1
|
Holbrook SE, Hicks AN, Martin PB, Hines TJ, Castro HP, Cox GA. Clinically relevant mouse models of severe spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1. Hum Mol Genet 2024:ddae116. [PMID: 39128026 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal Muscular Atrophy with Respiratory Distress (SMARD1) is a lethal infantile disease, characterized by the loss of motor neurons leading to muscular atrophy, diaphragmatic paralysis, and weakness in the trunk and limbs. Mutations in IGHMBP2, a ubiquitously expressed DNA/RNA helicase, have been shown to cause a wide spectrum of motor neuron disease. Though mutations in IGHMBP2 are mostly associated with SMARD1, milder alleles cause the axonal neuropathy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2S (CMT2S), and some null alleles are potentially a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Variant heterogeneity studied using an allelic series can be informative in order to create a broad spectrum of models that better exhibit the human variation. We previously identified the nmd2J mouse model of SMARD1, as well as two milder CMT2S mouse models. Here, we used CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to create three new, more severe Ighmbp2 mouse models of SMARD1, including a null allele, a deletion of C495 (C495del) and a deletion of L362 (L362del). Phenotypic characterization of the IGHMBP2L362del homozygous mutants and IGHMBP2C495del homozygous mutants respectively show a more severe disease presentation than the previous nmd2J model. The IGHMBP2L362del mutants lack a clear denervation in the diaphragm while the IGHMBP2C495del mutants display a neurogenic diaphragmatic phenotype as observed in SMARD1 patients. Characterization of the Ighmbp2-null model indicated neo-natal lethality (median lifespan = 0.5 days). These novel strains expand the spectrum of SMARD1 models to better reflect the clinical continuum observed in the human patients with various IGHMBP2 recessive mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Holbrook
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St., Bar Harbor, ME 04609 United States
- The University of Maine, 75 Long Rd., Orono, ME 04469 United States
| | - Amy N Hicks
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St., Bar Harbor, ME 04609 United States
| | - Paige B Martin
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St., Bar Harbor, ME 04609 United States
| | - Timothy J Hines
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St., Bar Harbor, ME 04609 United States
| | - Harold P Castro
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St., Bar Harbor, ME 04609 United States
| | - Gregory A Cox
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St., Bar Harbor, ME 04609 United States
- The University of Maine, 75 Long Rd., Orono, ME 04469 United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou C, Chen Z, Chen Q, Feng X. Case report: Heterozygous variation in the IGHMBP2 gene leading to spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1289625. [PMID: 38872814 PMCID: PMC11169606 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1289625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
A rare autosomal recessive genetic disease is spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD 1; OMIM #604320), which is characterized by progressive distal limb muscle weakness, muscular atrophy, and early onset of respiratory failure. Herein, we report the case of a 4-month-old female infant with SMARD type 1 who was admitted to our hospital owing to unexplained distal limb muscle weakness and early respiratory failure. This report summarizes the characteristics of SMARD type 1 caused by heterozygous variation in the immunoglobulin mu DNA binding protein 2 (IGHMBP2) gene by analyzing its clinical manifestations, genetic variation characteristics, and related examinations, aiming to deepen clinicians' understanding of the disease, assisting pediatricians in providing medical information to parents and improving the decision-making process involved in establishing life support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoai Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Zefu Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Qiqing Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| | - Xiaowei Feng
- Department of Pediatrics, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hayes LH, Darras BT. Neuromuscular problems of the critically Ill neonate and child. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2024; 49:101123. [PMID: 38677802 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2024.101123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Acute neuromuscular disorders occasionally occur in the Pediatric Neurologic Intensive Care Unit. Many of these are primary disorders of the motor unit that may present acutely or exacerbate during an intercurrent illness. Additionally, acute neuromuscular disorders may develop during an acute systemic illness requiring intensive care management that predispose the child to another set of acute motor unit disorders. This chapter discusses acute neuromuscular crises in the infant, toddler, and adolescent, as well as neuromuscular disorders resulting from critical illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie H Hayes
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Basil T Darras
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tian Y, Xing J, Shi Y, Yuan E. Exploring the relationship between IGHMBP2 gene mutations and spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2S: a systematic review. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1252075. [PMID: 38046662 PMCID: PMC10690808 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1252075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background IGHMBP2 is a crucial gene for the development and maintenance of the nervous system, especially in the survival of motor neurons. Mutations in this gene have been associated with spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2S (CMT2S). Methods We conducted a systematic literature search using the PubMed database to identify studies published up to April 1st, 2023, that investigated the association between IGHMBP2 mutations and SMARD1 or CMT2S. We compared the non-truncating mutations and truncating mutations of the IGHMBP2 gene and selected high-frequency mutations of the IGHMBP2 gene. Results We identified 52 articles that investigated the association between IGHMBP2 mutations and SMARD1/CMT2S. We found 6 hotspot mutations of the IGHMBP2 gene. The truncating mutations in trans were all associated with SMARD1. Conclusion This study provides evidence that the complete LOF mechanism of the IGHMBP2 gene defect may be an important cause of SMARD1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinfang Xing
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Screening Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Enwu Yuan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rzepnikowska W, Kaminska J, Kochański A. Validation of the Pathogenic Effect of IGHMBP2 Gene Mutations Based on Yeast S. cerevisiae Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179913. [PMID: 36077311 PMCID: PMC9456350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1) is a heritable neurodegenerative disease characterized by rapid respiratory failure within the first months of life and progressive muscle weakness and wasting. Although the causative gene, IGHMBP2, is well defined, information on IGHMBP2 mutations is not always sufficient to diagnose particular patients, as the gene is highly polymorphic and the pathogenicity of many gene variants is unknown. In this study, we generated a simple yeast model to establish the significance of IGHMBP2 variants for disease development, especially those that are missense mutations. We have shown that cDNA of the human gene encodes protein which is functional in yeast cells and different pathogenic mutations affect this functionality. Furthermore, there is a correlation between the phenotype estimated in in vitro studies and our results, indicating that our model may be used to quickly and simply distinguish between pathogenic and non-pathogenic mutations identified in IGHMBP2 in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Rzepnikowska
- Neuromuscular Unit, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kaminska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrzej Kochański
- Neuromuscular Unit, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stembalska A, Rydzanicz M, Walas W, Gasperowicz P, Pollak A, Pienkowski VM, Biela M, Klaniewska M, Gamrot Z, Gronska E, Ploski R, Smigiel R. Severe Infantile Axonal Neuropathy with Respiratory Failure Caused by Novel Mutation in X-Linked LAS1L Gene. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050725. [PMID: 35627110 PMCID: PMC9142081 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
LAS1L encodes a nucleolar ribosomal biogenesis protein and is also a component of the Five Friends of Methylated CHTOP (5FMC) complex. Mutations in the LAS1L gene can be associated with Wilson−Turner syndrome (WTS) and, much more rarely, severe infantile hypotonia with respiratory failure. Here, we present an eighteen-month old boy with a phenotype of spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress (SMARD). By applying WES, we identified a novel hemizygous synonymous variant in the LAS1L gene inherited from an unaffected mother (c.846G > C, p.Thr282=). We suggest that the identified variant impairs the RNA splicing process. Furthermore, we proved the absence of any coding regions by qPCR and sequencing cDNA using amplicon deep sequencing and Sanger sequencing methods. According to the SMARD phenotype, severe breathing problems causing respiratory insufficiency, hypotonia, and feeding difficulties were observed in our patient from the first days of life. Remarkably, our case is the second described patient with a SMARD-like phenotype due to a mutation in the LAS1L gene and the first with a variant impacting splicing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Małgorzata Rydzanicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.G.); (A.P.); (V.M.P.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Wojciech Walas
- Paediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital in Opole, 45-401 Opole, Poland;
| | - Piotr Gasperowicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.G.); (A.P.); (V.M.P.); (R.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Pollak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.G.); (A.P.); (V.M.P.); (R.P.)
| | - Victor Murcia Pienkowski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.G.); (A.P.); (V.M.P.); (R.P.)
- MMG, Marseille Medical Genetics U1251, Aix Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Mateusz Biela
- Department of Family and Paediatric Nursing, Medical University, 50-996 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Magdalena Klaniewska
- Department of Family and Paediatric Nursing, Medical University, 50-996 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Zuzanna Gamrot
- Care and Therapy Unit for Mechanically Ventilated Children and Young People, 41-506 Chorzow, Poland; (Z.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Ewa Gronska
- Care and Therapy Unit for Mechanically Ventilated Children and Young People, 41-506 Chorzow, Poland; (Z.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Rafal Ploski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (P.G.); (A.P.); (V.M.P.); (R.P.)
| | - Robert Smigiel
- Department of Family and Paediatric Nursing, Medical University, 50-996 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.B.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (R.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Reddy C, Paria P, Chatterjee D, Saini AG, Suthar R, Singanamalla B, Kochar G. Spinal Muscular Atrophy with Respiratory Distress Type 1 (SMARD1): Are We Diagnosing Yet? JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe spectrum of disorders associated with the IGHMBP2 (immunoglobulin μ-binding protein 2) gene pathogenic variants is still unknown. In this case report, we discussed an interesting case of genetically confirmed spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1) with atypical sparing of the diaphragm, thus expanding the phenotypic spectrum of this intriguing disorder and also highlight the importance of reconsidering the selection criteria for considering IGHMBP2 pathogenic variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaithanya Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pradip Paria
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Debajyoti Chatterjee
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Arushi G. Saini
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Renu Suthar
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Bhanudeep Singanamalla
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gurpreet Kochar
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Satguru Partap Singh Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bodle EE, Zhu W, Velez-Bartolomei F, Tesi-Rocha A, Liu P, Bernstein JA. Combined Genome Sequencing and RNA Analysis Reveals and Characterizes a Deep Intronic Variant in IGHMBP2 in a Patient With Spinal Muscular Atrophy With Respiratory Distress Type 1. Pediatr Neurol 2021; 114:16-20. [PMID: 33189025 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic variants in the IGHMBP2 gene cause recessive spinal motor neuropathies of variable phenotype, including a predominantly distal motor impairment of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2S and the more severe condition of spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 in which infantile respiratory failure predominates. METHODS We describe the first reported case of spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 caused by a novel deep intronic variant in IGHMBP2 (NM_002180c.712-610A>G). RESULTS The variant was detected by whole genome sequencing. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and complimentary DNA sequencing were used to characterize the impact of the novel variant. CONCLUSIONS This report illustrates the utility in clinical practice of genome sequencing and RNA analysis, compared with exome sequencing alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan E Bodle
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
| | | | - Frances Velez-Bartolomei
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Ana Tesi-Rocha
- Department of Neurology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Baylor Genetics, Houston, Texas; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Géraud J, Dieterich K, Rendu J, Uro Coste E, Dobrzynski M, Marcorelle P, Ioos C, Romero NB, Baudou E, Brocard J, Coville AC, Fauré J, Koenig M, Juntas Morales R, Lacène E, Madelaine A, Marty I, Pegeot H, Theze C, Siegfried A, Cossee M, Cances C. Clinical phenotype and loss of the slow skeletal muscle troponin T in three new patients with recessive TNNT1 nemaline myopathy. J Med Genet 2020; 58:602-608. [PMID: 32994279 PMCID: PMC8394741 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2019-106714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Congenital nemaline myopathies are rare pathologies characterised by muscle weakness and rod-shaped inclusions in the muscle fibres. Methods Using next-generation sequencing, we identified three patients with pathogenic variants in the Troponin T type 1 (TNNT1) gene, coding for the troponin T (TNT) skeletal muscle isoform. Results The clinical phenotype was similar in all patients, associating hypotonia, orthopaedic deformities and progressive chronic respiratory failure, leading to early death. The anatomopathological phenotype was characterised by a disproportion in the muscle fibre size, endomysial fibrosis and nemaline rods. Molecular analyses of TNNT1 revealed a homozygous deletion of exons 8 and 9 in patient 1; a heterozygous nonsense mutation in exon 9 and retention of part of intron 4 in muscle transcripts in patient 2; and a homozygous, very early nonsense mutation in patient 3. Western blot analyses confirmed the absence of the TNT protein resulting from these mutations. Discussion The clinical and anatomopathological presentations of our patients reinforce the homogeneous character of the phenotype associated with recessive TNNT1 mutations. Previous studies revealed an impact of recessive variants on the tropomyosin-binding affinity of TNT. We report in our patients a complete loss of TNT protein due to open reading frame disruption or to post-translational degradation of TNT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Géraud
- Neuropediatric Department, University Hospital Centre Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Klaus Dieterich
- INSERM U1216, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Department of Pathology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - John Rendu
- INSERM U1216, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U1216, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuelle Uro Coste
- INSERM U1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Department of Pathology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Pascale Marcorelle
- Pathology Department, Brest University Hospital, Morvan Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Christine Ioos
- Neuropediatric Department, Garches University Hospital Center, Garches, France
| | - Norma Beatriz Romero
- UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne University, UPMC University of Paris 06, Paris, France.,Myology Institute, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eloise Baudou
- Neuropediatric Department, University Hospital Centre Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Brocard
- INSERM U1216, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U1216, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Cécile Coville
- Neuropediatric Department, University Hospital Centre Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Fauré
- INSERM U1216, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U1216, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Koenig
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, LGMR, Montpellier University Hospital Centre, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Raul Juntas Morales
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, LGMR, Montpellier University Hospital Centre, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuelle Lacène
- UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne University, UPMC University of Paris 06, Paris, France.,Myology Institute, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Angéline Madelaine
- UMRS974, CNRS FRE3617, Center for Research in Myology, INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne University, UPMC University of Paris 06, Paris, France.,Myology Institute, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Marty
- INSERM U1216, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France.,INSERM U1216, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Henri Pegeot
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, LGMR, Montpellier University Hospital Centre, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Corinne Theze
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, LGMR, Montpellier University Hospital Centre, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Mireille Cossee
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, LGMR, Montpellier University Hospital Centre, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claude Cances
- Neuropediatric Department, University Hospital Centre Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ames EG, Neville KL, McNamara NA, Keegan CE, Elsea SH. Clinical Reasoning: A 12-month-old child with hypotonia and developmental delays. Neurology 2020; 95:184-187. [PMID: 32669393 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Ames
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (E.G.A., C.E.K.) and Neurology (K.L.N., N.A.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor; and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (S.H.E.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
| | - Kerri L Neville
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (E.G.A., C.E.K.) and Neurology (K.L.N., N.A.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor; and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (S.H.E.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Nancy A McNamara
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (E.G.A., C.E.K.) and Neurology (K.L.N., N.A.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor; and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (S.H.E.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Catherine E Keegan
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (E.G.A., C.E.K.) and Neurology (K.L.N., N.A.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor; and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (S.H.E.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Sarah H Elsea
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (E.G.A., C.E.K.) and Neurology (K.L.N., N.A.M.), University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor; and Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (S.H.E.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hawley MH, Moschovis PP, Lu M, Kinane TB, Yonker LM. The future is here: Integrating genetics into the pediatric pulmonary clinic. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1810-1818. [PMID: 32533912 PMCID: PMC7384239 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of underlying genetic etiologies of disease is increasing at an exponential rate, likely due to greater access to and lower cost of genetic testing. Monogenic causes of disease, or conditions resulting from a mutation or mutations in a single gene, are now well recognized in every subspecialty, including pediatric pulmonary medicine; thus, it is important to consider genetic conditions when evaluating children with respiratory disease. In the pediatric pulmonary clinic, genetic testing should be considered when multiple family members present with similar or related clinical features and when individuals have unusual clinical presentations, such as early-onset disease or complex, syndromic features. This review provides a practical guide for genetic diagnosis in the pediatric pulmonary setting, including a review of genetic concepts, considerations for test selection and results in interpretation, as well as an overview of genetic differential diagnoses for common pediatric pulmonary phenotypes. Genetic conditions that commonly present to the pediatric pulmonary clinic are reviewed in a companion article by Yonker et al.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan H Hawley
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Peter P Moschovis
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mengdi Lu
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lael M Yonker
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Morelli KH, Hatton CL, Harper SQ, Burgess RW. Gene therapies for axonal neuropathies: Available strategies, successes to date, and what to target next. Brain Res 2020; 1732:146683. [PMID: 32001243 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nearly one-hundred loci in the human genome have been associated with different forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) and related inherited neuropathies. Despite this wealth of gene targets, treatment options are still extremely limited, and clear "druggable" pathways are not obvious for many of these mutations. However, recent advances in gene therapies are beginning to circumvent this challenge. Each type of CMT is a monogenic disorder, and the cellular targets are usually well-defined and typically include peripheral neurons or Schwann cells. In addition, the genetic mechanism is often also clear, with loss-of-function mutations requiring restoration of gene expression, and gain-of-function or dominant-negative mutations requiring silencing of the mutant allele. These factors combine to make CMT a good target for developing genetic therapies. Here we will review the state of relatively established gene therapy approaches, including viral vector-mediated gene replacement and antisense oligonucleotides for exon skipping, altering splicing, and gene knockdown. We will also describe earlier stage approaches for allele-specific knockdown and CRIPSR/Cas9 gene editing. We will next describe how these various approaches have been deployed in clinical and preclinical studies. Finally, we will evaluate various forms of CMT as candidates for gene therapy based on the current understanding of their genetics, cellular/tissue targets, validated animal models, and availability of patient populations and natural history data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn H Morelli
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; The Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | | | - Scott Q Harper
- Center for Gene Therapy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Robert W Burgess
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; The Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Saladini M, Nizzardo M, Govoni A, Taiana M, Bresolin N, Comi GP, Corti S. Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1: Clinical phenotypes, molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic insights. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1169-1178. [PMID: 31802621 PMCID: PMC6991628 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1) is a rare autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in the IGHMBP2 gene, which encodes immunoglobulin μ‐binding protein 2, leading to progressive spinal motor neuron degeneration. We review the data available in the literature about SMARD1. The vast majority of patients show an onset of typical symptoms in the first year of life. The main clinical features are distal muscular atrophy and diaphragmatic palsy, for which permanent supportive ventilation is required. No effective treatment is available yet, but novel therapeutic approaches, such as gene therapy, have shown encouraging results in preclinical settings and thus represent possible methods for treating SMARD1. Significant advancements in the understanding of both the SMARD1 clinical spectrum and its molecular mechanisms have allowed the rapid translation of preclinical therapeutic strategies to human patients to improve the poor prognosis of this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Saladini
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Nizzardo
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Govoni
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Taiana
- Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Nereo Bresolin
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo P Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neuromuscular and rare diseases unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neurology Unit, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|