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Feng Y, Sarrett SM, Meshaw RL, Vaidyanathan G, Cornejo MA, Zeglis BM, Zalutsky MR. Site-Specific Radiohalogenation of a HER2-Targeted Single-Domain Antibody Fragment Using a Novel Residualizing Prosthetic Agent. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15358-15373. [PMID: 36368007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Because of their rapid tumor accumulation and normal tissue clearance, single-domain antibody fragments (sdAbs) are an attractive vehicle for developing radiotherapeutics labeled with the α-emitter 211At. Herein, we have evaluated iso-[211At]AGMB-PODS, a prosthetic agent that combines a functionality for residualizing radiohalogens with a phenyloxadiazolyl methylsulfone (PODS) moiety for site-specific sdAb conjugation. Iso-[211At]AGMB-PODS and its radioiodinated analogue were evaluated for thiol-selective conjugation to anti-HER2 5F7 sdAb bearing a C-terminus GGC tail. Both radiohalogenated PODS-5F7GGC conjugates were synthesized in good radiochemical yields and retained high binding affinity on HER2-positive BT474 breast carcinoma cells. Iso-[211At]AGMB-PODS-5F7GGC was considerably more stable in vitro than its maleimide analogue in the presence of cysteine and human serum albumin (HSA) and exhibited excellent tumor uptake and high in vivo stability. Superior tumor-to-kidney activity ratios were seen for both radiohalogenated PODS-5F7GGC conjugates compared with [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-PODS-5F7GGC. These results suggest that iso-[211At]AGMB-PODS-5F7GGC warrants further evaluation for the treatment of HER2-expressing malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Feng
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Samantha M. Sarrett
- Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Meshaw
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Ganesan Vaidyanathan
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Mike A. Cornejo
- Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Brian M. Zeglis
- Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry and Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Michael R. Zalutsky
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
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Fan W, Zhang W, Alshehri S, Garrison JC. Examination of the impact molecular charge has on NTSR1-targeted agents incorporated with cysteine protease inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 234:114241. [PMID: 35306289 PMCID: PMC9007894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Our laboratory has previously reported a strategy of employing cysteine cathepsin (CC) inhibitors as adduct forming, trapping agents to extend the tumor residence time of neurotensin receptor subtype 1 (NTSR1)-targeted radiopharmaceuticals. As a follow-up, we herein report a small library of CC trapping agent (CCTA)-incorporated, NTSR1-targeted conjugates with structural modifications that reduce the number of charged functional groups for both the CCTA and the peptide targeting sequence. These modifications were pursued to reduce the renal uptake and increase the translational potential of the CCTA-incorporated, NTSR1-targeted agents as radiotherapeutics. The biological performance of these constructs was examined using a battery of in vitro and in vivo studies employing the NTSR1-positive HT-29 human colon cancer cell line as our model. In vitro studies confirmed the ability of these constructs to target the NTSR1 and efficiently form intracellular adducts with cysteine proteases. Biodistribution studies using an HT-29 xenograft mouse model revealed that truncation (removal of Lys6-Pro7) of the NTSR1-targeted peptide (177Lu-NE2a) had the greatest (3.7-fold) effect at lowering renal recognition/uptake relative to our previously reported construct. Other charge-reducing modifications to the CCTA resulted in unexpected increases in renal uptake. All of the constructs demonstrated similar levels of in vivo NTSR1-positive tumor targeting with the highest tumor residualization resulting from the construct containing the zwitterionic CCTA (177Lu-NE2a). In vivo adduct formation of the conjugates was confirmed using autoradiographic SDS-PAGE analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States,Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States,Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Sameer Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States,Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Jered C. Garrison
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States,Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985830 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985870 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States,Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985950 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, United States,Corresponding author: Tel: +01 4025593453,
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Feng Y, Zhou Z, McDougald D, Meshaw RL, Vaidyanathan G, Zalutsky MR. Site-specific radioiodination of an anti-HER2 single domain antibody fragment with a residualizing prosthetic agent. Nucl Med Biol 2020; 92:171-183. [PMID: 32448731 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As a consequence of their small size, high stability and high affinity, single domain antibody fragments (sdAbs) are appealing targeting vectors for radiopharmaceutical development. With sdAbs binding to internalizing receptors like HER2, residualizing prosthetic agents can enhance tumor retention of radioiodine, which until now has been done with random labeling approaches. Herein we evaluate a site-specific strategy utilizing a radioiodinated, residualizing maleimido moiety and the anti-HER2 sdAb 5F7 bearing a GGC tail for conjugation. METHODS Maleimidoethyl 3-(guanidinomethyl)-5-iodobenzoate ([131I]MEGMB) and its N-succinimidyl ester analogue, iso-[125I]SGMIB, were labeled by halodestannylation and conjugated with 5F7GGC and 5F7, respectively. Radiochemical purity, immunoreactivity and binding affinity were determined. Paired-label experiments directly compared iso-[125I]SGMIB-5F7 and [131I]MEGMIB-5F7GGC with regard to internalization/residualization and affinity on HER2-expressing SKOV-3 ovarian carcinoma cells as well as biodistribution and metabolite distribution in athymic mice with subcutaneous SKOV-3 xenografts. RESULTS [131I]MEGMIB-5F7GGC had an immunoreactivity of 81.3% and Kd = 0.94 ± 0.27 nM. Internalization assays demonstrated high intracellular trapping for both conjugates, For example, at 1 h, intracellular retention was 50.30 ± 3.36% for [131I]MEGMIB-5F7GGC and 55.95 ± 3.27% for iso-[125I]SGMIB-5F7, while higher retention was seen for iso-[125I]SGMIB-5F7 at later time points. Peak tumor uptake was similar for both conjugates (8.35 ± 2.66%ID/g and 8.43 ± 2.84%ID/g for iso-[125I]SGMIB-5F7 and [131I]MEGMIB-5F7GGC at 1 h, respectively); however, more rapid normal tissue clearance was seen for [131I]MEGMIB-5F7GGC, with a 2-fold higher tumor-to-kidney ratio and a 3-fold higher tumor-to-liver ratio compared with co-injected iso-[125I]SGMIB-5F7. Consisted with this, generation of labeled catabolites in the kidneys was higher for [131I]MEGMIB-5F7GGC. CONCLUSION [131I]MEGMIB-5F7GGC offers similar tumor targeting as iso-[125I]SGMIB-5F7 but with generally lower normal tissue uptake. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATION FOR PATIENT CARE The site specific nature of the [131I]MEGMIB reagent may facilitate clinical translation, particularly for sdAb with compromised affinity after random labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Feng
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Zhengyuan Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Darryl McDougald
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Rebecca L Meshaw
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Michael R Zalutsky
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Mushtaq S, Park SH. Efficient 125I-radiolabeling of biomolecules using a strain-promoted oxidation-controlled cyclooctyne-1,2-quinone cycloaddition reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:415-418. [PMID: 31821393 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08982a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel 1,2-catechol based radioiodinated precursor for radioiodination of bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne (BCN) installed biologically active molecules using a strain-promoted oxidation-controlled cyclooctyne-1,2-quinone cycloaddition reaction (SPOCQ) under ambient conditions. Compared to the reported methodologies, the new strategy demonstrates some clear advantages, including high in vitro and in vivo stability, high radiochemical yield, and exceptionally fast reaction kinetics at micro-molar concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Mushtaq
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk 56212, Republic of Korea.
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Chitneni SK, Koumarianou E, Vaidyanathan G, Zalutsky MR. Observations on the Effects of Residualization and Dehalogenation on the Utility of N-Succinimidyl Ester Acylation Agents for Radioiodination of the Internalizing Antibody Trastuzumab. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213907. [PMID: 31671554 PMCID: PMC6864793 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trastuzumab is an antibody used for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-overexpressing breast cancers. Since trastuzumab is an internalizing antibody, two factors could play an important role in achieving high uptake and prolonged retention of radioactivity in HER2-positive tumors after radioiodination-residualizing capacity after receptor-mediated internalization and susceptibility to dehalogenation. To evaluate the contribution of these two factors, trastuzumab was radiolabeled using the residualizing reagent N-succinimidyl 4-guanidinomethyl-3-[*I]iodobenzoate ([*I]SGMIB) and the nonresidualizing reagent N-succinimidyl-3-[*I]iodobenzoate ([*I]SIB), both of which are highly dehalogenation-resistant. Paired-label uptake and intracellular retention of [125I]SGMIB-trastuzumab and [131I]SIB-trastuzumab was compared on HER2-expressing BT474 human breast carcinoma cells. Tumor uptake and normal tissue distribution characteristics for the two labeled conjugates were assessed in mice bearing BT474M1 xenografts. The internalization and intracellular retention of initially-bound radioactivity in BT474 cells was similar for the two labeled conjugates up to 4 h, but were significantly higher for [125I]SGMIB-trastuzumab at 6 and 24 h. Similarly, [*I]SGMIB labeling resulted in significantly higher uptake and retention of radioactivity in BT474M1 xenografts at all studied time points. Moreover, tumor-to-tissue ratios for [125I]SGMIB-trastuzumab were consistently higher than those for [131I]SIB-trastuzumab starting at 12 h postinjection. Thus, optimal targeting of HER2-positive breast cancers with a radioiodinated trastuzumab conjugate requires an acylation agent that imparts residualizing capacity in addition to high stability towards dehalogenation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish K Chitneni
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Eftychia Koumarianou
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
- ABX-CRO Advanced Pharmaceutical Services, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | | | - Michael R Zalutsky
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Vivier D, Sharma SK, Zeglis BM. Understanding the in vivo fate of radioimmunoconjugates for nuclear imaging. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:672-692. [PMID: 29665104 PMCID: PMC6432633 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 25 years, antibodies have emerged as extraordinarily promising vectors for the delivery of radionuclides to tumors for nuclear imaging. While radioimmunoconjugates often produce very high activity concentrations in target tissues, they also are frequently characterized by elevated activity concentrations in healthy organs as well. The root of this background uptake lies in the complex network of biological interactions between the radioimmunoconjugate and the subject. In this review, we seek to provide an overview of these interactions and thus paint a general picture of the in vivo fate of radioimmunoconjugates. To cover the entire story, we have divided our discussion into 2 parts. First, we will address the path of the entire radioimmunoconjugate as it travels through the body. And second, we will cover the fate of the radionuclide itself, as its course can diverge from the antibody under certain circumstances. Ultimately, our goal is to provide the nuclear imaging field with a resource covering these important-yet often underestimated-pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Vivier
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sai Kiran Sharma
- Department of Radiology and the Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian M. Zeglis
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology and the Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Pruszynski M, Kang CM, Koumarianou E, Vaidyanathan G, Zalutsky MR. d-Amino Acid Peptide Residualizing Agents for Protein Radioiodination: Effect of Aspartate for Glutamate Substitution. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051223. [PMID: 29783774 PMCID: PMC6099567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The residualizing prosthetic agent Nε-(3-[*I]iodobenzoyl)-Lys5-Nα-maleimido-Gly1-d-GEEEK ([*I]IB-Mal-d-GEEEK) showed promise for the radioiodination of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that bind to internalizing molecular targets. Although enhanced tumor uptake was achieved in these studies, elevated kidney accumulation also was observed, particularly with low-molecular-weight, single-domain antibody fragments (sdAbs). Here, we developed an analogous agent (IB-Mal-d-GDDDK), in which glutamate residues (E) were replaced with aspartates (D) to determine whether this modification could decrease renal uptake. [125I]IB-Mal-d-GDDDK and [131I]IB-Mal-d-GEEEK were synthesized with similar radiochemical yields (60–80%) and coupled to the anti-HER2 sdAb 5F7 at 50–60% efficiency. Paired-label internalization assays in vitro indicated similar levels of intracellular activity residualization in HER2-expressing BT474M1 cells for [125I]IB-Mal-d-GDDDK-5F7 and [131I]IB-Mal-d-GEEEK-5F7. A paired-label biodistribution comparison of the two labeled conjugates was performed in mice with HER2-expressing SKOV-3 xenografts, and the results of this study indicated that renal uptake at 1 h was 127.5 ± 18.7% ID/g and 271.4 ± 66.6% ID/g for [125I]IB-Mal-d-GDDDK-5F7 and [131I]IB-Mal-d-GEEEK-5F7, respectively. The tumor uptake of the two radioconjugates was not significantly different. These results demonstrate that substitution of E with D in the IB-Mal-d-GEEEK construct reduced kidney accumulation of the sdAb. However, renal activity levels need to be reduced further if d-amino acid derived prosthetic agents are to be of practical value for labeling low molecular weight biomolecules such as sdAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pruszynski
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
- Present address: Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Choong Mo Kang
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
- Present address: Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Eftychia Koumarianou
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
- Present address: Laboratory for Translational and Molecular Imaging, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
| | | | - Michael R Zalutsky
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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