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Zhao Z, Yuan Y, Li S, Wang X, Yang X. Natural compounds from herbs and nutraceuticals as glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease treatment. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14885. [PMID: 39129397 PMCID: PMC11317746 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis is complex. The pathophysiology is not fully understood, and safe and effective treatments are needed. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) mediates AD progression through several signaling pathways. Recently, several studies have found that various natural compounds from herbs and nutraceuticals can significantly improve AD symptoms. AIMS This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the potential neuroprotective impacts of natural compounds as inhibitors of GSK-3β in the treatment of AD. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search on PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, focusing on in vitro and in vivo studies that investigated natural compounds as inhibitors of GSK-3β in the treatment of AD. RESULTS The mechanism may be related to GSK-3β activation inhibition to regulate amyloid beta production, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, cell apoptosis, and cellular inflammation. By reviewing recent studies on GSK-3β inhibition in phytochemicals and AD intervention, flavonoids including oxyphylla A, quercetin, morin, icariin, linarin, genipin, and isoorientin were reported as potent GSK-3β inhibitors for AD treatment. Polyphenols such as schisandrin B, magnolol, and dieckol have inhibitory effects on GSK-3β in AD models, including in vivo models. Sulforaphene, ginsenoside Rd, gypenoside XVII, falcarindiol, epibrassinolides, 1,8-Cineole, and andrographolide are promising GSK-3β inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Natural compounds from herbs and nutraceuticals are potential candidates for AD treatment. They may qualify as derivatives for development as promising compounds that provide enhanced pharmacological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhao
- Department of Emergency MedicineShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of NeurosurgeryShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Emergency MedicineShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Emergency MedicineShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of NeurologyShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina
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2
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Lai S, Wang P, Gong J, Zhang S. New insights into the role of GSK-3β in the brain: from neurodegenerative disease to tumorigenesis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16635. [PMID: 38107562 PMCID: PMC10722984 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine kinase widely expressed in various tissues and organs. Unlike other kinases, GSK-3 is active under resting conditions and is inactivated upon stimulation. In mammals, GSK-3 includes GSK-3 α and GSK-3β isoforms encoded by two homologous genes, namely, GSK3A and GSK3B. GSK-3β is essential for the control of glucose metabolism, signal transduction, and tissue homeostasis. As more than 100 known proteins have been identified as GSK-3β substrates, it is sometimes referred to as a moonlighting kinase. Previous studies have elucidated the regulation modes of GSK-3β. GSK-3β is involved in almost all aspects of brain functions, such as neuronal morphology, synapse formation, neuroinflammation, and neurological disorders. Recently, several comparatively specific small molecules have facilitated the chemical manipulation of this enzyme within cellular systems, leading to the discovery of novel inhibitors for GSK-3β. Despite these advancements, the therapeutic significance of GSK-3β as a drug target is still complicated by uncertainties surrounding the potential of inhibitors to stimulate tumorigenesis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate mechanisms of this enzyme and evaluates the existing evidence regarding the therapeutic potential of GSK-3β in brain diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, mood disorders, and glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenjin Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingru Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Nachtigall EG, D R de Freitas J, de C Myskiw J, R G Furini C. Role of hippocampal Wnt signaling pathways on contextual fear memory reconsolidation. Neuroscience 2023:S0306-4522(23)00248-8. [PMID: 37286160 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Memories already consolidated when reactivated return to a labile state and can be modified, this process is known as reconsolidation. It is known the Wnt signaling pathways can modulate hippocampal synaptic plasticity as well as learning and memory. Yet, Wnt signaling pathways interact with NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors. However, whether canonical Wnt/β-catenin and non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathways are required in the CA1 region of hippocampus for contextual fear memory reconsolidation remains unclear. So, here we verified that the inhibition of canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway with DKK1 (Dickkopf-1) into CA1 impaired the reconsolidation of contextual fear conditioning (CFC) memory when administered immediately and 2h after reactivation session but not 6h later, while the inhibition of non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathway with SFRP1 (Secreted frizzled-related protein-1) into CA1 immediately after reactivation session had no effect. Moreover, the impairment induced by DKK1 was blocked by the administration of the agonist of the NMDA receptors glycine site, D-Serine, immediately and 2h after reactivation session. We found that hippocampal canonical Wnt/β-catenin is necessary to the reconsolidation of CFC memory at least two hours after reactivation, while non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathway is not involved in this process and, that there is a link between Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and NMDA receptors. In view of this, this study provides new evidence regarding the neural mechanisms underlying contextual fear memory reconsolidation and contributes to provide a new possible target for the treatment of fear related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda G Nachtigall
- Laboratory of Cognition and Memory Neurobiology, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690 - Bldg. 63, 3(rd) floor, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Júlia D R de Freitas
- Laboratory of Cognition and Memory Neurobiology, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690 - Bldg. 63, 3(rd) floor, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jociane de C Myskiw
- Psychobiology and Neurocomputation Laboratory (LPBNC), Department of Biophysics, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Bldg. 43422, room 208A, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane R G Furini
- Laboratory of Cognition and Memory Neurobiology, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6690 - Bldg. 63, 3(rd) floor, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681 - Bldg. 40, 8(th) floor, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Yan P, Liu J, Ma H, Feng Y, Cui J, Bai Y, Huang X, Zhu Y, Wei S, Lai J. Effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity inhibition on cognitive, behavioral, and hippocampal ultrastructural deficits in adulthood associated with adolescent methamphetamine exposure. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1129553. [PMID: 36949769 PMCID: PMC10025487 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1129553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) has been implicated in the maintenance of synaptic plasticity, memory process, and psychostimulant-induced behavioral effects. Hyperactive GSK3β in the Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) subregion of the dorsal hippocampus (DHP) was associated with adolescent methamphetamine (METH) exposure-induced behavioral and cognitive deficits in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate the possible therapeutic effects of GSK3β inhibition in adulthood on adolescent METH exposure-induced long-term neurobiological deficits. Methods Adolescent male mice were treated with METH from postnatal day (PND) 45-51. In adulthood, three intervention protocols (acute lithium chloride systemic administration, chronic lithium chloride systemic administration, and chronic SB216763 administration within CA1) were used for GSK3β activity inhibition. The effect of GSK3β intervention on cognition, behavior, and GSK3β activity and synaptic ultrastructure in the DHP CA1 subregion were detected in adulthood. Results In adulthood, all three interventions reduced adolescent METH exposure-induced hyperactivity (PND97), while only chronic systemic and chronic within CA1 administration ameliorated the induced impairments in spatial (PND99), social (PND101) and object (PND103) recognition memory. In addition, although three interventions reversed the aberrant GSK3β activity in the DHP CA1 subregion (PND104), only chronic systemic and chronic within CA1 administration rescued adolescent METH exposure-induced synaptic ultrastructure changes in the DHP CA1 subregion (PND104) in adulthood. Conclusion Rescuing synaptic ultrastructural abnormalities in the dHIP CA1 subregion by chronic administration of a GSK3β inhibitor may be a suitable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of behavioral and cognitive deficits in adulthood associated with adolescent METH abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jincen Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haotian Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yue Feng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Forensic Identification Institute, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Yuying Bai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shuguang Wei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Shuguang Wei,
| | - Jianghua Lai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, School of Forensic Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Jianghua Lai,
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Xie Y, Zhang Y, Hu T, Zhao Z, Liu Q, Li H. Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Activity in the Basolateral Amygdala Disrupts Reconsolidation and Attenuates Heroin Relapse. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:932939. [PMID: 35832395 PMCID: PMC9271698 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.932939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to a heroin-associated conditioned stimulus can reactivate drug reward memory, trigger drug cravings, and induce relapse in heroin addicts. The amygdala, a brain region related to emotions and motivation, is involved in processing rewarding stimulus. Recent evidence demonstrated that disrupting the reconsolidation of the heroin drug memories attenuated heroin seeking which was associated with the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Meanwhile, neural functions associated with learning and memory, like synaptic plasticity, are regulated by glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β). In addition, GSK-3β regulated memory processes, like retrieval and reconsolidation of cocaine-induced memory. Here, we used a heroin intravenous self-administration (SA) paradigm to illustrate the potential role of GSK-3β in the reconsolidation of drug memory. Therefore, we used SB216763 as a selective inhibitor of GSK-3β. We found that injecting the selective inhibitor SB216763 into the BLA, but not the central amygdala (CeA), immediately after heroin-induced memory retrieval disrupted reconsolidation of heroin drug memory and significantly attenuated heroin-seeking behavior in subsequent drug-primed reinstatement, suggesting that GSK-3β is critical for reconsolidation of heroin drug memories and inhibiting the activity of GSK-3β in BLA disrupted heroin drug memory and reduced relapse. However, no retrieval or 6 h after retrieval, administration of SB216763 into the BLA did not alter heroin-seeking behavior in subsequent heroin-primed reinstatement, suggesting that GSK-3β activity is retrieval-dependent and time-specific. More importantly, a long-term effect of SB216763 treatment was observed in a detectable decrease in heroin-seeking behavior, which lasted at least 28 days. All in all, this present study demonstrates that the activity of GSK-3β in BLA is required for reconsolidation of heroin drug memory, and inhibiting GSK-3β activity of BLA disrupts reconsolidation and attenuates heroin relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyang Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yingfan Zhang
- Teaching and Research Section of Clinical Nursing, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Zijin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neurooncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Haoyu Li,
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6
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Ashourpour F, Jafari A, Babaei P. Co-treatment of AMPA endocytosis inhibitor and GluN2B antagonist facilitate consolidation and retrieval of memory impaired by β amyloid peptide. Int J Neurosci 2020; 132:714-723. [PMID: 33115292 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1837800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutamate neurotransmission stands as an important issue to minimize memory impairment. We investigated the effects of an inhibitor of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isozazole propionic acid receptors (AMPA) endocytosis and GluN2B subunit of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDA), either isolated or combined, on memory impairments induced by Amyloid beta1-42 (Aβ). METHODS Eighty male Wistar rats were used for two experiments of consolidation and retrieval of memory. Memory impairment was induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of Aβ1-42 (2 μg/μl), and evaluated using Morris Water Maze (MWM). Each experiment consisted of 5 groups: Saline + Saline, Aβ + Saline, Aβ + Ifenprodil (Ifen, 3 nmol/ICV), Aβ +Tat-GluR23Y (3 µmol/kg/IP), and Aβ1 +Ifen + Tat-GluR23Y. Then, hippocampal cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) was measured by western blotting. Data were analyzed by Analysis of variance (ANOVA) repeated measure, and one-way Anova followed by Tukey's post hoc test. RESULTS During retrieval, Aβ+ Tat-GluR23Y showed significant improvement in total time spent (TTS) in the target quadrant (p = 0.009), escape latency to a platform (p = 0.008) and hippocampal level of CREB (p = 0.006) compared with Aβ + saline. Also, coadministration of Tat-GluR23Yand Ifen similar to Tat-GluR23Y alone caused significant improvement in TTS (p = 0.014) and latency to platform (p = 0.013). During consolidation, shorter escape latency (p = 0.001), longer TTS (p = 0.002) and higher level of hippocampal CREB were observed in the Aβ + Tat-GluR23Y (p = 0.001) and Aβ+ Tat-GluR23Y + Ifen (p = 0.017), respectively. CONCLUSION The present study provides pieces of evidence that inhibition of AMPARs endocytosis using Tat-GluR23Y facilitates memory consolidation and retrieval in Aβ induced memory impairment via the CREB signaling pathway.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ashourpour
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Adele Jafari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Parvin Babaei
- Cellular & Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Liu G, Yin F, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Li X, Ling Y. Effects of regulating miR-132 mediated GSK-3β on learning and memory function in mice. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:1191-1197. [PMID: 32742357 PMCID: PMC7388370 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aimf of this study was to explore effects of miR-132 and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) on learning and memory in mice. miR-132 inhibitor GSK-3β overexpression agent (sh-GSK-3β) and normal saline (negative control group) were injected into the hippocampus of adult mice, and healthy adult mice were taken as the unrelated control group. The expression of miR-132 and GSK-3β in the hippocampus of adult and elderly mice was detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot analysis. Morris water maze test was employed to detect learning and memory function in mice. The dual luciferase reporter was adopted to determine the relationship between miR-132 and GSK-3β. Compared with the adult group, the expression of miR-132 was significantly downregulated in the hippocampus in the elderly group, while the expression of GSK-3β was upregulated. Injecting miR-132 inhibitor into the hippocampus of adult mice led to a significant increase in escape latency and a significant decrease in the number of times of crossing platforms. The injection of GSK-3β overexpression agent into the hippocampus of adult mice resulted in a marked increase in escape latency and a significant decrease in the number of times of crossing platforms in the water maze test. It was also found that downregulation of GSK-3β reversed the decline in learning and memory in mice caused by downregulation of miR-132 expression. The dual luciferase report identified a targeted regulatory relationship between miR-132 and GSK-3β. Overexpression of miR-132 can inhibit the expression of GSK-3β in mouse learning and memory ability, which provides some inspiration for understanding the occurrence of learning and memory disorders and future treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, P.R. China
| | - Fengwei Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, P.R. China
| | - Congli Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, P.R. China
| | - Yunzhi Ling
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233003, P.R. China
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Barr JL, Unterwald EM. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 signaling in cellular and behavioral responses to psychostimulant drugs. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118746. [PMID: 32454064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine kinase implicated in numerous physiological processes and cellular functions through its ability to regulate the function of many proteins, including transcription factors and structural proteins. GSK-3β has been demonstrated to function as a regulator of multiple behavioral processes induced by drugs of abuse, particularly psychostimulant drugs. In this review, we provide an overview of the regulation of GSK-3β activity produced by psychostimulants, and the role of GSK-3β signaling in psychostimulant-induced behaviors including drug reward, associative learning and memory which play a role in the maintenance of drug-seeking. Evidence supports the conclusion that GSK-3β is an important component of the actions of psychostimulant drugs and that GSK-3β is a valid target for developing novel therapeutics. Additional studies are required to examine the role of GSK-3β in distinct cell types within the mesolimbic and memory circuits to further elucidate the mechanisms related to the acquisition, consolidation, and recall of drug-related memories, and potentially countering neuroadaptations that reinforce drug-seeking behaviors that maintain drug dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Barr
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ellen M Unterwald
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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Du Y, Gong XD, Fang X, Xing F, Xia TJ, Gu XP. Sevoflurane plays a reduced role in cognitive impairment compared with isoflurane: limited effect on fear memory retention. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:96-102. [PMID: 31535657 PMCID: PMC6862400 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.264468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoflurane and sevoflurane are both inhalation anesthetics, but in clinical application, sevoflurane has been considered to be less suitable for long-term anesthesia because of its catabolic compounds and potential nephrotoxicity. Nevertheless, recent studies have shown that these two inhalation anesthetics are similar in hepatorenal toxicity, cost, and long-term anesthetic effect. Moreover, sevoflurane possibly has less cognitive impact on young mice. In this study, C57BL/6 mice aged 8–10 weeks were exposed to 1.2% isoflurane or 2.4% sevoflurane for 6 hours. Cognitive function and memory were examined in young mice using the novel object recognition, contextual fear conditioning, and cued-fear extinction tests. Western blot assay was performed to detect expression levels of D1 dopamine receptor, catechol-O-methyltransferase, phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3β, and total glycogen synthase kinase-3β in the hippocampus. Our results show that impaired performance was not detected in mice exposed to sevoflurane during the novel object recognition test. Contextual memory impairment in the fear conditioning test was shorter in the sevoflurane group than the isoflurane group. Long-term sevoflurane exposure did not affect memory consolidation, while isoflurane led to memory consolidation and reduced retention. Downregulation of hippocampal D1 dopamine receptors and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β/total glycogen synthase kinase-3β and upregulation of catechol-O-methyltransferase may be associated with differing memory performance after exposure to isoflurane or sevoflurane. These results confirm that sevoflurane has less effect on cognitive impairment than isoflurane, which may be related to expression of D1 dopamine receptors and catechol-O-methyltransferase and phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β in the hippocampus. This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, Nanjing University, China on November 20, 2017 (approval No. 20171102).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical Department of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiang-Dan Gong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical Department of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical Department of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical Department of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tian-Jiao Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical Department of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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Barr JL, Shi X, Zaykaner M, Unterwald EM. Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β in the Ventral Hippocampus is Important for Cocaine Reward and Object Location Memory. Neuroscience 2019; 425:101-111. [PMID: 31783102 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The ventral hippocampus is a component of the neural circuitry involved with context-associated memory for reward and generation of appropriate behavioral responses to context. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) has been linked to the maintenance of synaptic plasticity, contextual memory retrieval, and is involved in the reconsolidation of cocaine-associated contextual memory. In this study, the effects of targeted downregulation of GSK3β in the ventral hippocampus were examined on a series of behavioral tests for assessing drug reward-context association and non-reward related memory. The Cre/loxP site-specific recombination system was used to knockdown GSK3β through bilateral stereotaxic delivery of an adeno-associated virus expressing Cre-recombinase (AAV-Cre) into the ventral hippocampus of adult mice homozygous for a floxed GSK3β allele. GSK3β floxed mice injected with AAV-Cre had a loss of 56-75% of GSK3β in the ventral hippocampus and displayed diminished development of cocaine conditioned place preference, but not morphine place preference as compared with wild-type mice injected with AAV-Cre or GSK3β floxed mice injected with a control virus, AAV-GFP. Impaired object location memory was observed in mice with GSK3β downregulation in the ventral hippocampus, but novel object recognition remained intact. These results indicate that GSK3β signaling in the ventral hippocampus is differentially involved in the formation of place-drug reward association dependent upon drug class. Additionally, ventral hippocampal GSK3β signaling is important in detection of discrete spatial cues, but not recognition memory for objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Barr
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | - Xiangdang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Michael Zaykaner
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ellen M Unterwald
- Department of Pharmacology and the Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Wang X, Li M, Zhu H, Yu Y, Xu Y, Zhang W, Bian C. Transcriptional Regulation Involved in Fear Memory Reconsolidation. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 65:127-140. [PMID: 29796837 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Memory reconsolidation has been demonstrated to offer a potential target period during which the fear memories underlying fear disorders can be disrupted. Reconsolidation is a labile stage that consolidated memories re-enter after memories are reactivated. Reactivated memories, induced by cues related to traumatic events, are susceptible to strengthening and weakening. Gene transcription regulation and protein synthesis have been suggested to be required for fear memory reconsolidation. Investigating the transcriptional regulation mechanisms underlying reconsolidation may provide a therapeutic method for the treatment of fear disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the therapeutic effect of treating a fear disorder through interfering with reconsolidation is still contradictory. In this review, we summarize several transcription factors that have been linked to fear memory reconsolidation and propose that transcription factors, as well as related signaling pathways can serve as targets for fear memory interventions. Then, we discuss the application of pharmacological and behavioral interventions during reconsolidation that may or not efficiently treat fear disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Military Psychology, College of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Forth Battalion of Cadet Brigade, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Military Psychology, College of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Medical Company, Troops 95848 of People's Liberation Army, Xiaogan, 432100, China
| | - Yongju Yu
- Department of Military Psychology, College of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Military Psychology, College of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wenmo Zhang
- Department of Fundamental, Army Logistical University of PLA, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Chen Bian
- Department of Military Psychology, College of Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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12
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Wang Y, Yin S, Xue H, Yang Y, Zhang N, Zhao P. Mid-gestational sevoflurane exposure inhibits fetal neural stem cell proliferation and impairs postnatal learning and memory function in a dose-dependent manner. Dev Biol 2018; 435:185-197. [PMID: 29410165 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Advancements in fetal intervention procedures have led to increases in the number of pregnant women undergoing general anesthesia during the second trimester-a period characterized by extensive proliferation of fetal neural stem cells (NSCs). However, few studies have investigated the effects of mid-gestational sevoflurane exposure on fetal NSC proliferation or postnatal learning and memory function. In the present study, pregnant rats were randomly assigned to a control group (C group), a low sevoflurane concentration group (2%; L group), a high sevoflurane concentration group (3.5%; H group), a high sevoflurane concentration plus lithium chloride group (H + Li group), and a lithium chloride group (Li group) at gestational day 14. Rats received different concentrations of sevoflurane anesthesia for 2 h. The offspring rats were weaned at 28 days for behavioral testing (i.e., Morris Water Maze [MWM]), and fetal brains or postnatal hippocampal tissues were harvested for immunofluorescence staining, real-time PCR, and Western blotting analyses in order to determine the effect of sevoflurane exposure on NSC proliferation and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Our results indicated that maternal exposure to 3.5% sevoflurane (H group) during the mid-gestational period impaired the performance of offspring rats in the MWM test, reduced NSC proliferation, and increased protein levels of fetal glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β). Such treatment also decreased levels of β-catenin protein, CD44 RNA, and Cyclin D1 RNA relative to those observed in the C group. However, these effects were transiently attenuated by treatment with lithium chloride. Conversely, maternal exposure to 2% sevoflurane (L group) did not influence NSC proliferation or the Wnt signaling pathway. Our results suggest that sevoflurane exposure during the second trimester inhibits fetal NSC proliferation via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and impairs postnatal learning and memory function in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Shaowei Yin
- Department of Obstetrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Hang Xue
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yating Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Neuroendocrine Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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13
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Fluoxetine Inhibits Natural Decay of Long-Term Memory via Akt/GSK-3β Signaling. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7453-7462. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0919-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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14
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Nikitin VP, Solntseva SV, Kozyrev SA. Involvement of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 in the Mechanisms of Conditioned Food Aversion Memory Reconsolidation. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 162:413-417. [PMID: 28239792 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3628-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Experiments were performed on the snails trained in conditioned food aversion for 3 days. Injection of TDZD-8 (glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor, 2 mg/kg) in combination with reminder (presentation of a conditioned food stimulus) led to memory impairment developing 3 days after inhibitor/reminder exposure and followed by spontaneous recovery in 10 days. Injections of TDZD-8 in a dose of 4 or 20 mg/kg before reminder were shown to cause amnesia that persisted for more than 10 days. Memory recovery during repeated training was observed at the earlier period than after initial training. The impairment of memory reconsolidation by TDZD-8 after training of snails for 1 day was less pronounced than under standard training conditions (3 days). The effect of a glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibitor during memory reconsolidation is probably followed by impairment of memory retrieval and/or partial loss, which can be compensated spontaneously or after repeated training.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Nikitin
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - S V Solntseva
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - S A Kozyrev
- P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Liu H, Wang T, Dai W, Jiang Z, Li YH, Liu XS. Subhypnotic doses of propofol impair spatial memory retrieval in rats. Neural Regen Res 2017; 11:1956-1961. [PMID: 28197192 PMCID: PMC5270434 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.197137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abundant evidence indicates that propofol profoundly affects memory processes, although its specific effects on memory retrieval have not been clarified. A recent study has indicated that hippocampal glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) activity affects memory. Constitutively active GSK-3β is required for memory retrieval, and propofol has been shown to inhibit GSK-3β. Thus, the present study examined whether propofol affects memory retrieval, and, if so, whether that effect is mediated through altered GSK-3β activity. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were trained on a Morris water maze task (eight acquisition trials in one session) and subjected under the influence of a subhypnotic dose of propofol to a 24-hour probe trial memory retrieval test. The results showed that rats receiving pretest propofol (25 mg/kg) spent significantly less time in the target quadrant but showed no change in locomotor activity compared with those in the control group. Memory retrieval was accompanied by reduced phosphorylation of the serine-9 residue of GSK-3β in the hippocampus, whereas phosphorylation of the tyrosine-216 residue was unaffected. However, propofol blocked this retrieval-associated serine-9 phosphorylation. These findings suggest that subhypnotic propofol administration impairs memory retrieval and that the amnestic effects of propofol may be mediated by attenuated GSK-3β signaling in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ting Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei Dai
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuan-Hai Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xue-Sheng Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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Isoflurane Is More Deleterious to Developing Brain Than Desflurane: The Role of the Akt/GSK3β Signaling Pathway. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:7919640. [PMID: 27057548 PMCID: PMC4753322 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7919640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Demand is increasing for safer inhalational anesthetics for use in pediatric anesthesia. In this regard, researchers have debated whether isoflurane is more toxic to the developing brain than desflurane. In the present study, we compared the effects of postnatal exposure to isoflurane with those of desflurane on long-term cognitive performance and investigated the role of the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. Postnatal day 6 (P6) mice were exposed to either isoflurane or desflurane, after which the phosphorylation levels of Akt/GSK3β and learning and memory were assessed at P8 or P31. The phosphorylation levels of Akt/GSK3β and learning and memory were examined after intervention with lithium. We found that isoflurane, but not desflurane, impaired spatial learning and memory at P31. Accompanied by behavioral change, only isoflurane decreased p-Akt (ser473) and p-GSK3β (ser9) expressions, which led to GSK3β overactivation. Lithium prevented GSK3β overactivation and alleviated isoflurane-induced cognitive deficits. These results suggest that isoflurane is more likely to induce developmental neurotoxicity than desflurane in context of multiple exposures and that the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway partly participates in this process. GSK3β inhibition might be an effective way to protect against developmental neurotoxicity.
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17
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Thomas SA. Neuromodulatory signaling in hippocampus-dependent memory retrieval. Hippocampus 2015; 25:415-31. [PMID: 25475876 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Considerable advances have been made toward understanding the molecular signaling events that underlie memory acquisition and consolidation. In contrast, less is known about memory retrieval, despite its necessity for utilizing learned information. This review focuses on neuromodulatory and intracellular signaling events that underlie memory retrieval mediated by the hippocampus, for which the most information is currently available. Among neuromodulators, adrenergic signaling is required for the retrieval of various types of hippocampus-dependent memory. Although they contribute to acquisition and/or consolidation, cholinergic and dopaminergic signaling are generally not required for retrieval. Interestingly, while not required for retrieval, serotonergic and opioid signaling may actually constrain memory retrieval. Roles for histamine and non-opioid neuropeptides are currently unclear but possible. A critical effector of adrenergic signaling in retrieval is reduction of the slow afterhyperpolarization mediated by β1 receptors, cyclic AMP, protein kinase A, Epac, and possibly ERK. In contrast, stress and glucocorticoids impair retrieval by decreasing cyclic AMP, mediated in part by the activation of β2 -adrenergic receptors. Clinically, alterations in neuromodulatory signaling and in memory retrieval occur in Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder, and recent evidence has begun to link changes in neuromodulatory signaling with effects on memory retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Thomas
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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18
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Storozheva ZI, Gruden MA, Proshin AT, Sewell RDE. Learning ability is a key outcome determinant of GSK-3 inhibition on visuospatial memory in rats. J Psychopharmacol 2015; 29:822-35. [PMID: 25735991 DOI: 10.1177/0269881115573805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Learning aptitude has never been a focus of visuospatial performance studies, particularly on memory consolidation and reconsolidation. The aim of this study was to determine the consequences of learning ability on memory consolidation/reconsolidation following inhibition of glucose synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) by 4-benzyl-2-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione (TDZD-8). The anxiety-like nature of rats was characterized in the elevated plus maze. The rats were then trained for four days in the Morris water maze (MWM) and classified as 'superior', 'intermediate' or 'inferior' learners. There were no major differences between superior, intermediate or inferior learners with respect to anxiety which might have influenced learning. After training (day-5), TDZD-8 (2.0 mg/kg) was administered and half of the cohort were exposed to a MWM retrieval trial. Ten days later, animals were subjected to repeated MWM learning. TDZD-8 without a retrieval trial impaired subsequent reconsolidation in inferior learners, but enhanced it in superior learners. There was no modification of performance in intermediate learners. In TDZD-8-treated subjects exposed to retrieval, the pattern of outcomes was identical whereby impairment of reconsolidation occurred in inferior learners, enhancement occurred in superior learners but there was no modification of performance in intermediate learners. Thus, learning ability was a key determinant of the qualitative outcome from GSK-3 inhibition on visuospatial memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinaida I Storozheva
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina A Gruden
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey T Proshin
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, P. K. Anokhin Research Institute of Normal Physiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Robert D E Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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19
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Couroussé T, Bacq A, Belzung C, Guiard B, Balasse L, Louis F, Le Guisquet AM, Gardier AM, Schinkel AH, Giros B, Gautron S. Brain organic cation transporter 2 controls response and vulnerability to stress and GSK3β signaling. Mol Psychiatry 2015; 20:889-900. [PMID: 25092247 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between genetic and environmental factors, like exposure to stress, have an important role in the pathogenesis of mood-related psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder. The polyspecific organic cation transporters (OCTs) were shown previously to be sensitive to the stress hormone corticosterone in vitro, suggesting that these transporters might have a physiologic role in the response to stress. Here, we report that OCT2 is expressed in several stress-related circuits in the brain and along the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. Genetic deletion of OCT2 in mice enhanced hormonal response to acute stress and impaired HPA function without altering adrenal sensitivity to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). As a consequence, OCT2(-/-) mice were potently more sensitive to the action of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) on depression-related behaviors involving self-care, spatial memory, social interaction and stress-sensitive spontaneous behavior. The functional state of the glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) signaling pathway, highly responsive to acute stress, was altered in the hippocampus of OCT2(-/-) mice. In vivo pharmacology and western blot experiments argue for increased serotonin tonus as a main mechanism for impaired GSK3β signaling in OCT2(-/-) mice brain during acute response to stress. Our findings identify OCT2 as an important determinant of the response to stress in the brain, suggesting that in humans OCT2 mutations or blockade by certain therapeutic drugs could interfere with HPA axis function and enhance vulnerability to repeated adverse events leading to stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Couroussé
- 1] INSERM U1130, Paris, France [2] CNRS UMR 8246, Paris, France [3] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France [4] Université Paris Descartes, Ecole Doctorale Médicament Toxicologie Chimie Environnement, Paris, France
| | - A Bacq
- 1] INSERM U1130, Paris, France [2] CNRS UMR 8246, Paris, France [3] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | | | - B Guiard
- Laboratoire de Neuropharmacologie EA3544, Université Paris-Sud XI, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - L Balasse
- 1] INSERM U1130, Paris, France [2] CNRS UMR 8246, Paris, France [3] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - F Louis
- 1] INSERM U1130, Paris, France [2] CNRS UMR 8246, Paris, France [3] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | | | - A M Gardier
- Laboratoire de Neuropharmacologie EA3544, Université Paris-Sud XI, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - A H Schinkel
- Division of Molecular Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B Giros
- 1] INSERM U1130, Paris, France [2] CNRS UMR 8246, Paris, France [3] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France [4] Douglas Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S Gautron
- 1] INSERM U1130, Paris, France [2] CNRS UMR 8246, Paris, France [3] Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
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Venna VR, Benashski SE, Chauhan A, McCullough LD. Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β enhances cognitive recovery after stroke: the role of TAK1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:336-43. [PMID: 26077686 PMCID: PMC4478333 DOI: 10.1101/lm.038083.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Memory deficits are common among stroke survivors. Identifying neuroprotective agents that can prevent memory impairment or improve memory recovery is a vital area of research. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is involved in several essential intracellular signaling pathways. Unlike many other kinases, GSK-3β is active only when dephosphorylated and activation promotes inflammation and apoptosis. In contrast, increased phosphorylation leads to reduced GSK-3β (pGSK-3β) activity. GSK-3β inhibition has beneficial effects on memory in other disease models. GSK-3β regulates both the 5'AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase (TAK1) pathways. In this work, we examined the effect of GSK-3β inhibition, both independently, in conjunction with a TAK inhibitor, and in AMPK-α2 deficient mice, after stroke to investigate mechanistic interactions between these pathways. GSK-3β inhibition was neuroprotective and ameliorated stroke-induced cognitive impairments. This was independent of AMPK signaling as the protective effects of GSK-3β inhibition were seen in AMPK deficient mice. However, GSK-3β inhibition provided no additive protection in mice treated with a TAK inhibitor suggesting that TAK1 is an upstream regulator of GSK-3β. Targeting GSK-3β could be a novel therapeutic strategy for post-stroke cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Reddy Venna
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
| | - Sharon E Benashski
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
| | - Louise D McCullough
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA MC-1840, Department of Neurology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA The Stroke Center at Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut 06102, USA
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Zhang X, Li X, Li M, Ren J, Yun K, An Y, Lin L, Zhang H. Venlafaxine increases cell proliferation and regulates DISC1, PDE4B and NMDA receptor 2B expression in the hippocampus in chronic mild stress mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 755:58-65. [PMID: 25769842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence has identified disrupted in schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) as an important genetic risk factor for the development of many psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorders. In addition, studies using animal models have demonstrated that chronic stress affects hippocampal structure and function. However, the functional effects of chronic stress on DISC1 remain unknown. Using a chronic mild stress (CMS) paradigm, we investigated the effects of CMS on depressive-like behaviors, hippocampal cell proliferation, and hippocampal protein expression of DISC1, phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 2B subunit (NMDA receptor 2B), which may be involved in the regulation of DISC1 and neurogenesis. We also examined the effects and possible mechanisms of the antidepressant venlafaxine in CMS mice. CMS increased the expression of DISC1 and PDE4B. Chronic treatment with venlafaxine blocked the increases in these proteins, and also reversed the CMS-induced decrease in neurogenesis and NMDA receptor 2B protein in the hippocampus. These results suggest that DISC1 may play an important role in the etiology of depression and in the action of antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiaobai Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
| | - Min Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Jintao Ren
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ke Yun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yan An
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lei Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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22
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Xu Y, Cao W, Zhou M, Li C, Luo Y, Wang H, Zhao R, Jiang S, Yang J, Liu Y, Wang X, Li X, Xiong W, Ma J, Peng S, Zeng Z, Li X, Tan M, Li G. Inactivation of BRD7 results in impaired cognitive behavior and reduced synaptic plasticity of the medial prefrontal cortex. Behav Brain Res 2015; 286:1-10. [PMID: 25721744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BRD7 is a bromodomain-containing protein (BCP), and recent evidence implicates the role of BCPs in the initiation and development of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, few studies have investigated the biological functions of BRD7 in the central nervous system. In our study, BRD7 was found to be widely expressed in various regions of the mouse brain, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), caudate putamen (CPu), hippocampus (Hip), midbrain (Mb), cerebellum (Cb), and mainly co-localized with neuron but not with glia. Using a BRD7 knockout mouse model and a battery of behavioral tests, we report that disruption of BRD7 results in impaired cognitive behavior leaving the emotional behavior unaffected. Moreover, a series of proteins involved in synaptic plasticity were decreased in the medial prefrontal cortex and there was a concomitant decrease in neuronal spine density and dendritic branching in the medial prefrontal cortex. However, no significant difference was found in the hippocampus compared to the wild-type mice. Thus, BRD7 might play a critical role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and affect cognitive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyu Cao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changqi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 172, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Luo
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Heran Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihe Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukun Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinye Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiayu Li
- The Third Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Tongzipo Road 237, Changsha, Hunan Province 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ma
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuping Peng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Tan
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Xiangya Road 110 Changsha, Hunan Province 410078, People's Republic of China.
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Huang X, Huang K, Zheng W, Beveridge TJR, Yang S, Li X, Li P, Zhou W, Liu Y. The effects of GSK-3β blockade on ketamine self-administration and relapse to drug-seeking behavior in rats. Drug Alcohol Depend 2015; 147:257-65. [PMID: 25497591 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The role of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) has recently been implicated in the neurochemical mechanism underlying ketamine-induced neuronal toxicity and behavioral disturbance. OBJECTIVES The primary goal of the present study was to determine the role of GSK-3β in ketamine self-administration (SA) and relapse to drug-seeking behavior after abstinence. METHODS In Experiment 1, the level of phosphorylated GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β) and total GSK-3β (t-GSK-3β) was determined in various brain areas following 14 days of ketamine SA. In Experiments 2 and 3, the effects of a GSK-3β inhibitor, SB216763 (2 and 4 mg/kg) and a GSK-3 inhibitor, lithium (LiCl, 100mg/kg) on the responding maintained by 0.5mg/kg/infusion ketamine SA were evaluated. In Experiments 4 and 5, rats underwent ketamine SA for 14 days followed by a 10-day abstinence period. The animals were treated with 2 or 4 mg/kg GSK-3β inhibitor, or 100mg/kg LiCl during the cue-induced relapse test. Seven days later, animals received the same drug treatment and underwent the drug-induced relapse test. Finally, the effect of saline and DMSO on locomotor activity was evaluated in Experiment 6. RESULTS Ketamine SA significantly decreased the ratio p-GSK-3β and t-GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β:t-GSK-3β) in the caudate putamen, nucleus accumbens, and ventral tegmental area. Both SB216763 and LiCl decreased responding on a progressive ratio schedule, but not on a fixed ratio schedule. Cue-induced relapse was suppressed only by 4mg/kg SB216763, whereas drug-induced relapse was inhibited by 2, 4 mg/kg SB216763 and LiCl. However, inactive responses were also suppressed by LiCl during progressive ratio and drug-induced relapse testing. CONCLUSIONS SB216763 was effective at decreasing ketamine SA under the PR schedule and reducing drug-seeking behavior after abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianni Huang
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Kunyu Huang
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wenhui Zheng
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Thomas J R Beveridge
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction Treatment, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc., 100 Interpace Pkwy, Parsippany, NJ 07054 USA
| | - Shujun Yang
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xingxing Li
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Pengping Li
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wenhua Zhou
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China; Drug Addiction Research and Treatment Center of Ningbo, 42 Xibei St., Ningbo 315010, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, 818 Fenghua Road, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, PR China.
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Effects of prenatal chronic mild stress exposure on hippocampal cell proliferation, expression of GSK‐3α, β and NR2B in adult offspring during fear extinction in rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2014; 35:16-24. [PMID: 24631206 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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