lnc9141-a and -b Play a Different Role in Bovine Myoblast Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Differentiation

Transcriptome analysis of embryonic muscle development in Chengkou Mountain Chicken

BACKGROUND

Muscle is the predominant portion of any meat product, and growth performance and product quality are the core of modern breeding. The embryonic period is highly critical for muscle development, the number, shape and structure of muscle fibers are determined at the embryonic stage. Herein, we performed transcriptome analysis to reveal the law of muscle development in the embryonic stage of Chengkou Mountain Chicken at embryonic days (E) 12, 16, 19, 21.

RESULTS

Diameter and area of muscle fibers exhibited significant difference at different embryonic times(P < 0.01). A total of 16,330 mRNAs transcripts were detected, including 109 novel mRNAs transcripts. By comparing different embryonic muscle development time points, 2,262 in E12vsE16, 5,058 in E12vsE19, 6139 in E12vsE21, 1,282 in E16vsE19, 2,920 in E16vsE21, and 646 in E19vsE21differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. It is worth noting that 7,572 mRNAs were differentially expressed. The time-series expression profile of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that the rising and falling expression trends were significantly enriched. The significant enrichment trends included 3,150 DEGs. GO enrichment analysis provided three significantly enriched categories of significantly enriched differential genes, including 65 cellular components, 88 molecular functions, and 453 biological processes. Through KEGG analysis, we explored the biological metabolic pathways involved in differentially expressed genes. A total of 177 KEGG pathways were enriched, including 19 significant pathways, such as extracellular matrix-receptor interactions. Similarly, numerous pathways related to muscle development were found, including the Wnt signaling pathway (P < 0.05), MAPK signalingpathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and mTOR signaling pathway. Among the differentially expressed genes, we selected those involved in developing 4-time points; notably, up-regulated genes included MYH1F, SLC25A12, and HADHB, whereas the down-regulated genes included STMN1, VASH2, and TUBAL3.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study explored the embryonic muscle development of the Chengkou Mountain Chicken. A large number of DEGs related to muscle development have been identified ,and validation of key genes for embryonic development and preliminary explanation of their role in muscle development. Overall, this study broadened our current understanding of the phenotypic mechanism for myofiber formation and provides valuable information for improving chicken quality.

circFLT1 and lncCCPG1 Sponges miR-93 to Regulate the Proliferation and Differentiation of Adipocytes by Promoting lncSLC30A9 Expression

Although many circular RNAs (circRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discovered in adipocytes, their precise functions and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Based on existing circRNA and lncRNA sequencing data of bovine adipocytes, we screened for the differential expression of circFLT1 and lncCCPG1 in preadipocytes and adipocytes and further analyzed their function and regulation during adipogenesis. The overexpression of circFLT1 and lncCCPG1 together facilitated adipocyte differentiation and suppressed proliferation. Computationally, the RNA hybrid showed that circFLT1 and lncCCPG1 had multiple potential binding sites with miR-93. Additionally, luciferase reporting experiments verified that circFLT1 and lncCCPG1 may interact with miR-93. We also demonstrated that overexpressed miR-93 effectively suppresses the expression of lncSLC30A9. Signaling pathway enrichment analysis, luciferase activity assay, and expression analysis revealed that lncSLC30A9 inhibits proliferation by inhibiting the expression of AKT protein and promotes differentiation by recruiting the FOS protein to the promoter of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG). In sum, our results elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of circFLT1 and lncCCPG1 as miR-93 sponges in bovine adipocytes.