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Karadayian AG, Czerniczyniec A, Lores-Arnaiz S. Apoptosis Due to After-effects of Acute Ethanol Exposure in Brain Cortex: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Signaling Pathways. Neuroscience 2024; 544:39-49. [PMID: 38423164 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol hangover is the combination of negative mental and physical symptoms which can be experienced after a single episode of alcohol consumption, starting when blood alcohol concentration approaches zero. We previously demonstrated that hangover provokes mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, imbalance in antioxidant defenses, and impairment in cellular bioenergetics. Chronic and acute ethanol intake induces neuroapoptosis but there are no studies which evaluated apoptosis at alcohol hangover. The aim of the present work was to study alcohol residual effects on intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways in mice brain cortex. Male Swiss mice received i.p. injection of ethanol (3.8 g/kg) or saline. Six hours after injection, at alcohol hangover onset, mitochondria and tissue lysates were obtained from brain cortex. Results indicated that during alcohol hangover a loss of granularity of mitochondria and a strong increment in mitochondrial permeability were observed, indicating the occurrence of swelling. Alcohol-treated mice showed a significant 35% increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and a 5-fold increase in the ratio level of cytochrome c between mitochondria and cytosol. Caspase 3, 8 and 9 protein expressions were 32%, 33% and 20% respectively enhanced and the activity of caspase 3 and 6 was 30% and 20% increased also due to the hangover condition. Moreover, 38% and 32% increments were found in PARP1 and p53 protein expression respectively and on the contrary, SIRT-1 was almost 50% lower than controls due to the hangover condition. The present work demonstrates that alcohol after-effects could result in the activation of mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial apoptosis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analía G Karadayian
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analia Czerniczyniec
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular Prof. Alberto Boveris (IBIMOL) Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Lombardi P, Karadayian AG, Guerra JI, Bustamante J, Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz G, Lores-Arnaiz S. Mitochondrial bioenergetics and cytometric characterization of a synaptosomal preparation from mouse brain cortex. Mitochondrion 2023; 73:95-107. [PMID: 37944836 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function at synapses can be assessed in isolated nerve terminals. Synaptosomes are structures obtained in vitro by detaching the nerve endings from neuronal bodies under controlled homogenization conditions. Several protocols have been described for the preparation of intact synaptosomal fractions. Herein a fast and economical method to obtain synaptosomes with optimal intrasynaptic mitochondria functionality was described. Synaptosomal fractions were obtained from mouse brain cortex by differential centrifugation followed by centrifugation in a Ficoll gradient. The characteristics of the subcellular particles obtained were analyzed by flow cytometry employing specific tools. Integrity and specificity of the obtained organelles were evaluated by calcein and SNAP-25 probes. The proportion of positive events of the synaptosomal preparation was 75 ± 2 % and 48 ± 7% for calcein and Synaptosomal-Associated Protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25), respectively. Mitochondrial integrity was evaluated by flow cytometric analysis of cardiolipin content, which indicated that 73 ± 1% of the total events were 10 N-nonylacridine orange (NAO)-positive. Oxygen consumption, ATP production and mitochondrial membrane potential determinations showed that mitochondria inside synaptosomes remained functional after the isolation procedure. Mitochondrial and synaptosomal enrichment were determined by measuring synaptosomes/ homogenate ratio of specific markers. Functionality of synaptosomes was verified by nitric oxide detection after glutamate addition. As compared with other methods, the present protocol can be performed briefly, does not imply high economic costs, and provides an useful tool for the isolation of a synaptosomal preparation with high mitochondrial respiratory capacity and an adequate integrity and function of intraterminal mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Lombardi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular "Profesor Alberto Boveris" (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía G Karadayian
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular "Profesor Alberto Boveris" (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan I Guerra
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular "Profesor Alberto Boveris" (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Georgina Rodríguez de Lores Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias "Profesor Eduardo De Robertis" (IBCN), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Fisicoquímica, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular "Profesor Alberto Boveris" (IBIMOL), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Huang P, Lin J, Shen H, Zhao X. PSD95 as a New Potential Therapeutic Target of Osteoarthritis: A Study of the Identification of Hub Genes through Self-Contrast Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14682. [PMID: 37834131 PMCID: PMC10572132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a worldwide joint disease. However, the precise mechanism causing OA remains unclear. Our primary aim was to identify vital biomarkers associated with the mechano-inflammatory aspect of OA, providing potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for OA. Thirty OA patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty were recruited, and cartilage samples were obtained from both the lateral tibial plateau (LTP) and medial tibial plateau (MTP). GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) assessment was conducted for hub genes. The effect of PSD95 inhibition on cartilage degeneration was also conducted and analyzed. A total of 1247 upregulated and 244 downregulated DEGs were identified. Significant differences were observed between MTP and LTP in mechanical stress-related genes and activated sensory neurons based on a self-contrast model of human knee OA. Cluster analysis identified DLG4 as the hub gene. Cyclic loading stress increased PSD95 (encoded by DLG4) expression in LTP cartilage, and PSD95 inhibitors could alleviate OA progression. This study suggests that inhibiting PSD95 could be a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing articular cartilage degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (P.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Jieming Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (P.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Hongxing Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China; (P.H.); (J.L.)
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Ding Y, Jin Y, Peng T, Gao Y, Zang Y, He H, Li F, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Chen L. Fabrication of multifunctional metal-organic frameworks nanoparticles via layer-by-layer self-assembly to efficiently discover PSD95-nNOS uncouplers for stroke treatment. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:379. [PMID: 35964123 PMCID: PMC9375364 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Disruption of the postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD95)—neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) coupling is an effective way to treat ischemic stroke, however, it still faces some challenges, especially lack of satisfactory PSD95-nNOS uncouplers and the efficient high throughput screening model to discover them. Results Herein, the multifunctional metal–organic framework (MMOF) nanoparticles as a new screening system were innovatively fabricated via layer-by-layer self-assembly in which His-tagged nNOS was selectively immobilized on the surface of magnetic MOF, and then PSD95 with green fluorescent protein (GFP-PSD95) was specifically bound on it. It was found that MMOF nanoparticles not only exhibited the superior performances including the high loading efficiency, reusability, and anti-interference ability, but also possessed the good fluorescent sensitivity to detect the coupled GFP-PSD95. After MMOF nanoparticles interacted with the uncouplers, they would be rapidly separated from uncoupled GFP-PSD95 by magnet, and the fluorescent intensities could be determined to assay the uncoupling efficiency at high throughput level. Conclusions In conclusion, MMOF nanoparticles were successfully fabricated and applied to screen the natural actives as potential PSD95-nNOS uncouplers. Taken together, our newly developed method provided a new material as a platform for efficiently discovering PSD95-nNOS uncouplers for stoke treatment. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-022-01583-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankun Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zang
- College of Economics and Management, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongliang He
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lina Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, People's Republic of China.
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Changes in synaptic proteins of the complex PSD-95/NMDA receptor/nNOS and mitochondrial dysfunction after levocabastine treatment. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105100. [PMID: 34139299 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide generation is related to the activity of certain proteins located at synaptic sites. Previous findings show that NOS activity, nNOS protein expression, respiratory parameters and mitochondrial complex activities are altered in rat cerebral cortex by administration of levocabastine, an antagonist of histamine H1 and neurotensin NTS2 receptors. ATP provision by mitochondria may play an important role in the functional interaction between synaptic proteins NMDA receptor and PSD-95 with NO synthesis. In this context, our purpose was to evaluate the effect of levocabastine administration on protein expression of PSD-95, GluN2B and iNOS, as well as on mitochondrial ATP production. Male Wistar rats received a single (i.p.) dose of levocabastine (50 μg/kg) or saline solution (controls) and were decapitated 18 h later. Mitochondrial and synaptosomal membrane fractions were isolated from cerebral cortex by differential and sucrose gradient centrifugation. Expression of synaptic proteins was evaluated by Western blot assays in synaptosomal membrane fractions. Oxygen consumption, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production rate were determined in fresh crude mitochondrial fractions. After levocabastine treatment, protein expression of PSD-95, GluN2B and β-actin decreased 97, 45 and 55%, respectively, whereas that of iNOS enhanced 3.5-fold versus controls. In crude mitochondrial fractions levocabastine administration reduced roughly 15% respiratory control rate as assayed with malate-glutamate or succinate as substrates, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (21%), and ATP production rates (57%). Results suggested that levocabastine administration induces alterations in synaptic proteins of the protein complex PSD-95/NMDA receptor/nNOS and in neuron cytoskeleton. Mitochondrial bioenergetics impairment may play a role in the functional link between synaptic proteins and NO synthesis.
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