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Qu B, Yan S, Ao Y, Chen X, Zheng X, Cui W. The relationship between vitamin K and T2DM: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Funct 2023; 14:8951-8963. [PMID: 37724446 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02943c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown the potential role of vitamin K supplementation in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. However, the effect of vitamin K supplementation on blood glucose remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of vitamin K supplementation on glycemia-related indicators, including Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Fasting Insulin (FINS) and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). The potential association between vitamin K and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk was also evaluated. Methods: Up to April 2023, Cochrane, PubMed, Web of Science, Medline and EMBASE databases were searched to assess the effects of vitamin K on blood glucose and the risk of developing T2DM. Results: A meta-analysis of seven studies (813 participants) found vitamin K supplementation significantly reduced FBS (SMD = -0.150 mg dl-1, 95% CI = -0.290, -0.010 mg dl-1) and HOMA-IR (SMD = -0.200, 95% CI = -0.330, -0.060), but not FINS. Five studies with a total of 105 798 participants were included in the meta-analysis of the association between vitamin K and T2DM. The results showed that vitamin K was associated with the reduced risk of developing T2DM (HR = 0.79, 95% CI [0.71-0.88], P < 0.001). Conclusion: The meta-analysis demonstrated that vitamin K supplementation had a significant effect on the regulation of FBS and HOMA-IR in the population. Moreover, vitamin K was associated with the reduced risk of developing T2DM. Considering some limitations found in this study, additional data from large clinical trials are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Qu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Shoumeng Yan
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanrong Ao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xingyang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Xiangyu Zheng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Weiwei Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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AlMajed HT, Abu-Farha M, Alshawaf E, Devarajan S, Alsairafi Z, Elhelaly A, Cherian P, Al-Khairi I, Ali H, Jose RM, Thanaraj TA, Al-Ozairi E, Al-Mulla F, Al Attar A, Abubaker J. Increased Levels of Circulating IGFBP4 and ANGPTL8 with a Prospective Role in Diabetic Nephropathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14244. [PMID: 37762544 PMCID: PMC10531667 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a complicated condition related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). ANGPTL8 is a hepatic protein highlighted as a risk factor for DN in patients with T2D; additionally, recent evidence from DN studies supports the involvement of growth hormone/IGF/IGF-binding protein axis constituents. The potential link between ANGPTL8 and IGFBPs in DN has not been explored before. Here, we assessed changes in the circulating ANGPTL8 levels in patients with DN and its association with IGFBP-1, -3, and -4. Our data revealed a significant rise in circulating ANGPTL8 in people with DN, 4443.35 ± 396 ng/mL compared to 2059.73 ± 216 ng/mL in people with T2D (p < 0.001). Similarly, levels of IGFBP-3 and -4 were significantly higher in people with DN compared to the T2D group. Interestingly, the rise in ANGPTL8 levels correlated positively with IGFBP-4 levels in T2DM patients with DN (p < 0.001) and this significant correlation disappeared in T2DM patients without DN. It also correlated positively with serum creatinine and negatively with the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, All < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the combination of ANGPTL8 and IGFBP4 was 0.76 (0.69-0.84), p < 0.001, and the specificity was 85.9%. In conclusion, our results showed a significant increase in ANGPTL8 in patients with DN that correlated exclusively with IGFBP-4, implicating a potential role of both proteins in the pathophysiology of DN. Our findings highlight the significance of these biomarkers, suggesting them as promising diagnostic molecules for the detection of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Th. AlMajed
- Applied Health Science Department, College of Health Sciences, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Mohamed Abu-Farha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait; (E.A.); (P.C.); (I.A.-K.)
| | - Eman Alshawaf
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait; (E.A.); (P.C.); (I.A.-K.)
| | - Sriraman Devarajan
- National Dasman Diabetes Biobank, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait; (S.D.); (R.M.J.)
| | - Zahra Alsairafi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Ashraf Elhelaly
- Clinical Laboratory, Amiri Hospital Kuwait, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Preethi Cherian
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait; (E.A.); (P.C.); (I.A.-K.)
| | - Irina Al-Khairi
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait; (E.A.); (P.C.); (I.A.-K.)
| | - Hamad Ali
- Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait; (H.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait
| | - Rose Mol Jose
- National Dasman Diabetes Biobank, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait; (S.D.); (R.M.J.)
| | | | - Ebaa Al-Ozairi
- Medical Division, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait; (H.A.); (T.A.T.); (F.A.-M.)
| | - Abdulnabi Al Attar
- Diabetology Unit, Amiri Hospital, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Jehad Abubaker
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait 15462, Kuwait; (E.A.); (P.C.); (I.A.-K.)
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3
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Karamzad N, Faraji E, Adeli S, Sullman MJM, Pourghassem Gargari B. The effect of menaquinone-7 supplementation on dp-ucMGP, PIVKAII, inflammatory markers, and body composition in type 2 diabetes patients: a randomized clinical trial. Nutr Diabetes 2022; 12:15. [PMID: 35365594 PMCID: PMC8976086 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-022-00192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common disorder that is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and chronic inflammation, which also have a reinforcing effect on each other. The present research studied the effects of menaquinone (MK-7) supplementation on serum dp-ucMGP (dephospho uncarboxylated Matrix Gla Protein), PIVKAII (Prothrombin Induced by Vitamin K Absence), inflammatory markers and body composition indices in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS This 12-week double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial allocated 60 T2DM patients equally into a MK-7 (200 mcg/day) group or a placebo group. All patients also received dietary advice at the beginning of study and their dietary intakes were checked using a 3-day food record. The body composition of each patient was also measured and their vitamin K status was assessed using the ELISA method to measure serum dp-ucMGP and PIVKAII. In addition, inflammatory status indices were also measured, including hsCRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), IL-6 (interleukin-6) and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha). All measurements were made both before and after the intervention period. RESULTS In total 45 patients completed the trial (MK-7 group = 23 and placebo group = 22). The calorie and macronutrient intake of the two groups were similar pre and post intervention. There were statistically significant increases in dietary vitamin K intake for both groups over the course of the study (p < 0.05), but the intergroup differences were not significant. The body composition indices (i.e., body fat percentage, fat mass, fat free mass, muscle mass, bone mass and total body water) were not significantly different between groups or across the trial. The serum levels of the vitamin K markers, PIVKAII and dp-ucMGP, decreased significantly in the MK-7 group over the course of the study (p < 0.05), but there was no decrease in the placebo group. However, after adjusting for the baseline levels and changes in vitamin K intake, the between group differences were only significant for PIVKAII (p < 0.05). Following the intervention, the serum levels of the inflammatory markers (hsCRP, IL-6, and TNF-α) were significantly lower in the MK-7 group (p < 0.05), but not in the placebo group. However, the between group differences in the inflammatory markers were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Although further studies are needed, it appears that MK-7 supplementation can be effective in improving PIVKAII levels, but not for improving dp-ucMGP, inflammatory status or the body composition indices of T2DM patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER This study was prospectively registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials on the 20th of May 2019 (ID: IRCT20100123003140N22).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Karamzad
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Faraji
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Adeli
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mark J M Sullman
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.,Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Karamzad N, Maleki V, Carson-Chahhoud K, Azizi S, Sahebkar A, Gargari BP. A systematic review on the mechanisms of vitamin K effects on the complications of diabetes and pre-diabetes. Biofactors 2020; 46:21-37. [PMID: 31573736 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes are prevalent endocrine disorders associated with substantial morbidity and premature mortality. Vitamin K is known to have several beneficial effects on complications of diabetes and pre-diabetes. However, systematic consolidation of evidence is required to quantify these effects in order to inform clinical practice and research. A systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases was undertaken from database inception up to October 2018 to evaluate functional roles of different forms of vitamin K on diabetes and pre-diabetes. From 3,734 identified records, nine articles met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated. Vitamin K supplementation was found to be associated with significant reductions in blood glucose (six studies), increased fasting serum insulin (four studies), reduced hemoglobin A1c (three studies), reduced homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (two studies), and increased ß-cell function (two studies) in diabetic animal studies. Following 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, vitamin K supplementation was observed to be effective in reducing blood glucose and insulin levels in the pre-diabetic population. However, no evidence of effect was observed for fasting blood sugar, insulin, HOMA-IR, and homeostatic model assessment-β-cell function index (two studies). A statistically significant effect was also noted with vitamin K in improving dyslipidemia (three studies) as well as oxidative stress and inflammatory markers (five studies) in diabetic animals. In conclusion, clinical trials and animal studies confirm that vitamin K supplementation may improve both clinical features and complications of diabetes and pre-diabetes. However, quantification of clinical efficacy in the pre-diabetic population and among individuals with comorbidities requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Karamzad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Maleki
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kristin Carson-Chahhoud
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Samaneh Azizi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Karamzad N, Faraji E, Adeli S, Carson‐Chahhoud K, Azizi S, Pourghassem Gargari B. Effects of MK-7 Supplementation on Glycemic Status, Anthropometric Indices and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2239-2249. [PMID: 32617013 PMCID: PMC7326202 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s253014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent disorder which accounts for 90-95% of diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of menaquinone (MK-7) supplementation on glycemic indices, anthropometric indices and lipid profile, among patients with T2DM. METHODS In this double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, 60 men and women with T2DM were allocated equally into either the MK-7 (200 µg/day) or the placebo group. Physical activity level and dietary intake were assessed using the international physical activity questionnaire-short form (IPAQ-SF) and a 3-day food record, pre- and post-intervention. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, glycemic indices and lipid profile including fasting blood sugar (FBS), hemoglobin A1c (HBA1C), fasting insulin (FI), homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were measured at baseline and after twelve weeks. RESULTS Forty-five patients completed the trial. There were no significant between-group differences for calorie intake, macronutrient intake, physical activity level or anthropometric measures at baseline and at the end of the study. Dietary vitamin K intake increased significantly at the end of the study in the MK-7 (p: 0.02) and placebo (p: 0.001) groups, but intergroup differences were not significant (p: 0.86). FBS (p: 0.01), HbA1c (p: 0.002), fasting insulin (p: 0.01) and HOMA-IR (p: 0.007) decreased significantly in the MK-7 group. Furthermore, after adjustment for the baseline values and changes of vitamin K intake at the end of study, FBS and HbA1C showed significant intergroup changes, and they were significantly lower in the MK-7 group compared to the placebo group. Lipid profile (TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C) did not change significantly within or between groups. CONCLUSION MK-7 supplementation seems to be effective in the improvement of glycemic indices, but not the lipid profile of patients with T2DM. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The present study was prospectively registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials on May 2019 (ID: IRCT20100123003140N22).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Karamzad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Faraji
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Adeli
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kristin Carson‐Chahhoud
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Samaneh Azizi
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Correspondence: Bahram Pourghassem Gargari Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Email
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Hussein AG, Mohamed RH, Shalaby SM, Abd El Motteleb DM. Vitamin K 2 alleviates type 2 diabetes in rats by induction of osteocalcin gene expression. Nutrition 2017; 47:33-38. [PMID: 29429532 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The biological mechanisms behind the association between vitamin K (Vit K) and glucose metabolism are uncertain. We aimed to analyze the expression of insulin 1 (Ins 1), insulin 2 (Ins 2) and cyclin D2, the expression of adiponectin and UCP-1 . In addition, we aimed to estimate the doses of Vit K2 able to affect various aspects of glucose and energy metabolism in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Thirty adult male rats were allocated equally into five groups: control group, diabetes mellitus group, and groups 3, 4, and 5, which received Vit K2 at three daily dose levels (10, 15, and 30 mg/kg, respectively) for 8 wk. At the end of the study, blood samples were collected to quantify total osteocalcin, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, and relevant variables. The expression of OC, Ins 1, Ins 2, cyclin D2, adiponectin, UCP-1 genes was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS After administration of Vit K2, a dose-dependent decrease in fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c and homeostatic model assessment method insulin resistance, and a dose-dependent increase in fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment method β cell function levels, when compared with diabetes mellitus rats, were detected. There was significant upregulation of OC, Ins 1, Ins 2, or cyclin D2 gene expression in the three treated groups in a dose-dependent manner when compared with the diabetic rats. However, expression of adiponectin and UCP-1 were significantly increased at the highest dose (30 mg/kg daily) only. CONCLUSIONS Vit K2 administration could improve glycemic status in type 2 diabetic rats by induction of OC gene expression. Osteocalcin could increase β-cell proliferation, energy expenditure, and adiponectin expression. Different concentrations of Vit K2 were required to affect glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atef G Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Randa H Mohamed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Sally M Shalaby
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Bhattacharjee N, Barma S, Konwar N, Dewanjee S, Manna P. Mechanistic insight of diabetic nephropathy and its pharmacotherapeutic targets: An update. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 791:8-24. [PMID: 27568833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a chronic complication of diabetes, is charecterized by glomerular hypertrophy, proteinuria, decreased glomerular filtration, and renal fibrosis resulting in the loss of renal function. Although the exact cause of DN remains unclear, several mechanisms have been postulated, such as hyperglycemia-induced renal hyper filtration and renal injury, AGEs-induced increased oxidative stress, activated PKC-induced increased production of cytokines, chemokines, and different inflammatory and apoptotic signals. Among various factors, oxidative stress has been suggested to play a major role underlying the onset and propagation of DN. It triggers several signaling pathways involved in DN, like AGEs, PKC cascade, JAK/STAT signaling, MAPK, mTOR, and SMAD. Oxidative stress-induced activation of both inflammatory and apoptotic signals are two major problems in the pathogenesis of DN. The FDA approved pharmacotherapeutic agents affecting against polyol pathway principally include anti-oxidants, like α-lipoic acid, vitamin E, and vitamin C. Kremezin and benfotiamine are the FDA approved AGEs inhibitors, another therapeutic target against DN. Ruboxistaurin, telmizartan, rapamycin, fenofibrate, aliskiren, and manidipine are some FDA approved pharmacotherapeutics effective against DN via diverse mechanisms. Beside this, some therapeutic agents are still waiting for FDA approval and few drugs without FDA approval are also prescribed in some countries for the management of DN. Despite the medications available in the market to treat DN, the involvement of multiple mechanisms makes it difficult to choose an optimum therapeutic agent. Therefore, much research is required to find out new therapeutic agent/strategies for an adequate pharmacotherapy of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloy Bhattacharjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sujata Barma
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Nandita Konwar
- Biological Science and Technology Division, CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Prasenjit Manna
- Biological Science and Technology Division, CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, Assam 785006, India.
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Sancar-Bas S, Gezginci-Oktayoglu S, Bolkent S. Exendin-4 attenuates renal tubular injury by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Growth Factors 2015; 33:419-29. [PMID: 26728502 DOI: 10.3109/08977194.2015.1125349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to research the restorative effects of exendin-4, a GLP-1 analog, on renal tubular injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetes model. BALB/c male mice were divided into four groups: non-diabetic, non-diabetic + exendin-4 (3 μg/kg), diabetic and diabetic + exendin-4. In our diabetic model, we observed renal injury mainly in tubular area rather than glomeruli and exendin-4 decreased tubular injury with its glucose lowering effect. Besides, PCNA positive tubular cells, activities of LDH and Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase were also significantly declined by the administration of exendin-4. Furthermore, exendin-4 attenuated the levels of ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β), chemokine MCP-1, ICAM-1, and fibrosis-related molecules (transforming growth factor β1 and fibronectin). In consistent with reducing tubular injury, macrophage infiltration and both MCP-1 and ICAM-1 production in tubular cells were decreased. These results indicate that exendin-4 may decrease renal tubular injury seen in the beginning of diabetic nephropathy by decreasing ROS production and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serap Sancar-Bas
- a Biology Department, Molecular Biology Section , Faculty of Science, Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Selda Gezginci-Oktayoglu
- a Biology Department, Molecular Biology Section , Faculty of Science, Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Sehnaz Bolkent
- a Biology Department, Molecular Biology Section , Faculty of Science, Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
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