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Yu T, Hu T, Na K, Zhang L, Lu S, Guo X. Glutamine-derived peptides: Current progress and future directions. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13386. [PMID: 38847753 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Glutamine, the most abundant amino acid in the body, plays a critical role in preserving immune function, nitrogen balance, intestinal integrity, and resistance to infection. However, its limited solubility and instability present challenges for its use a functional nutrient. Consequently, there is a preference for utilizing glutamine-derived peptides as an alternative to achieve enhanced functionality. This article aims to review the applications of glutamine monomers in clinical, sports, and enteral nutrition. It compares the functional effectiveness of monomers and glutamine-derived peptides and provides a comprehensive assessment of glutamine-derived peptides in terms of their classification, preparation, mechanism of absorption, and biological activity. Furthermore, this study explores the potential integration of artificial intelligence (AI)-based peptidomics and synthetic biology in the de novo design and large-scale production of these peptides. The findings reveal that glutamine-derived peptides possess significant structure-related bioactivities, with the smaller molecular weight fraction serving as the primary active ingredient. These peptides possess the ability to promote intestinal homeostasis, exert hypotensive and hypoglycemic effects, and display antioxidant properties. However, our understanding of the structure-function relationships of glutamine-derived peptides remains largely exploratory at current stage. The combination of AI based peptidomics and synthetic biology presents an opportunity to explore the untapped resources of glutamine-derived peptides as functional food ingredients. Additionally, the utilization and bioavailability of these peptides can be enhanced through the use of delivery systems in vivo. This review serves as a valuable reference for future investigations of and developments in the discovery, functional validation, and biomanufacturing of glutamine-derived peptides in food science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfei Yu
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Tianshuo Hu
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Kai Na
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Shuang Lu
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
| | - Xiaohua Guo
- College of Life Science, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan City, China
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Wang Q, Zhang X, Leng H, Luan X, Guo F, Sun X, Gao S, Liu X, Qin H, Xu L. Zona incerta projection neurons and GABAergic and GLP-1 mechanisms in the nucleus accumbens are involved in the control of gastric function and food intake. Neuropeptides 2020; 80:102018. [PMID: 32000986 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to explore the effect of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) on promoting gastric function and food intake through glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)-sensitive gastric distension (GD) neurons under the regulatory control of the zona incerta (ZI). METHODS GABA neuronal projections were traced using retrograde tracing following fluorescence immunohistochemistry. An extracellular electrophysiological recording method was used to observe the firing of neurons in the NAc. HPLC was used to quantify the GABA and glutamate levels in the NAc after electrical stimulation of the ZI. Gastric functions including gastric motility and secretion, as well as food intake, were measured after the administration of different concentrations of GABA in the NAc or electrical stimulation of the ZI. RESULTS Some of the GABA-positive neurons arising from the ZI projected to the NAc. Some GABA-A receptor (GABA-AR)-immunoreactive neurons in the NAc were also positive for GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) immunoreactivity. The firing of most GLP-1-sensitive GD neurons was decreased by GABA infusion in the NAc. Intra-NAc GABA administration also promoted gastric function and food intake. The responses induced by GABA were partially blocked by the GABA-AR antagonist bicuculline (BIC) and weakened by the GLP-1R antagonist exendin 9-39 (Ex9). Electrical stimulation of the ZI changed the firing patterns of most GLP-1-sensitive GD neurons in the NAc and promoted gastric function and food intake. Furthermore, these excitatory effects induced by electrical stimulation of the ZI were weakened by preadministration of BIC in the NAc. CONCLUSION Retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical staining showed a GABAergic pathway from the ZI to the NAc. GABAergic and GLP-1 mechanisms in the NAc are involved in the control of gastric function and food intake. In addition, the interaction (direct or indirect) between the ZI and these NAc mechanisms is involved in the control of gastric function and food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, B-300 Leuven, Belgium; Family Medicine Department, Qingdao United Family Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266001, China
| | - Hui Leng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Xiao Luan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Xiangrong Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Shengli Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Xuehuan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Hao Qin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Luo Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China.
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Serotonin-1A receptor dependent modulation of pain and reward for improving therapy of chronic pain. Pharmacol Res 2018; 134:212-219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Haleem DJ, Nawaz S, Salman T. Dopamine and serotonin metabolism associated with morphine reward and its inhibition with buspirone: A study in the rat striatum. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 170:71-78. [PMID: 29782941 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adaptations within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and caudate nucleus (CN) dopamine neurotransmission are involved in behavioral sensitization and enhanced incentive motivation towards drug paired stimuli which lead to drug addiction. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) can modulate dopamine neurotransmission to reduce rewarding effects of drugs of abuse. A recent study from our laboratory shows that rewarding effects of morphine are inhibited in rats co-treated with buspirone. To understand the neurochemical mechanism involved in morphine addiction and its inhibition with buspirone, present study determines the effects of buspirone, morphine and their co-administration on the metabolism of serotonin and dopamine in the NAc and CN. We find that rewarding effects of morphine are associated with an enhancement and attenuation of dopamine metabolism, respectively in the CN and NAc. Serotonin metabolism is enhanced in both regions. Co-administration of buspirone not only prevents rewarding effects of morphine, but its effects on the metabolism of dopamine and serotonin in the NAc and CN are also reversed. Results suggest that 5-HT1A receptor dependent modulation of dopamine neurotransmission in the CN and NAc is involved in the modulation of the rewarding effects of morphine in buspirone co-treated animals. The findings documenting an important role of 5-HT1A receptors in drug addiction suggest that synthetic opioid drugs with agonist activity of 5-HT1A receptors may prove non addictive analgesics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darakhshan Jabeen Haleem
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Shazia Nawaz
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Tabinda Salman
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine & Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Sustkova-Fiserova M, Charalambous C, Havlickova T, Lapka M, Jerabek P, Puskina N, Syslova K. Alterations in Rat Accumbens Endocannabinoid and GABA Content during Fentanyl Treatment: The Role of Ghrelin. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2486. [PMID: 29165386 PMCID: PMC5713452 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The opioid-induced rise of extracellular dopamine, endocannabinoid anandamide and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentrations triggered by opioids in the nucleus accumbens shell (NACSh) most likely participate in opioid reward. We have previously demonstrated that systemic administration of ghrelin antagonist (JMV2959) significantly decreased morphine-induced dopamine and anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamine, AEA) increase in the NACSh. Fentanyl is considered as a µ-receptor-selective agonist. The aim of this study was to test whether JMV2959, a growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1A) antagonist, can influence the fentanyl-induced effects on anandamide, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and GABA in the NACSh and specify the involvement of GHS-R1A located in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAC). Using in vivo microdialysis in rats, we have found that pre-treatment with JMV2959 reversed dose dependently fentanyl-induced anandamide increases in the NACSh, resulting in a significant AEA decrease and intensified fentanyl-induced decreases in accumbens 2-AG levels, with both JMV2959 effects more expressed when administered into the NACSh in comparison to the VTA. JMV2959 pre-treatment significantly decreased the fentanyl-evoked accumbens GABA efflux and reduced concurrently monitored fentanyl-induced behavioural stimulation. Our current data encourage further investigation to assess if substances affecting GABA or endocannabinoid concentrations and action, such as GHS-R1A antagonists, can be used to prevent opioid-seeking behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sustkova-Fiserova
- Department of Pharmacology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 34 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (C.C.); (T.H.); (M.L.); (P.J.)
| | - Chrysostomos Charalambous
- Department of Pharmacology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 34 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (C.C.); (T.H.); (M.L.); (P.J.)
| | - Tereza Havlickova
- Department of Pharmacology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 34 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (C.C.); (T.H.); (M.L.); (P.J.)
| | - Marek Lapka
- Department of Pharmacology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 34 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (C.C.); (T.H.); (M.L.); (P.J.)
| | - Pavel Jerabek
- Department of Pharmacology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 100 34 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (C.C.); (T.H.); (M.L.); (P.J.)
| | - Nina Puskina
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Apolinarska 4, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic;
| | - Kamila Syslova
- Laboratory of Medicinal Diagnostics, Department of Organic Technology ICT, Technicka 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
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