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The application progress of peptides in drug delivery systems in the past decade. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wtorek K, Janecka A. Potential of Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Peptide Analogs for Drug Development. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000871. [PMID: 33351271 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nociceptin receptor (NOP) belongs to the family of opioid receptors but was discovered and characterized much later than the so called classical opioid receptors, μ, δ and κ (or MOP, DOP and KOP, resp.). Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) is the endogenous ligand of this receptor and it controls numerous important functions in the central nervous system and in the periphery, so its analogs may be developed as innovative drugs for the treatment of a variety of conditions and pathological states. Availability of potent and selective ligands with high affinity to NOP receptor is essential to fully understand the role of NOP-N/OFQ system in the body, which in turn may lead to designing novel therapeutics. Here, we have focused on reviewing the structure of potent peptide-based agonists, antagonists, biased analogs and bivalent ligands that target NOP receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Wtorek
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, PL-92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Janecka
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, PL-92-215 Lodz, Poland
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Zhang YZ, Yang WJ, Wang XF, Wang MM, Zhang Y, Gu N, Wang CL. The spinal anti-allodynic effects of endomorphin analogs with C-terminal hydrazide modification in neuropathic pain model. Peptides 2020; 134:170407. [PMID: 32926948 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to further investigate the spinal anti-allodynic effects of endomorphins (EMs) and their C-terminal hydrazide modified analogs EM-1-NHNH2 and EM-2-NHNH2 in the spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain in mice. Our results demonstrated that intrathecal (i.t.) administration of endomorphin-1 (EM-1), endomorphin-2 (EM-2), EM-1-NHNH2 and EM-2-NHNH2 produced potent anti-allodynic effects ipsilaterally in neuropathic pain model. Judging from the area under the curve (AUC) values, these two analogs exhibited higher antinociception than their parent peptides. Moreover, they also displayed significant antinociceptive effects in the contralateral paw administered intrathecally. Interestingly, EM-1 and its analog EM-1-NHNH2 displayed their antinociception probably by μ2-opioid receptor subtype since the μ1-opioid receptor antagonist naloxonazine didn't significantly block the anti-allodynia of EM-1 and EM-1-NHNH2, which implied a same opioid mechanism. However, the anti-allodynia induced by EM-2, but not EM-2-NHNH2 was significantly reduced by both μ1-opioid antagonist, naloxonazine and κ-antagonist, nor-binaltorphamine (nor-BNI), indicating multiple opioid receptors were involved in the anti-allodynic effects of EM-2. Most importantly, EM-1-NHNH2 decreased the antinociceptive tolerance, and EM-2-NHNH2 displayed non-tolerance-forming antinociception. Therefore, C-terminal amide to hydrazide conversion changed the spinal antinociceptive profiles of EMs in neuropathic pain. The present investigation is of great value in the development of novel opioid therapeutics against neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhe Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Wen-Jiao Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Wang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Chang-Lin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Ostorhazi E, Hoffmann R, Herth N, Wade JD, Kraus CN, Otvos L. Advantage of a Narrow Spectrum Host Defense (Antimicrobial) Peptide Over a Broad Spectrum Analog in Preclinical Drug Development. Front Chem 2018; 6:359. [PMID: 30186829 PMCID: PMC6111444 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The APO-type proline-arginine-rich host defense peptides exhibit potent in vitro killing parameters against Enterobacteriaceae but not to other bacteria. Because of the excellent in vivo properties against systemic and local infections, attempts are regularly made to further improve the activity spectrum. A C-terminal hydrazide analog of the Chex1-Arg20 amide (ARV-1502) shows somewhat improved minimal inhibitory concentration against Moraxellaceae. Here we compared the activity of the two peptides as well as an inactive dimeric reverse amide analog in a systemic Acinetobacter baumannii infection. Only the narrow spectrum amide derivative reduced the 6-h blood bacterial burden by >2 log10 units reaching statistical significance (p = 0.03 at 5 mg/kg and 0.031 at 2 mg/kg administered intramuscularly). The hydrazide derivative, probably due to stronger activity on cell membranes, lysed erythrocytes at lower concentrations, and caused toxic effects at lower doses (10 mg/kg vs. 25 mg/kg). In a limited study, the amide induced a >5-fold production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 over untreated naïve mice and minor increases in the anti-inflammatory IL-4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, in blood. The blood of hydrazide-treated mice exhibited significantly lowered levels of IL-10 and slightly decreased IL-4 and TNF-α. These results suggest that the improved efficacy of the narrow-spectrum amide analog is likely associated with increased anti-inflammatory cytokine production and better stimulation of the immune system. Although blood IL-6 and TNF-α levels are frequently used as markers of potential toxicity in drug development, we did not observe any notable increase in mice receiving the toxic polyamide antibiotic colistin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Ostorhazi
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole Herth
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - John D Wade
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Laszlo Otvos
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Arrevus, Inc, Raleigh, NC, United States.,OLPE, LLC, Audubon, PA, United States
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Wang CL, Yang DJ, Yuan BY, Wang Y. C-terminal hydrazide modification changes the spinal antinociceptive profiles of endomorphins in mice. Peptides 2018; 99:128-133. [PMID: 28888771 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we have demonstrated that endomorphins (EMs) analogs with C-terminal hydrazide modification retained the μ-opioid receptor affinity and selectivity, and exhibited potent antinociception after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration. In the present study, we extended our studies to evaluate the antinociceptive profiles of EMs and their analogs EM-1-NHNH2, EM-2-NHNH2 given spinally in the radiant heat paw withdrawal test. Following intrathecal (i.t.) administration, EM-1, EM-2, EM-1-NHNH2 and EM-2-NHNH2 dose-dependently increased the latency for paw withdrawal response. EM-1-NHNH2 displayed the highest antinociceptive effects, with the ED50 values being 1.63 nmol, more potent than the parent EM-1 (1.96 nmol), but with no significant difference. By contrast, the analgesic activities of EM-2 and its analog EM-2-NHNH2 were almost equivalent (P>0.05). Naloxone and β-funaltrexamine (β-FNA) almost completely attenuated the antinociceptive effects of EMs and their analogs EM-1-NHNH2, EM-2-NHNH2 (10 nmol, i.t.), indicating the involvement of μ-opioid receptors. Notably, the antinociception of EM-1 was not significantly antagonized by naloxonazine, a selective μ1-opioid receptor antagonist, but partially reversed the effects of EM-2, suggesting that EM-1 and EM-2 may produce antinociception through distinct μ1- and μ2-opioid receptor subtypes. Moreover, naloxonazine didn't significantly block the antinociceptive effects of EM-1-NHNH2 and EM-2-NHNH2, and nor-BNI, the κ-opioid receptor antagonist, attenuated the analgesic effects of EM-2, but not EM-1, EM-1-NHNH2 or EM-2-NHNH2. These results indicated that C-terminal amide to hydrazide conversion changed the antinociceptive opioid mechanisms of EM-2 but not EM-1 at the spinal level. Herein, the acute antinociceptive tolerance were further determined and compared. EM-1-NHNH2 and EM-2-NHNH2 shifted the dose-response curve rightward by only 2.8 and 1.5-fold as determined by tolerance ratio, whereas EM-1 and EM-2 by 3.4 and 4.6-fold, respectively, indicating substantially reduced antinociceptive tolerance. The present study demonstrated that C-terminal hydrazide modification changes the spinal antinociceptive profiles of EMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Lin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Dai-Jun Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Bi-Yu Yuan
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
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Zhou L, Yang Q, He C, Wei C, Yang Y, Dong S. Interaction of endokinin A/B and (Mpa(6))-γ2-MSH-6-12 in pain regulation in mice. Neuropeptides 2015; 53:79-84. [PMID: 26145509 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study focused on the interactive effects of (Mpa(6))-γ2-MSH-6-12 (Mpa, spinal level) and endokinin A/B (EKA/B, supraspinal level) on pain regulation in mice. EKA/B (30 pmol) only weakened 100 pmol Mpa-induced hyperalgesia at 5 min, but could enhance it during 20-30 min. However, EKA/B (100 pmol) antagonized all dose levels of Mpa significantly at 5 min and blocked them completely at 10 min. EKA/B (3 nmol) co-injected with Mpa presented marked analgesia at 5 min and enduring hyperalgesia within 20-60 min. To investigate the underlying mechanisms between Mpa and EKA/B, SR140333B and SR142801 (NK1 and NK3 receptor antagonists, respectively) were utilized. SR140333B had no influence on Mpa, while SR142801 potentiated it during 20-30 min. Whereas, SR140333B and SR142801 could block the co-administration of Mpa and EKA/B (30 pmol) separately at 5 min and 30 min. These phenomena might attribute to that these two antagonists promoted the antagonism of EKA/B (30 pmol) at the early stage, while antagonized EKA/B preferentially in the latter period. SR140333B weakened the analgesia of EKA/B (3 nmol), but produced no effect on Mpa. However, SR140333B failed to affect the co-injection of Mpa and EKA/B, which implied that EKA/B cooperated with Mpa prior to SR140333B. These results could potentially help to better understand the interaction of NK and MrgC receptors in pain regulation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxia Zhou
- The Core Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital, Lanzhou University, 1 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Gastrointestinal Diseases of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Qing Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunbo He
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chunnan Wei
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yinliang Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shouliang Dong
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Saidi M, Beaudry F. Liquid chromatography-electrospray linear ion trap mass spectrometry analysis of targeted neuropeptides in Tac1(-/-) mouse spinal cords reveals significant lower concentration of opioid peptides. Neuropeptides 2015; 52:79-87. [PMID: 26072188 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Tachykinin and opioid peptides play a central role in pain transmission, modulation and inhibition. The treatment of pain is very important in medicine and many studies using NK1 receptor antagonists failed to show significant analgesic effects in humans. Recent investigations suggest that both pronociceptive tachykinins and the analgesic opioid systems are important for normal pain sensation. The analysis of opioid peptides in Tac1(-/-) spinal cord tissues offers a great opportunity to verify the influence of the tachykinin system on specific opioid peptides. The objectives of this study were to develop an HPLC-MS/MRM assay to quantify targeted peptides in spinal cord tissues. Secondly, we wanted to verify if the Tac1(-/-) mouse endogenous opioid system is hampered and therefore affects significantly the pain modulatory pathways. Targeted neuropeptides were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography linear ion trap mass spectrometry. Our results reveal that EM-2, Leu-Enk and Dyn A were down-regulated in Tac1(-/-) spinal cord tissues. Interestingly, Dyn A was almost 3 fold down-regulated (p<0.0001). No significant concentration differences were observed in mouse Tac1(-/-) spinal cords for Met-Enk and CGRP. The analysis of Tac1(-/-) mouse spinal cords revealed noteworthy decreases of EM-2, Leu-Enk and Dyn A concentrations which strongly suggest a significant impact on the endogenous pain-relieving mechanisms. These observations may have insightful impact on future analgesic drug developments and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Saidi
- Groupe de Recherche en Pharmacologie Animal du Québec (GREPAQ), Département de biomédecine vétérinaire, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Francis Beaudry
- Groupe de Recherche en Pharmacologie Animal du Québec (GREPAQ), Département de biomédecine vétérinaire, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
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Wang CL, Qiu TT, Diao YX, Zhang Y, Gu N. Novel endomorphin-1 analogs with C-terminal oligoarginine-conjugation display systemic antinociceptive activity with less gastrointestinal side effects. Biochimie 2015; 116:24-33. [PMID: 26115815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent study, in order to improve the bioavailability of endomorphin-1 (EM-1), we designed and synthesized a series of novel EM-1 analogs by replacement of L-Pro(2) by β-Pro, D-Ala or Sar, together with C-terminal oligoarginine-conjugation. Our results indicated that the introduction of D-Ala and β-Pro in position 2, along with oligoarginine-conjugation, didn't significantly decrease the μ-affinity and in vitro bioactivity, and the enhancement of arginine residues did not markedly influence the μ-affinity of these analogs. All analogs displayed a significant enhancement of stability, which may be due to increased resistance to proline-specific enzymatic degradation. Moreover, following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration, analogs 1, 2, 4 and 5 produced significant antinociception and increased duration of action, with the ED50 values being about 1.8- to 4.2-fold less potent than that of EM-1. In addition, our results indicated that no significant antinociceptive activity of EM-1 was seen following subcutaneous (s.c.) injection, whereas analogs 1, 2, 4 and 5 with equimolar dose induced significant and prolonged antinociception by an opioid and central mechanism. Herein, we further examined the gastrointestinal transit and colonic propulsive latencies of EM-1 and its four analogs administered centrally and peripherally. I.c.v. administration of EM-1 and analogs 1, 2, 4 and 5 significantly delayed gastrointestinal transit and colonic bead propulsion in mice, but the inhibitory effects induced by these analogs were largely attenuated. It is noteworthy that no significant gastrointestinal side effects induced by these four analogs were observed after s.c. administration. Our results demonstrated that combined modifications of EM-1 with unnatural amino acid substitutions and oligoarginine-conjugation gave an efficient strategy to improve the analgesic profile of EM-1 analogs but with less gastrointestinal side effects when administered peripherally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-lin Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Ting-ting Qiu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yu-xiang Diao
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Ning Gu
- School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, China
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-sixth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2013 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia; stress and social status; tolerance and dependence; learning and memory; eating and drinking; alcohol and drugs of abuse; sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology; mental illness and mood; seizures and neurologic disorders; electrical-related activity and neurophysiology; general activity and locomotion; gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions; cardiovascular responses; respiration and thermoregulation; and immunological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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