEM confirmed the presence of autophagosomes as well as autophagolysosomes. Western blot revealed upregulation of autophagy-related protein light chain 3 (LC3-II/LC3-I), sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1/p62), along with apoptosis-related protein cleaved-caspase 3 in trauma-injured primary cortical neurons. Furthermore, trauma-injured cortical neurons showed an upregulation of lysosomal marker protein (LAMP1) and lysosomal enzyme mature cathepsin D (mCTSD), but a decrease in the activity of CTSD enzyme. These results indicated that apoptosis was up-regulated in trauma- injured cortical neurons at 24 h, accompanied by lysosomal dysfunction and impaired autophagic flux. Notably, TGF-β1 significantly reversed these changes. Our results suggested that TGF-β1 exerted neuroprotective effects on trauma- injured cortical neurons by reducing lysosomal dysfunction, decreasing the accumulation of autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes, and enhancing autophagic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huixiong Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hengyao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shenmiao Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haoyang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinhong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gefei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kangsheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Li T, Zhuang D, Cai S, Ding F, Tian F, Huang M, Li L, Chen W, Li K, Sheng J. Low serum calcium is a novel predictor of unfavorable prognosis after traumatic brain injury. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18475. [PMID: 37576228 PMCID: PMC10412893 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate and convenient serological markers for prognosis after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are still lacking. We aimed to explore the predictive value of serum calcium for prognosing outcomes within 6 months after TBI. Methods In this multicenter retrospective study, 1255 and 719 patients were included in development and validation cohorts, respectively, and their 6-month prognoses were recorded. Serum calcium was measured through routine blood tests within 24 h of hospital admission. Two multivariate predictive models with or without serum calcium for prognosis were developed. Receiver operating characteristics and calibration curves were applied to estimate their performance. Results The patients with lower serum calcium levels had a higher frequency of unfavorable 6-month prognosis than those without. Lower serum calcium level at admission was associated with an unfavorable 6-month prognosis in a wide spectrum of patients with TBI. Lower serum calcium level and our prognostic model including calcium performed well in predicting the 6-month unfavorable outcome. The calcium nomogram maintained excellent performance in discrimination and calibration in the external validation cohort. Conclusions Lower serum calcium level upon admission is an independent risk factor for an unfavorable 6-month prognosis after TBI. Integrating serum calcium into a multivariate predictive model improves the performance for predicting 6-month unfavorable outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Shantou University Medical College, Department of Microbiology and Immunology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongzhou Zhuang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shirong Cai
- First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Faxiu Ding
- First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Tian
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mindong Huang
- Affiliated Jieyang Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Department of Neurosurgery, Jieyang, Guangdong, China
| | - Lianjie Li
- Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kangsheng Li
- Shantou University Medical College, Department of Microbiology and Immunology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiangtao Sheng
- Shantou University Medical College, Department of Microbiology and Immunology & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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Cheng X, Yan Z, Su Z, Liu J. The transforming growth factor beta ligand TIG-2 modulates the function of neuromuscular junction and muscle energy metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:962974. [PMID: 36385772 PMCID: PMC9650414 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.962974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Deciphering the physiological function of TGF-β (the transforming growth factor beta) family ligands is import for understanding the role of TGF-β in animals' development and aging. Here, we investigate the function of TIG-2, one of the ligands in Caenorhabditis elegans TGF-β family, in animals' behavioral modulation. Our results show that a loss-of-function mutation in tig-2 gene result in slower locomotion speed in the early adulthood and an increased density of cholinergic synapses, but a decreased neurotransmitter release at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). Further tissue-specific rescue results reveal that neuronal and intestinal TIG-2 are essential for the formation of cholinergic synapses at NMJs. Interestingly, tig-2(ok3416) mutant is characterized with reduced muscle mitochondria content and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, although the function of muscle acetylcholine receptors and the morphology muscle fibers in the mutant are comparable to that in wild-type animals. Our result suggests that TIG-2 from different neuron and intestine regulates worm locomotion by modulating synaptogenesis and neurotransmission at NMJs, as well as energy metabolism in postsynaptic muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Cheng
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zexiong Su
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jie Liu
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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