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Karl V, Rohe T. Structural brain changes in emotion recognition across the adult lifespan. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2023; 18:nsad052. [PMID: 37769357 PMCID: PMC10627307 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Emotion recognition (ER) declines with increasing age, yet little is known whether this observation is based on structural brain changes conveyed by differential atrophy. To investigate whether age-related ER decline correlates with reduced grey matter (GM) volume in emotion-related brain regions, we conducted a voxel-based morphometry analysis using data of the Human Connectome Project-Aging (N = 238, aged 36-87) in which facial ER was tested. We expected to find brain regions that show an additive or super-additive age-related change in GM volume indicating atrophic processes that reduce ER in older adults. The data did not support our hypotheses after correction for multiple comparisons. Exploratory analyses with a threshold of P < 0.001 (uncorrected), however, suggested that relationships between GM volume and age-related general ER may be widely distributed across the cortex. Yet, small effect sizes imply that only a small fraction of the decline of ER in older adults can be attributed to local GM volume changes in single voxels or their multivariate patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Karl
- Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
- NORMENT, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo 0373, Norway
| | - Tim Rohe
- Institute of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
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Jillings S, Pechenkova E, Tomilovskaya E, Rukavishnikov I, Jeurissen B, Van Ombergen A, Nosikova I, Rumshiskaya A, Litvinova L, Annen J, De Laet C, Schoenmaekers C, Sijbers J, Petrovichev V, Sunaert S, Parizel PM, Sinitsyn V, Eulenburg PZ, Laureys S, Demertzi A, Wuyts FL. Prolonged microgravity induces reversible and persistent changes on human cerebral connectivity. Commun Biol 2023; 6:46. [PMID: 36639420 PMCID: PMC9839680 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04382-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The prospect of continued manned space missions warrants an in-depth understanding of how prolonged microgravity affects the human brain. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can pinpoint changes reflecting adaptive neuroplasticity across time. We acquired resting-state fMRI data of cosmonauts before, shortly after, and eight months after spaceflight as a follow-up to assess global connectivity changes over time. Our results show persisting connectivity decreases in posterior cingulate cortex and thalamus and persisting increases in the right angular gyrus. Connectivity in the bilateral insular cortex decreased after spaceflight, which reversed at follow-up. No significant connectivity changes across eight months were found in a matched control group. Overall, we show that altered gravitational environments influence functional connectivity longitudinally in multimodal brain hubs, reflecting adaptations to unfamiliar and conflicting sensory input in microgravity. These results provide insights into brain functional modifications occurring during spaceflight, and their further development when back on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Jillings
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ekaterina Pechenkova
- grid.410682.90000 0004 0578 2005Laboratory for Cognitive Research, HSE University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Tomilovskaya
- grid.4886.20000 0001 2192 9124SSC RF—Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya Rukavishnikov
- grid.4886.20000 0001 2192 9124SSC RF—Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ben Jeurissen
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium ,grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681imec-Vision Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Angelique Van Ombergen
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium ,grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Department of Translational Neuroscience—ENT, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Inna Nosikova
- grid.4886.20000 0001 2192 9124SSC RF—Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alena Rumshiskaya
- grid.415738.c0000 0000 9216 2496Radiology Department, National Medical Research Treatment and Rehabilitation Center of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Liudmila Litvinova
- grid.415738.c0000 0000 9216 2496Radiology Department, National Medical Research Treatment and Rehabilitation Center of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jitka Annen
- grid.411374.40000 0000 8607 6858Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, GIGA Institute, University and University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Chloë De Laet
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Catho Schoenmaekers
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jan Sijbers
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681imec-Vision Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Victor Petrovichev
- grid.415738.c0000 0000 9216 2496Radiology Department, National Medical Research Treatment and Rehabilitation Center of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884Department of Imaging & Pathology, Translational MRI, KU Leuven—University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul M. Parizel
- grid.416195.e0000 0004 0453 3875Department of Radiology, Royal Perth Hospital and University of Western Australia Medical School, Perth, WA Australia
| | - Valentin Sinitsyn
- grid.14476.300000 0001 2342 9668Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter zu Eulenburg
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XInstitute for Neuroradiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Steven Laureys
- grid.411374.40000 0000 8607 6858Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, GIGA Institute, University and University Hospital of Liège, Liège, Belgium ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Joint International Research Unit on Consciousness, CERVO Brain Research Centre, Laval University, Quebec, QC Canada ,grid.410595.c0000 0001 2230 9154International Consciousness Science Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Athena Demertzi
- grid.4861.b0000 0001 0805 7253Physiology of Cognition, GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium ,grid.4861.b0000 0001 0805 7253Department of Psychology, Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Floris L. Wuyts
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Lab for Equilibrium Investigations and Aerospace, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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