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Sakurai R, Pieruccini‐Faria F, Cornish B, Fraser J, Binns MA, Beaton D, Dilliott AA, Kwan D, Ramirez J, Tan B, Scott CJM, Sunderland KM, Tartaglia C, Finger E, Zinman L, Freedman M, McLaughlin PM, Swartz RH, Symons S, Lang AE, Bartha R, Black SE, Masellis M, Hegele RA, McIlroy W, Montero‐Odasso M. Link among apolipoprotein E E4, gait, and cognition in neurodegenerative diseases: ONDRI study. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2968-2979. [PMID: 38470007 PMCID: PMC11032526 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apolipoprotein E E4 allele (APOE E4) and slow gait are independently associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. However, it is unknown whether their coexistence is associated with poorer cognitive performance and its underlying mechanism in neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS Gait speed, APOE E4, cognition, and neuroimaging were assessed in 480 older adults with neurodegeneration. Participants were grouped by APOE E4 presence and slow gait. Mediation analyses were conducted to determine if brain structures could explain the link between these factors and cognitive performance. RESULTS APOE E4 carriers with slow gait had the lowest global cognitive performance and smaller gray matter volumes compared to non-APOE E4 carriers with normal gait. Coexistence of APOE E4 and slow gait best predicted global and domain-specific poorer cognitive performances, mediated by smaller gray matter volume. DISCUSSION Gait slowness in APOE E4 carriers with neurodegenerative diseases may indicate extensive gray matter changes associated with poor cognition. HIGHLIGHTS APOE E4 and slow gait are risk factors for cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases. Slow gait and smaller gray matter volumes are associated, independently of APOE E4. Worse cognition in APOE E4 carriers with slow gait is explained by smaller GM volume. Gait slowness in APOE E4 carriers indicates poorer cognition-related brain changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Sakurai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy AgingTokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and GerontologyItabashi‐kuTokyoJapan
- Gait & Brain Lab, St. Joseph' Health Care London, Lawson Health Research, Western University, Division of Geriatric MedicineLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Frederico Pieruccini‐Faria
- Gait & Brain Lab, St. Joseph' Health Care London, Lawson Health Research, Western University, Division of Geriatric MedicineLondonOntarioCanada
- Department of MedicineDivision of Geriatric MedicineParkwood HospitalWestern University, Parkwood InstituteLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Benjamin Cornish
- Neuroscience, Mobility and Balance Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Health SciencesUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Julia Fraser
- Neuroscience, Mobility and Balance Lab, Department of Kinesiology and Health SciencesUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Malcolm A. Binns
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health SciencesTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Derek Beaton
- Data Science and Advanced Analytics, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Allison Ann Dilliott
- Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMontreal Neurological Institute, McGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Donna Kwan
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
| | - Joel Ramirez
- L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Department of Medicine (Neurology)Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook HSC, University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Brian Tan
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health SciencesTorontoOntarioCanada
| | | | | | - Carmela Tartaglia
- Krembil Brain InstituteUniversity Health Network Memory Clinic, Toronto Western HospitalTorontoOntarioCanada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Elizabeth Finger
- Department of Clinical Neurological SciencesSchulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Lorne Zinman
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology)University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Morris Freedman
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health SciencesTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology)University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Division of NeurologyBaycrest Health SciencesTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Paula M. McLaughlin
- Halifax Clinical Psychology Residency ProgramNova Scotia Health AuthorityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Richard H. Swartz
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology)University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Sean Symons
- L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Department of Medicine (Neurology)Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook HSC, University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Anthony E. Lang
- Division of NeurologyDepartment of MedicineEdmond J Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders ClinicToronto Western HospitalUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Robert Bartha
- Department of Medical BiophysicsSchulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Robarts Research Institute, Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Sandra E. Black
- L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Department of Medicine (Neurology)Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook HSC, University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Mario Masellis
- L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Department of Medicine (Neurology)Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook HSC, University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Robert A. Hegele
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada
- Robarts Research Institute, Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada
| | - William McIlroy
- Neuroscience, Mobility and Balance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health SciencesUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - ONDRI Investigators
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy AgingTokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and GerontologyItabashi‐kuTokyoJapan
| | - Manuel Montero‐Odasso
- Gait & Brain Lab, St. Joseph' Health Care London, Lawson Health Research, Western University, Division of Geriatric MedicineLondonOntarioCanada
- Gait and Brain Lab, Division of Geriatric Medicineand Lawson Health Research InstituteParkwood Institute, Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada
- Division of Geriatric MedicineDepartment of MedicineSchulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Parkwood InstituteLondonOntarioCanada
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Liao SY, Tan YD. Sister haplotypes and recombination disequilibrium: a new approach to identify associations of haplotypes with complex diseases. Front Genet 2024; 14:1295327. [PMID: 38292437 PMCID: PMC10825010 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1295327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Haplotype-based association analysis has several advantages over single-SNP association analysis. However, to date all haplotype-disease associations have not excluded recombination interference among multiple loci and hence some results might be confounded by recombination interference. Association of sister haplotypes with a complex disease, based on recombination disequilibrium (RD) was presented. Sister haplotypes can be determined by translating notation of DNA base haplotypes to notation of genetic genotypes. Sister haplotypes provide haplotype pairs available for haplotype-disease association analysis. After performing RD tests in control and case cohorts, a two-by-two contingency table can be constructed using sister haplotype pair and case-control pair. With this standard two-by-two table, one can perform classical Chi-square test to find statistical haplotype-disease association. Applying this method to a haplotype dataset of Alzheimer disease (AD), association of sister haplotypes containing ApoE3/4 with risk for AD was identified under no RD. Haplotypes within gene IL-13 were not associated with risk for breast cancer in the case of no RD and no association of haplotypes in gene IL-17A with risk for coronary artery disease were detected without RD. The previously reported associations of haplotypes within these genes with risk for these diseases might be due to strong RD and/or inappropriate haplotype pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Yao Liao
- Institute of Gerontology, Center for Genetics, Sichuan Academy & Sichuan Provincial People Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chendu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan-De Tan
- Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Rafie F, Rajizadeh MA, Shahbazi M, Pourranjbar M, Nekouei AH, Sheibani V, Peterson D. Effects of voluntary, and forced exercises on neurotrophic factors and cognitive function in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Neuropeptides 2023; 101:102357. [PMID: 37393777 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the elderly. Cognitive dysfunction represents a common and challenging non-motor symptom for people with Parkinson's disease. The number of neurotrophic proteins in the brain is critical in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's. This research aims to compare the effects of two types of exercise, forced and voluntary, on spatial memory and learning and neurochemical factors (CDNF and BDNF). METHODS In this research, 60 male rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10): the control (CTL) group without exercise, the Parkinson's groups without and with forced (FE) and voluntary (VE) exercises, and the sham groups (with voluntary and forced exercise). The animals in the forced exercise group were placed on the treadmill for four weeks (five days a week). At the same time, voluntary exercise training groups were placed in a special cage equipped with a rotating wheel. At the end of 4 weeks, learning and spatial memory were evaluated with the Morris water maze test. BDNF and CDNF protein levels in the hippocampus were measured by the ELISA method. RESULTS The results showed that although the PD group without exercise was at a significantly lower level than other groups in terms of cognitive function and neurochemical factors, both types of exercise, could improve these problems. CONCLUSION According to our results, 4 weeks of voluntary and forced exercises were all found to reverse the cognitive impairments of PD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forouzan Rafie
- Health Solutions, College of (CHS), Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Neuroscience Research Centre, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shahbazi
- Department of Physical Education & Exercise Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pourranjbar
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Amir H Nekouei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vahid Sheibani
- Neuroscience Research Centre, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Daniel Peterson
- Health Solutions, College of (CHS), Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Pheonix VA Medical Center. Phoenix, AZ, USA
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