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Al Zoubi MS, Al-Oun MA, Abusahyoun FY, Abualarja MI, Al Smadi A, Al-Trad B, Awadin SA, Al-Batayneh K, Elaarag M, Al-Zoubi RM. Exploring the Impact of Cigarette Smoke Extracts on Vitamin B 12: Insights into the Transformation of Methylcobalamin and Hydroxycobalamin to Cyanocobalamin through In Vitro Evaluation. Biochem Res Int 2024; 2024:8827402. [PMID: 38665151 PMCID: PMC11045288 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8827402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a water-soluble molecule required for the proper functioning of metabolism, blood and DNA synthesis, and neurological development. Vitamin B12 exists in several forms: methylcobalamin (MeCbl), adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl), hydroxycobalamin (OHCbl), and cyanocobalamin (CNCbl). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoke on the chemical structure of methylcobalamin and hydroxycobalamin forms of vitamin B12. MeCbl and OHCbl were markedly affected by exposure to cigarette smoke. The resemblance of the Rt between MeCbl and OHCbl and CNCbl indicates that exposure to cigarette smoke extracts chemically alters MeCbl and OHCbl to CNCbl, warranting in vivo research investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Salim Al Zoubi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid 211-63, Jordan
| | - Mus'aab A. Al-Oun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid 211-63, Jordan
| | - Fatima Yacoub Abusahyoun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid 211-63, Jordan
| | - Manal Issam Abualarja
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid 211-63, Jordan
| | - Asmaa Al Smadi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid 211-63, Jordan
| | - Bahaa Al-Trad
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid 211-63, Jordan
| | - Sura A. Awadin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid 211-63, Jordan
| | - Khalid Al-Batayneh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid 211-63, Jordan
| | - Mai Elaarag
- Surgical Research Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Raed M. Al-Zoubi
- Surgical Research Section, Department of Surgery, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Chemistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Sugandhi VV, Pangeni R, Vora LK, Poudel S, Nangare S, Jagwani S, Gadhave D, Qin C, Pandya A, Shah P, Jadhav K, Mahajan HS, Patravale V. Pharmacokinetics of vitamin dosage forms: A complete overview. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:48-83. [PMID: 38268871 PMCID: PMC10804103 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamins are crucial for sustaining life because they play an essential role in numerous physiological processes. Vitamin deficiencies can lead to a wide range of severe health issues. In this context, there is a need to administer vitamin supplements through appropriate routes, such as the oral route, to ensure effective treatment. Therefore, understanding the pharmacokinetics of vitamins provides critical insights into absorption, distribution, and metabolism, all of which are essential for achieving the desired pharmacological response. In this review paper, we present information on vitamin deficiencies and emphasize the significance of understanding vitamin pharmacokinetics for improved clinical research. The pharmacokinetics of several vitamins face various challenges, and thus, this work briefly outlines the current issues and their potential solutions. We also discuss the feasibility of enhanced nanocarrier-based pharmaceutical formulations for delivering vitamins. Recent studies have shown a preference for nanoformulations, which can address major limitations such as stability, solubility, absorption, and toxicity. Ultimately, the pharmacokinetics of pharmaceutical dosage forms containing vitamins can impede the treatment of diseases and disorders related to vitamin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rudra Pangeni
- Department of PharmaceuticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | | | - Sagun Poudel
- Department of PharmaceuticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Sopan Nangare
- Department of PharmaceuticsH. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchShirpurMaharashtraIndia
| | - Satveer Jagwani
- KLE College of PharmacyKLE Academy of Higher Education and ResearchBelagaviKarnatakaIndia
| | - Dnyandev Gadhave
- Department of PharmaceuticsSinhgad Technical Education SocietySinhgad Institute of PharmacyPuneMaharashtraIndia
| | - Chaolong Qin
- Department of PharmaceuticsVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Anjali Pandya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and TechnologyInstitute of Chemical TechnologyMumbaiIndia
| | - Purav Shah
- Thoroughbred Remedies ManufacturingTRM Industrial EstateNewbridgeIreland
| | - Kiran Jadhav
- KLE College of PharmacyKLE Academy of Higher Education and ResearchBelagaviKarnatakaIndia
| | - Hitendra S. Mahajan
- Department of PharmaceuticsR. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchShirpurMaharashtraIndia
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and TechnologyInstitute of Chemical TechnologyMumbaiIndia
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Quispe Haro JJ, Wegner SV. An Adenosylcobalamin Specific Whole-Cell Biosensor. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300835. [PMID: 37070155 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is essential for human health and its deficiency results in anemia and neurological damage. Vitamin B12 exists in different forms with various bioactivity but most sensors are unable to discriminate between them. Here, a whole-cell agglutination assay that is specific for adenosylcobalamin (AboB12), which is one of two bioactive forms, is reported. This biosensor consists of Escherichia coli that express the AdoB12 specific binding domain of CarH at their surface. In the presence of AdoB12, CarH forms tetramers, which leads to specific bacterial cell-cell adhesions and agglutination. These CarH tetramers disassemble upon green light illumination such that reversion of the bacterial aggregation can serve as internal quality control. The agglutination assay has a detection limit of 500 nм AdoB12, works in protein-poor biofluids such as urine, and has high specificity to AdoB12 over other forms of vitamin B12 as also demonstrated with commercially available supplements. This work is a proof of concept for a cheap and easy-to-readout AdoB12 sensor that can be implemented at the point-of-care to monitor high-dose vitamin B12 supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Quispe Haro
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Seraphine V Wegner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Münster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Skalny AV, Zaitseva IP, Gluhcheva YG, Skalny AA, Achkasov EE, Skalnaya MG, Tinkov AA. Cobalt in athletes: hypoxia and doping - new crossroads. J Appl Biomed 2019; 17:28. [DOI: 10.32725/jab.2018.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Fukuwatari T. Egg as a Source of Vitamins Supplies. J JPN SOC FOOD SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.3136/nskkk.65.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Pannérec A, Migliavacca E, De Castro A, Michaud J, Karaz S, Goulet L, Rezzi S, Ng TP, Bosco N, Larbi A, Feige JN. Vitamin B12 deficiency and impaired expression of amnionless during aging. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:41-52. [PMID: 29159972 PMCID: PMC5803611 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical frailty and loss of mobility in elderly individuals lead to reduced independence, quality of life, and increased mortality. Vitamin B12 deficiency has been linked to several age-related chronic diseases, including in the musculo-skeletal system, where vitamin B12 deficiency is generally believed to be linked to poor nutritional intake. In the present study, we asked whether aging and frailty associate with altered vitamin B12 homeostasis in humans and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms using preclinical models. METHODS We analysed a subset of the Singapore Longitudinal Aging Study and stratified 238 participants based on age and Fried frailty criteria. Levels of methyl-malonic acid (MMA), a marker for vitamin B12 deficiency, and amnionless, the vitamin B12 co-receptor that anchors the vitamin B12 transport complex to the membrane of epithelial cells, were measured in plasma. In addition, vitamin B12 levels and the molecular mechanisms of vitamin B12 uptake and excretion were analysed in ileum, kidney, liver, and blood using a rat model of natural aging where nutritional intake is fully controlled. RESULTS We demonstrate that aging and frailty are associated with a higher prevalence of functional vitamin B12 deficiency that can be detected by increased levels of MMA in blood (ρ = 0.25; P = 0.00013). The decline in circulating vitamin B12 levels is recapitulated in a rat model of natural aging where food composition and intake are stable. At the molecular level, these perturbations involve altered expression of amnionless in the ileum and kidney. Interestingly, we demonstrate that amnionless can be detected in serum where its levels increase during aging in both rodents and human (P = 3.3e-07 and 9.2e-07, respectively). Blood amnionless levels negatively correlate with vitamin B12 in rats (r2 = 0.305; P = 0.0042) and positively correlate with the vitamin B12 deficiency marker MMA in humans (ρ = 0.22; P = 0.00068). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that aging and frailty cause intrinsic vitamin B12 deficiencies, which can occur independently of nutritional intake. Mechanistically, vitamin B12 deficiency involves the physio-pathological decline of both the intestinal uptake and the renal reabsorption system for vitamin B12. Finally, amnionless is a novel biomarker which can detect perturbed vitamin B12 bioavailability during aging and physical frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Pannérec
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, Building H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eugenia Migliavacca
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, Building H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Joris Michaud
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, Building H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sonia Karaz
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, Building H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Goulet
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, Building H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Serge Rezzi
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, Building H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tze Pin Ng
- Gerontology Research Programme, Department of Psychological Medicine, Young Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Geriatric Education and Research Institute, Ministry of Health, Singapore
| | | | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network, Biopolis, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Jerome N Feige
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, Building H, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Shibata K, Nakata C, Fukuwatari T. High-performance liquid chromatographic method for profiling 2-oxo acids in urine and its application in evaluating vitamin status in rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2016; 80:304-12. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1083395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
B-group vitamins are involved in the catabolism of 2-oxo acids. To identify the functional biomarkers of B-group vitamins, we developed a high-performance liquid chromatographic method for profiling 2-oxo acids in urine and applied this method to urine samples from rats deficient in vitamins B1 and B6 and pantothenic acid. 2-Oxo acids were reacted with 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenebenzene to produce fluorescent derivatives, which were then separated using a TSKgel ODS-80Ts column with 30 mmol/L of KH2PO4 (pH 3.0):acetonitrile (7:3) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Vitamin B1 deficiency increased urinary levels of all 2-oxo acids, while vitamin B6 deficiency only increased levels of sum of 2-oxaloacetic acid and pyruvic acid, and pantothenic acid deficiency only increased levels of 2-oxoisovaleric acid. Profiles of 2-oxo acids in urine samples might be a non-invasive way of clarifying the functional biomarker of B-group vitamins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Shibata
- Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Japan
| | - Chifumi Nakata
- Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fukuwatari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Japan
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Shibata K, Fukuwatari T. Tissue vitamin concentrations are maintained constant by changing the urinary excretion rate of vitamins in rats' restricted food intake. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:2102-9. [PMID: 25117986 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.946393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that mild food restriction induces a reduction in tryptophan-nicotinamide conversion, which helps to explain why death secondary to pellagra is pandemic during the hungry season. In this study, we investigated the levels of B-group vitamins in the liver, kidney, blood, and urine in rats that underwent gradual restriction of food intake (80, 60, 40, and 20% restriction vs. ad libitum food intake). No significant differences in the B-group vitamin concentrations (mol/g tissue) in the liver and kidney were observed at any level of food restriction. However, the urine excretion rates exhibited some characteristic phenomena that differed by vitamin. These results show that the tissue concentrations of B-group vitamins were kept constant by changing the urinary elimination rates of vitamins under various levels of food restriction. Only vitamin B12 was the only (exception).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Shibata
- a School of Human Cultures, Department of Nutrition , The University of Shiga Prefecture , Hikone , Japan
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10
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Taguchi K, Fukusaki E, Bamba T. Simultaneous analysis for water- and fat-soluble vitamins by a novel single chromatography technique unifying supercritical fluid chromatography and liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1362:270-7. [PMID: 25200530 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Chromatography techniques usually use a single state in the mobile phase, such as liquid, gas, or supercritical fluid. Chromatographers manage one of these techniques for their purpose but are sometimes required to use multiple methods, or even worse, multiple techniques when the target compounds have a wide range of chemical properties. To overcome this challenge, we developed a single method covering a diverse compound range by means of a "unified" chromatography which completely bridges supercritical fluid chromatography and liquid chromatography. In our method, the phase state was continuously changed in the following order; supercritical, subcritical and liquid. Moreover, the gradient of the mobile phase starting at almost 100% CO2 was replaced with 100% methanol at the end completely. As a result, this approach achieved further extension of the polarity range of the mobile phase in a single run, and successfully enabled the simultaneous analysis of fat- and water-soluble vitamins with a wide logP range of -2.11 to 10.12. Furthermore, the 17 vitamins were exceptionally separated in 4min. Our results indicated that the use of dense CO2 and the replacement of CO2 by methanol are practical approaches in unified chromatography covering diverse compounds. Additionally, this is a first report to apply the novel approach to unified chromatography, and can open another door for diverse compound analysis in a single chromatographic technique with single injection, single column and single system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Taguchi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Fukusaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Shibata K, Hirose J, Fukuwatari T. Relationship Between Urinary Concentrations of Nine Water-soluble Vitamins and their Vitamin Intakes in Japanese Adult Males. Nutr Metab Insights 2014; 7:61-75. [PMID: 25210461 PMCID: PMC4134006 DOI: 10.4137/nmi.s17245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 06/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess water-soluble vitamins are thought to be eliminated in the urine. We have reported a strong relationship between water-soluble vitamin intake and urinary excretion in females. The relationship, however, is not well understood in males. In the present experiment, 10 Japanese male subjects were given a standard Japanese diet for the first week. The subjects remained on the same diet, and a synthesized water-soluble vitamin mixture containing one time the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for Japanese was given for the second week, three times the DRIs for the third week, and six times the DRIs for the fourth week. Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected each week. Urinary excretion levels for seven of the nine water-soluble vitamin levels, excluding vitamin B12 and folate, increased linearly and sharply in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that measuring urinary water-soluble vitamins can be good nutritional markers for assessing vitamin intakes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Shibata
- Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
| | - Junko Hirose
- Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fukuwatari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
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Shibata K. Studies on Creation of a New Method for Evaluating Vitamin Nutrition Using Human Urine Samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4327/jsnfs.66.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Shibata K, Tsuji T, Fukuwatari T. Intake and urinary amounts of biotin in Japanese elementary school children, college students, and elderly persons. Nutr Metab Insights 2013; 6:43-50. [PMID: 24812517 PMCID: PMC3999897 DOI: 10.4137/nmi.s12922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotin enzymes such as pyruvate carboxylase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase are involved with the most basic metabolism. Thus, it is very important to monitor the biotin nutritional status for maintaining good health. We examined urinary excretion and the intake of biotin in a Japanese sample population of 60 boys and 36 girls (10–12 y), 37 male and 135 female college students (18–27 y), and 35 female elderly persons (70–84 y) living freely. All food consumed, and the corresponding weighing, for 4 consecutive days were recorded. A 24-hour urine sample was collected on the fourth day, and the urine biotin was measured. The urine biotin at the fourth day was 57.8, 50.9, 81.0, 66.2, and 82.3 nmol/day in boys, girls, male students, female students, and elderly persons, respectively. The average intake of biotin for 4 consecutive days was 35, 31, 28, 26, and 32 μg/day in boys, girls, male students, female students, and elderly persons, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Shibata
- Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
| | - Tomiko Tsuji
- Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan. ; Department of Health and Nutrition, School of Health and Human Life, Nagoya Bunri University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fukuwatari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Human Cultures, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Shiga, Japan
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Krupp D, Doberstein N, Shi L, Remer T. Hippuric acid in 24-hour urine collections is a potential biomarker for fruit and vegetable consumption in healthy children and adolescents. J Nutr 2012; 142:1314-20. [PMID: 22623390 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.159319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An objective noninvasive biomarker for fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption would help to more reliably characterize the relationship between FV intake and health status in observational studies. Because increases in urinary hippuric acid (HA) were observed after consumption of several FV varieties, we aimed to investigate whether 24-h urinary HA may represent a potential biomarker for FV consumption in children and adolescents. The association of FV and juice (FVJ) intake calculated from 3-d weighed dietary records with 24-h urinary HA excretion was analyzed in 240 healthy children and adolescents and compared with associations of the established biomarkers urinary nitrogen (uN) and urinary potassium (uK) with protein and potassium intake, respectively. Spearman correlation coefficients (r) and cross-classifications were calculated for all diet-biomarker associations. Potential confounders for the HA-FVJ association were examined in linear regression models. In children, correlations of HA with FVJ (r = 0.62), uN with protein (r = 0.64), and potassium intake with uK (r = 0.65) were comparable. In adolescents, the HA-FVJ association was weaker (r = 0.41) compared with the biomarkers uN (r = 0.60) and uK (r = 0.58) (all P < 0.0001). Cross-classification into the same/adjacent quartile by dietary and urinary data were >85% for all analyzed comparisons except for a 75% classification agreement between HA and FVJ in adolescents. Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression models indicated significant (P < 0.0001) HA-FVJ associations in both age groups. FVJ explained more of the variability in HA excretion in children (R(2) = 0.38) than in adolescents (R(2) = 0.22). Our findings in children showing HA-FVJ associations comparable to those for well-established biomarkers with their respective dietary intakes suggest that HA may represent a useful biomarker for FVJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danika Krupp
- DONALD Study at the Research Institute of Child Nutrition, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Dortmund, Germany.
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15
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Different variations of tissue B-group vitamin concentrations in short- and long-term starved rats. Br J Nutr 2011; 107:52-60. [PMID: 21733331 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511002339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged starvation changes energy metabolism; therefore, the metabolic response to starvation is divided into three phases according to changes in glucose, lipid and protein utilisation. B-group vitamins are involved in energy metabolism via metabolism of carbohydrates, fatty acids and amino acids. To determine how changes in energy metabolism alter B-group vitamin concentrations during starvation, we measured the concentration of eight kinds of B-group vitamins daily in rat blood, urine and in nine tissues including cerebrum, heart, lung, stomach, kidney, liver, spleen, testis and skeletal muscle during 8 d of starvation. Vitamin B1, vitamin B6, pantothenic acid, folate and biotin concentrations in the blood reduced after 6 or 8 d of starvation, and other vitamins did not change. Urinary excretion was decreased during starvation for all B-group vitamins except pantothenic acid and biotin. Less variation in B-group vitamin concentrations was found in the cerebrum and spleen. Concentrations of vitamin B1, vitamin B6, nicotinamide and pantothenic acid increased in the liver. The skeletal muscle and stomach showed reduced concentrations of five vitamins including vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, pantothenic acid and folate. Concentrations of two or three vitamins decreased in the kidney, testis and heart, and these changes showed different patterns in each tissue and for each vitamin. The concentration of pantothenic acid rapidly decreased in the heart, stomach, kidney and testis, whereas concentrations of nicotinamide were stable in all tissues except the liver. Different variations in B-group vitamin concentrations in the tissues of starved rats were found. The present findings will lead to a suitable supplementation of vitamins for the prevention of the re-feeding syndrome.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND For some endocrine and nutritional biomarkers, for example, cortisol and vitamin B(12), significant associations between 24-hour renal analyte excretion and the respective 24-hour urine volume (U-Vol) have been reported. Therefore, our objective was to investigate whether 24-hour U-Vol (a marker of fluid intake) is also a relevant influencing factor of absolute daily iodine excretion. METHODS Urinary iodine excretion rates were measured in repeatedly collected 24-hour urine samples of (i) 9 healthy women participating in a controlled diet experiment with constant iodine intake and (ii) 204 healthy free-living adolescents (aged 13-18 years) who performed the respective urine collection during 2003-2008. Associations between U-Vol (L) and renal iodine excretion (μg/24 h) were investigated cross sectionally (multiple linear regression model, PROC GLM) and longitudinally (repeated-measures regression models, PROC MIXED). The major iodine sources in the adolescent's diet (iodized salt, milk, fish, eggs, and meat) were controlled for. RESULTS Urinary iodine excretion was significantly associated with 24-hour U-Vol in all performed fully adjusted regression models. A 1-L increase of U-Vol predicted an additional 15.0 μg/day (adolescents, 95% confidence interval: [9.8, 20.0], p < 0.0001) and 16.5 μg/day (women, 95% confidence interval: [9.2, 23.7], p = 0.0002) increase in iodine excretion. The longitudinal analysis in adolescents revealed a stronger relation of iodine excretion with U-Vol in girls than in boys (β = 17.1 vs. β = 10.5). CONCLUSION A high fluid consumption, and thus a high U-Vol, could lead to an additional renal iodine loss that obviously cannot be compensated by the iodine contents of non-milk-based beverages, reported to amount to ∼4 μg/L, on average. For specific research questions using the biomarker 24-hour urinary iodine excretion, U-Vol should therefore be considered as a potential confounder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone A Johner
- Research Institute of Child Nutrition (FKE), Dortmund, Germany.
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Tsuji T, Fukuwatari T, Sasaki S, Shibata K. Urinary excretion of vitamin B1, B2, B6, niacin, pantothenic acid, folate, and vitamin C correlates with dietary intakes of free-living elderly, female Japanese. Nutr Res 2010; 30:171-8. [PMID: 20417877 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Revised: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that 24-hour urinary excretion of water-soluble vitamins might correlate with their intake in free-living Japanese elderly females aged 70 to 84 years. We performed a cross-sectional study composed of 37 healthy, elderly, Japanese females living freely. All foods and the corresponding weights consumed for 4 consecutive days were recorded accurately. A 24-hour urine sample was collected on the fourth day, and the urinary content of water-soluble vitamins was measured. The urinary levels of all vitamins, except for B(12) (r = 0.01; P = .936), were correlated positively with the mean intake over the recent 4 days (vitamin B1: r = 0.62; P < .001; vitamin B2: r = 0.57; P < .001; vitamin B6: r = 0.37; P < .005; niacin: r = 0.54; P < .001; niacin equivalents: r = 0.54; P < .001; pantothenic acid: r = 0.59; P < .001; folate: r = 0.55; P = .001; and vitamin C: r = 0.53; P < .001). Mean estimated intakes of water-soluble vitamins calculated using urinary concentrations and recovery rates showed 96% to 107% of their 3-day mean intake, except for vitamin B12 (65%). We conclude that urinary levels of water-soluble vitamins, except for B12, reflected their recent intake in free-living Japanese elderly females and could be used as a measure of their intake during the previous few days both for group means and for individual rankings within a group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomiko Tsuji
- Department of Health and Nutrition, School of Health and Human Life, Nagoya Bunri University, Aichi 492-8520, Japan
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