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Chatterjee AR, Malhotra A, Curl P, Andre JB, Perez-Carrillo GJG, Smith EB. Traumatic Cervical Cerebrovascular Injury and the Role of CTA: AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2024; 223:e2329783. [PMID: 37791730 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.23.29783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic cerebrovascular injury (CVI) involving the cervical carotid and vertebral arteries is rare but can lead to stroke, hemodynamic compromise, and mortality in the absence of early diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis of both blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) and penetrating CVI is based on cerebrovascular imaging. The most commonly used screening criteria for BCVI include the expanded Denver criteria and the Memphis criteria, each providing varying thresholds for subsequent imaging. Neck CTA has supplanted catheter-based digital subtraction angiography as the preferred screening modality for CVI in patients with trauma. This AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review describes the current state of CTA-based cervical imaging in trauma. We review the most common screening criteria for BCVI, discuss BCVI grading scales that are based on neck CTA, describe the diagnostic performance of CTA in the context of other imaging modalities and evolving treatment strategies, and provide a practical guide for neck CTA implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Rano Chatterjee
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 510 S Kingshighway, Box 8131, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Ajay Malhotra
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Patti Curl
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Jalal B Andre
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Section, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Gloria J Guzman Perez-Carrillo
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 510 S Kingshighway, Box 8131, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Elana B Smith
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Gemmete JJ. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in the Evaluation and Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Intracranial Hemorrhage, and Acute Ischemic Stroke. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2024; 34:241-249. [PMID: 38604708 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has emerged as a valuable imaging modality in the diagnosis and management of various cerebrovascular pathologies, including subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracranial hemorrhage, and acute ischemic stroke. This article reviews the principles of DECT and its applications in the evaluation and management of these conditions. The authors discuss the advantages of DECT over conventional computed tomography, as well as its limitations, and provide an overview of current research and future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Gemmete
- Departments of Radiology, Neurosurgery, Neurology, and Otolaryngology, Michigan Medicine, UH B1D 328, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48019, USA.
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Jarunnarumol N, Kamalian S, Lev MH, Gupta R. Neuroradiology Applications of Dual and Multi-energy Computed Tomography. Radiol Clin North Am 2023; 61:973-985. [PMID: 37758364 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) imaging has become an essential diagnostic tool for most emergent clinical conditions, owing to its speed, accuracy, cost, and few contraindications, compared with MR imaging cross-sectional imaging. Spectral CT, which includes dual, multienergy, and photon-counting CT, is superior to conventional single-energy CT (SECT) in many respects. Spectral information enables differentiation between materials with similar Hounsfield Unit attenuations on SECT; examples include but are not limited to "virtual noncontrast," "virtual noncalcium," and most notably for neuro applications, "hemorrhage versus iodine." This article expands on the many possible benefits of spectral CT in neuroimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthawut Jarunnarumol
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Shahmir Kamalian
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michael H Lev
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Rajiv Gupta
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Tanoue S, Nakaura T, Nagayama Y, Uetani H, Ikeda O, Yamashita Y. Virtual Monochromatic Image Quality from Dual-Layer Dual-Energy Computed Tomography for Detecting Brain Tumors. Korean J Radiol 2021; 22:951-958. [PMID: 33569932 PMCID: PMC8154786 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2020.0677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the usefulness of virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) obtained using dual-layer dual-energy CT (DL-DECT) for evaluating brain tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 32 patients with brain tumors who had undergone non-contrast head CT using DL-DECT. Among them, 15 had glioblastoma (GBM), 7 had malignant lymphoma, 5 had high-grade glioma other than GBM, 3 had low-grade glioma, and 2 had metastatic tumors. Conventional polychromatic images and VMIs (40-200 keV at 10 keV intervals) were generated. We compared CT attenuation, image noise, contrast, and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) between tumor and white matter (WM) or grey matter (GM) between VMIs showing the highest CNR (optimized VMI) and conventional CT images using the paired t test. Two radiologists subjectively assessed the contrast, margin, noise, artifact, and diagnostic confidence of optimized VMIs and conventional images on a 4-point scale. RESULTS The image noise of VMIs at all energy levels tested was significantly lower than that of conventional CT images (p < 0.05). The 40-keV VMIs yielded the best CNR. Furthermore, both contrast and CNR between the tumor and WM were significantly higher in the 40 keV images than in the conventional CT images (p < 0.001); however, the contrast and CNR between tumor and GM were not significantly different (p = 0.47 and p = 0.31, respectively). The subjective scores assigned to contrast, margin, and diagnostic confidence were significantly higher for 40 keV images than for conventional CT images (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION In head CT for patients with brain tumors, compared with conventional CT images, 40 keV VMIs from DL-DECT yielded superior tumor contrast and diagnostic confidence, especially for brain tumors located in the WM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Tanoue
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Nakaura
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasunori Nagayama
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Uetani
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Ikeda
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Yamashita
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Dual-energy computed tomography in acute ischemic stroke: state-of-the-art. Eur Radiol 2020; 31:4138-4147. [PMID: 33319330 PMCID: PMC8128835 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) allows distinguishing between tissues with similar X-ray attenuation but different atomic numbers. Recent studies demonstrated that this technique has several areas of application in patients with ischemic stroke and a potential impact on patient management. After endovascular stroke therapy (EST), hyperdense areas can represent either hemorrhage or contrast staining due to blood-brain barrier disruption, which can be differentiated reliably by DECT. Further applications are improved visualization of early infarctions, compared to single-energy computed tomography, and prediction of transformation into infarction or hemorrhage in contrast-enhancing areas. In addition, DECT allows detection and evaluation of the material composition of intra-arterial clots after EST. This review summarizes the clinical state-of-the-art of DECT in patients with stroke, and features some prospects for future developments. Key points • Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) allows differentiation between tissues with similar X-ray attenuation but differentatomic numbers. • DECT has several areas of application in patients with ischemic stroke and a potential impact on patient management. • Prospects for future developments in DECT may improve treatment decision-making.
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Uricchio M, Gupta S, Jakowenko N, Levito M, Vu N, Doucette J, Liew A, Papatheodorou S, Khawaja AM, Aglio LS, Aziz-Sultan MA, Zaidi H, Smith TR, Mekary RA. Computed Tomography Angiography Versus Digital Subtraction Angiography for Postclipping Aneurysm Obliteration Detection. Stroke 2019; 50:381-388. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.023614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Uricchio
- From the School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, Boston, MA (M.U., N.J., M.L., N.V., J.D., R.A.M.)
| | - Saksham Gupta
- Computational Neurosciences Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.G., A.M.K., L.S.A., M.A.A.-S., H.Z., T.R.S., R.A.M.)
| | - Nicholas Jakowenko
- From the School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, Boston, MA (M.U., N.J., M.L., N.V., J.D., R.A.M.)
| | - Marissa Levito
- From the School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, Boston, MA (M.U., N.J., M.L., N.V., J.D., R.A.M.)
| | - Nguyen Vu
- From the School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, Boston, MA (M.U., N.J., M.L., N.V., J.D., R.A.M.)
| | - Joanne Doucette
- From the School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, Boston, MA (M.U., N.J., M.L., N.V., J.D., R.A.M.)
| | - Aaron Liew
- National University of Ireland, Galway (A.L.)
| | | | - Ayaz M. Khawaja
- Computational Neurosciences Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.G., A.M.K., L.S.A., M.A.A.-S., H.Z., T.R.S., R.A.M.)
| | - Linda S. Aglio
- Computational Neurosciences Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.G., A.M.K., L.S.A., M.A.A.-S., H.Z., T.R.S., R.A.M.)
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Management, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (L.S.A.)
| | - Mohammad Ali Aziz-Sultan
- Computational Neurosciences Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.G., A.M.K., L.S.A., M.A.A.-S., H.Z., T.R.S., R.A.M.)
| | - Hasan Zaidi
- Computational Neurosciences Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.G., A.M.K., L.S.A., M.A.A.-S., H.Z., T.R.S., R.A.M.)
| | - Timothy R. Smith
- Computational Neurosciences Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.G., A.M.K., L.S.A., M.A.A.-S., H.Z., T.R.S., R.A.M.)
| | - Rania A. Mekary
- From the School of Pharmacy, MCPHS University, Boston, MA (M.U., N.J., M.L., N.V., J.D., R.A.M.)
- Computational Neurosciences Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (S.G., A.M.K., L.S.A., M.A.A.-S., H.Z., T.R.S., R.A.M.)
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