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Ejaz HW, Wang W, Lang M. Copper Toxicity Links to Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Therapeutics Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7660. [PMID: 33081348 PMCID: PMC7589751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, age-related progressive neurological disorder, and the most common type of dementia in aged people. Neuropathological lesions of AD are neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and senile plaques comprise the accumulated amyloid-beta (Aβ), loaded with metal ions including Cu, Fe, or Zn. Some reports have identified metal dyshomeostasis as a neurotoxic factor of AD, among which Cu ions seem to be a central cationic metal in the formation of plaque and soluble oligomers, and have an essential role in the AD pathology. Cu-Aβ complex catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and results in oxidative damage. Several studies have indicated that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD. The connection of copper levels in AD is still ambiguous, as some researches indicate a Cu deficiency, while others show its higher content in AD, and therefore there is a need to increase and decrease its levels in animal models, respectively, to study which one is the cause. For more than twenty years, many in vitro studies have been devoted to identifying metals' roles in Aβ accumulation, oxidative damage, and neurotoxicity. Towards the end, a short review of the modern therapeutic approach in chelation therapy, with the main focus on Cu ions, is discussed. Despite the lack of strong proofs of clinical advantage so far, the conjecture that using a therapeutic metal chelator is an effective strategy for AD remains popular. However, some recent reports of genetic-regulating copper transporters in AD models have shed light on treating this refractory disease. This review aims to succinctly present a better understanding of Cu ions' current status in several AD features, and some conflicting reports are present herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafza Wajeeha Ejaz
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth WA6027, Australia;
| | - Minglin Lang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China;
- College of Life Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
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Ghazala RA, El Medney A, Meleis A, Mohie El Dien P, Samir H. Role of anti-inflammatory interventions in high-fat-diet-induced obesity. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 34:e4743. [PMID: 31715013 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Lipotoxicity is defined as deposition of excess fat associated with an inflammatory response. Metabolomic analysis of fatty acids (FAs) can be a marker of silent inflammation. ω3-Enriched diet, celecoxib, and safranal may have a protective anti-inflammatory role. In this work, total FAs extracted from red blood cells and arachidonic acid-to-eicosapentaenoic acid (AA-to-EPA) ratios were assessed using GC-MS assay in single-ion monitoring mode. The study was conducted on 64 male rats divided into eight groups: I, controls; II, rats received high-fat diet (HFD), III, rats received ω-6-enriched HFD; IV, rats received ω-3-enriched HFD; V, rats received celecoxib with HFD; VI, rats received safranal with HFD; VII and VIII, rats received celecoxib and safranal with ω-3 HFD, respectively. GC-MS Gas chromatography Mass spectrometry was performed for analysis of fatty acid methyl ester. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) concentrations. A statistically significant decrease of AA-to-EPA ratio was observed in group VII when compared with the groups receiving HFDs. This group also showed the lowest serum IL-6 level and highest TGF-β1 level. In conclusion, ω3-enriched diet along with drugs (e.g. celecoxib) and herbal medications (e.g. safranal) may have an anti-inflammatory effect in lipotoxicity. GC-MS with single-ion monitoring is valid for the analysis of FAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Azza El Medney
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Anisa Meleis
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Passant Mohie El Dien
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hend Samir
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Haque MR, Ansari SH. Aromatic aldehyde compound cuminaldehyde protects nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats feeding high fat diet. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:823-832. [PMID: 30974975 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119842248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is caused by fat accumulation and is related with obesity and oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the effect of cuminaldehyde on NAFLD in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Male Wistar rats were fed a HFD for 42 days to induce NAFLD. The progression of NAFLD was evaluated by histology and measuring liver enzymes (alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase), serum and hepatic lipids (total triglycerides and total cholesterol), and oxidative stress markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase). The HFD feeding increased the liver weight and caused NAFLD, liver steatosis, hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, and elevated liver enzymes. Administration of cuminaldehyde ameliorated the changes in hepatic morphology and liver weight, decreased levels of liver enzymes, and inhibited lipogenesis. Our findings suggest that cuminaldehyde could improve HFD-induced NAFLD via abolishment of hepatic oxidative damage and hyperlipidemia. Cuminaldehyde might be considered as a potential aromatic compound in the treatment of NAFLD and obesity through the modulation of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Haque
- 1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India.,2 HIMT College of Pharmacy, Gr. Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S H Ansari
- 1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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Martins AR, Crisma AR, Masi LN, Amaral CL, Marzuca-Nassr GN, Bomfim LH, Teodoro BG, Queiroz AL, Serdan TD, Torres RP, Mancini-Filho J, Rodrigues AC, Alba-Loureiro TC, Pithon-Curi TC, Gorjao R, Silveira LR, Curi R, Newsholme P, Hirabara SM. Attenuation of obesity and insulin resistance by fish oil supplementation is associated with improved skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in mice fed a high-fat diet. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 55:76-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Bagheri S, Squitti R, Haertlé T, Siotto M, Saboury AA. Role of Copper in the Onset of Alzheimer's Disease Compared to Other Metals. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 9:446. [PMID: 29472855 PMCID: PMC5810277 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by amyloid plaques in patients' brain tissue. The plaques are mainly made of β-amyloid peptides and trace elements including Zn2+, Cu2+, and Fe2+. Some studies have shown that AD can be considered a type of metal dyshomeostasis. Among metal ions involved in plaques, numerous studies have focused on copper ions, which seem to be one of the main cationic elements in plaque formation. The involvement of copper in AD is controversial, as some studies show a copper deficiency in AD, and consequently a need to enhance copper levels, while other data point to copper overload and therefore a need to reduce copper levels. In this paper, the role of copper ions in AD and some contradictory reports are reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soghra Bagheri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Thomas Haertlé
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Equipe Fonctions et Interactions des Protéines, Nantes, France
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Ali A. Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Li M, Zhai S, Xie Q, Tian L, Li X, Zhang J, Ye H, Zhu Y, Yang L, Wang W. Effects of Dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA Ratios on Lipid Levels and Fatty Acid Profile of Cherry Valley Ducks at 15-42 Days of Age. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9995-10002. [PMID: 29084426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio on growth performance, serum and tissue lipid levels, fatty acid profile, and hepatic expression of fatty acid synthesis genes in ducks. A total of 3168 15-day old ducks were fed different n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios: 13:1 (control), 10:1, 8:1, 6:1, 4:1, and 2:1. The feeding trial lasted 4 weeks. Our results revealed that dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios had no effects on growth performance. The 2:1 group had the highest serum triglyceride levels. Serum total cholesterol and HDL levels were higher in the 13:1 and 8:1 groups than in the 6:1 and 2:1 groups. The concentration of C18:3n-3 in serum and tissues (liver and muscle) increased with decreasing dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios. The hepatic expression of FADS2, ELOVL5, FADS1, and ELOVL2 increased on a quadratic function with decreasing dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios. These results demonstrate that lower dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios had strong effects on the fatty acid profile of edible parts and the deposition of n-3 PUFAs in adipose tissue of ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science and College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science and College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qiang Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science and College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lu Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science and College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaocun Li
- Henan Huaying Agriculture Development Co., Ltd, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Henan Huaying Agriculture Development Co., Ltd, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science and College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongwen Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science and College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science and College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wence Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science and College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, China
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Martin JM, Miranda RA, Barella LF, Palma-Rigo K, Alves VS, Fabricio GS, Pavanello A, Franco CCDS, Ribeiro TA, Visentainer JV, Banafé EG, Martin CA, Mathias PCDF, de Oliveira JC. Maternal Diet Supplementation with n-6/n-3 Essential Fatty Acids in a 1.2 : 1.0 Ratio Attenuates Metabolic Dysfunction in MSG-Induced Obese Mice. Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:9242319. [PMID: 28050167 PMCID: PMC5165167 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9242319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) prevent cardiometabolic diseases. We aimed to study whether a diet supplemented with a mixture of n-6/n-3 PUFAs, during perinatal life, attenuates outcomes of long-term metabolic dysfunction in prediabetic and obese mice. Seventy-day-old virgin female mice were mated. From the conception day, dams were fed a diet supplemented with sunflower oil and flaxseed powder (containing an n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio of 1.2 : 1.0) throughout pregnancy and lactation, while control dams received a commercial diet. Newborn mice were treated with monosodium L-glutamate (MSG, 4 mg g-1 body weight per day) for the first 5 days of age. A batch of weaned pups was sacrificed to quantify the brain and pancreas total lipids; another batch were fed a commercial diet until 90 days of age, where glucose homeostasis and glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) as well as retroperitoneal fat and Lee index were assessed. MSG-treated mice developed obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, pancreatic islet dysfunction, and higher fat stores. Maternal flaxseed diet-supplementation decreased n-6/n-3 PUFAs ratio in the brain and pancreas and blocked glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, GIIS impairment, and obesity development. The n-6/n-3 essential PUFAs in a ratio of 1.2 : 1.0 supplemented in maternal diet during pregnancy and lactation prevent metabolic dysfunction in MSG-obesity model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Morais Martin
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Rosiane Aparecida Miranda
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Barella
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Kesia Palma-Rigo
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Vander Silva Alves
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Sergio Fabricio
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Audrei Pavanello
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiane Aparecida Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Júlio Cezar de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Genética e Biologia Celular, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, 78557-267 Sinop, MT, Brazil
- *Júlio Cezar de Oliveira:
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Nutrition-dependent changes of mouse adipose tissue compositions monitored by NMR, MS, and chromatographic methods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5113-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8551-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Shinagawa FB, Santana FCD, Mancini-Filho J. Efeito do óleo de semente de uva prensado a frio nos marcadores bioquímicos e perfil inflamatório de ratos. REV NUTR 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1415-52732015000100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do consumo crônico do óleo de semente de uva, obtido do mercado brasileiro, nos marcadores bioquímicos e inflamatórios de ratos saudáveis. Métodos: Ratos Wistar, recém-desmamados e saudáveis, receberam por 65 dias óleo de semente de uva e soja em duas concentrações (3 e 6 mL/kg de peso corporal). Os parâmetros avaliados foram a ingestão alimentar, peso corporal e dos tecidos hepático, cerebral e adiposo retroperitonial; neste último, foi ainda realizado o perfil de ácidos graxos. A análise dos parâmetros bioquímicos, peroxidação lipídica e perfil inflamatório através da quantificação das citocinas TNF-α, IL-10 e IL-6 foi realizada no soro. Resultados: O óleo de semente de uva, independentemente da dose administrada, promoveu maior acúmulo de gordura no tecido hepático e aumento nos níveis de peroxidação lipídica do soro. Verificou-se que, quando consumido na maior dose, houve maior incorporação do ácido graxo linoleico no tecido adiposo retroperitonial. Modificações nos parâmetros bioquímicos e inflamatórios séricos não foram observadas. Conclusão: O consumo de óleo de semente de uva não provocou alterações metabólicas significantes em nenhuma das doses administradas ainda que se tenha observado uma elevação nos níveis de peroxidação lipídica sérica.
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