1
|
Wu L, Ye S, Deng X, Fu Z, Li J, Yang C. Conjugated Linoleic Acid Ameliorates High Fat-Induced Insulin Resistance via Regulating Gut Microbiota-Host Metabolic and Immunomodulatory Interactions. Nutrients 2024; 16:1133. [PMID: 38674824 PMCID: PMC11053735 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Interaction between gut microbiota, host immunity and metabolism has been suggested to crucially affect the development of insulin resistance (IR). This study aims to investigate how gut microbiota, inflammatory responses and metabolism in individuals with IR are affected by the supplementation of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and how this subsequently affects the pathophysiology of IR by using a high-fat diet-induced IR mouse model. Serum biochemical indices showed that 400 mg/kg body weight of CLA effectively attenuated hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, glucose intolerance and IR, while also promoting antioxidant capacities. Histomorphology, gene and protein expression analysis revealed that CLA reduced fat deposition and inflammation, and enhanced fatty acid oxidation, insulin signaling and glucose transport in adipose tissue or liver. Hepatic transcriptome analysis confirmed that CLA inhibited inflammatory signaling pathways and promoted insulin, PI3K-Akt and AMPK signaling pathways, as well as linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, arginine and proline metabolism. Gut microbiome analysis further revealed that these effects were highly associated with the enriched bacteria that showed positive correlation with the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as well as the improved SCFAs production simultaneously. This study highlights the therapeutic actions of CLA on ameliorating IR via regulating microbiota-host metabolic and immunomodulatory interactions, which have important implications for IR control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linjun Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (X.D.)
| | - Shijie Ye
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (X.D.)
| | - Xiangfei Deng
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (X.D.)
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (X.D.)
| | - Jinjun Li
- Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Vegetables (Co-Construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Chunlei Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (X.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Defries D, Curtis K, Petkau JC, Shariati-Ievari S, Blewett H, Aliani M. Patterns of Alpha-Linolenic Acid Incorporation into Phospholipids in H4IIE Cells. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 106:109014. [PMID: 35461904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Alpha linolenic acid (ALA) is an 18-carbon essential fatty acid found in plant-based foods and oils. While much attention has been placed on conversion of ALA to long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, alternative routes of ALA metabolism exist and may lead to formation of other bioactive metabolites of ALA. The current study employed a non-targeted metabolomics approach to profile ALA metabolites that are significantly upregulated by ALA treatment. H4IIE hepatoma cells (n=3 samples per time point) were treated with 60 μM ALA or vehicle for 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 12 hours. Samples were then extracted with methanol and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. We observed selective changes in ALA incorporation into phospholipid classes and subclasses over the 12 hours following ALA treatment. While levels of specific molecular species of ALA-containing phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and lysophospholipids were elevated with ALA treatment, others were not affected. Of the phospholipids that were increased, some [e.g. PC(18:3/18:1), PC(18:3/18:4), PE(18:3/18:2), PE(18:3/18:3)] were elevated almost immediately after exposure to ALA, while others (e.g. PE(18:1/18:3) PA(18:3/22:6), and PA(18:3/18:2)] were not elevated until several hours after ALA treatment. Overall, these results suggest that ALA incorporation into phospholipids is selective and support a metabolic hierarchy for ALA incorporation into specific phospholipids. Given the functionality of phospholipids based on their fatty acid composition, future studies will need to investigate the implications of ALA incorporation into specific phospholipids on cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Defries
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Health, University of Winnipeg, 3D09 Duckworth Building, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3B 2E9.
| | - Kayla Curtis
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Room 209 Human Ecology Building, 35 Chancellor's Circle, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Jay C Petkau
- Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R2H 2A6; Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada, Route 100, Unit 100-101 Morden, Manitoba, Canada, R6M 1Y5
| | - Shiva Shariati-Ievari
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Room 209 Human Ecology Building, 35 Chancellor's Circle, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2; Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R2H 2A6
| | - Heather Blewett
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Room 209 Human Ecology Building, 35 Chancellor's Circle, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2; Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R2H 2A6; Morden Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada, Route 100, Unit 100-101 Morden, Manitoba, Canada, R6M 1Y5
| | - Michel Aliani
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Room 209 Human Ecology Building, 35 Chancellor's Circle, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2; Canadian Centre for Agri-food Research in Health and Medicine (CCARM), St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R2H 2A6; Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders (DND), St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Taché Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R2H 2A6.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ahn J, Kim MJ, Yoo A, Ahn J, Ha TY, Jung CH, Seo HD, Jang YJ. Identifying Codium fragile extract components and their effects on muscle weight and exercise endurance. Food Chem 2021; 353:129463. [PMID: 33743428 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Codium fragile (CF) is a type of green algae consumed as kimchi in Asia. UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis showed that CF contain lysophosphatidyl choline, canthaxanthin, retinoic acid, α-tocopherol, and unsaturated fatty acids, which reportedly improve skeletal muscle health. However, the effect of CF on skeletal muscle mass and function remains to be elucidated. In mice fed with CF extracts, exercise endurance and muscle weight increased. CF extracts enhanced protein synthesis and myogenic differentiation through the mTORC1 pathway. CF extracts also promoted oxidative muscle fiber formation and mitochondrial biogenesis through the PGC-1α-related signaling pathway. Upregulation of PGC-1α by CF extracts was abolished by EX527 SIRT1 inhibitor treatment. Changed signaling molecules in the CF extracts were partially regulated by canthaxanthin, a new compound in CF extracts, suggesting that canthaxanthin contribute synergistically to the effect of CF extracts. Therefore, CF is a potential food source for sport nutrition or prevention of sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jisong Ahn
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Healthcare Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahyoung Yoo
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Deok Seo
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Jang
- Natural Materials and Metabolism Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea; Major of Food Science & Technology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang X, Feng A, Yuan P, Fu Y, Bai Z, Zhou N, Zheng X. The total flavonoids from Selaginella tamariscina (beauv.) Spring improve glucose and lipid metabolism in db/db mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:1286-1292. [PMID: 33149860 PMCID: PMC7585538 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.40532.9594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the glucose and lipid metabolism improving effect of the total flavonoids from Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring (TFST) on db/db mice, and to study its mechanism of action. Materials and Methods The db/db mice were divided into 5 groups: the normal group (NC), the diabetic group (DM), the gliclazide group (GZ), the DM+TFST (110 mg/kg), and the DM+TFST (220 mg/kg). The body weight, blood glucose, INS, GC, TC, TG, LDL, and HDL were detected. HE staining was used to observe the liver and pancreas. Urine was tested by UPLC-QTOF-MS to study the metabolic differences of each group, coupled with SIMCA-P13.0 for PCA and OPLS-DA analysis, to identify potential biomarkers, find the metabolic pathway. Western blot was used to examine liver tissue of mice for studying effect of TFST on the PPAR-γ/PI3K/GLU4 pathway. Results TFST can reduce the weight and levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C, increase the level of GC in blood, and reduce the fat accumulation and inflammation in the liver, and repair the islet cell. 13 biomarkers were identified, they are mainly involved in amino acid metabolism, and purine and pyrimidine metabolism. The results of Western blot show TFST can improve the utilization rate of GLU4 by regulating PPAR-γ and PI3K expression in the liver of db/db mice. Conclusion TFST can improve glucose and lipid metabolism of DM, which relates to regulation of the PPAR-γ/PI3K/GLU4 signaling pathway, and affect the amino acid metabolism, purine, and pyrimidine metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aozi Feng
- First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Yuan
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiyao Bai
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stanisic J, Ivkovic T, Romic S, Zec M, Culafic T, Stojiljkovic M, Koricanac G. Beneficial effect of walnuts on vascular tone is associated with Akt signalling, voltage-dependent calcium channel LTCC and ATP-sensitive potassium channel Kv1.2. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:324-334. [PMID: 32693647 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1796931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Consumption of walnuts is beneficial for cardiovascular health. To study walnut effects on proteins involved in vascular tone regulation, control and fructose-fed rats were subjected to walnut diet for 6 weeks. In contrast with increased energy intake and body mass gain, aortic protein level of L-type calcium channel alpha subunit was decreased and the level of SUR2B subunit of ATP-sensitive K + channel was increased in healthy rats subjected to walnuts, together with improved Akt phosphorylation. Upon the walnut diet in rats subjected to fructose overload, the rise in energy intake and body mass gain, was followed by an increase in blood insulin. Although SUR2B level was elevated, the level of sodium-calcium exchanger NCX1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase were reduced and increased, respectively. In summary, walnut consumption was accompanied with moderate beneficial vascular effect in healthy rats, while an effect of walnut in rats with metabolic disturbances was rather controversial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Stanisic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade
| | - Tamara Ivkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade
| | - Snjezana Romic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade
| | - Manja Zec
- Centre of Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade
| | - Tijana Culafic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade
| | - Mojca Stojiljkovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade
| | - Goran Koricanac
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade
| |
Collapse
|