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Wu J, Wu J, Liu Z, Gong Y, Feng D, Xiang W, Fang S, Chen R, Wu Y, Huang S, Zhou Y, Liu N, Xu H, Zhou S, Liu B, Ni Z. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in joint diseases: Therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms. J Orthop Translat 2024; 48:53-69. [PMID: 39170747 PMCID: PMC11338158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Joint diseases greatly impact the daily lives and occupational functioning of patients globally. However, conventional treatments for joint diseases have several limitations, such as unsatisfatory efficacy and side effects, necessitating the exploration of more efficacious therapeutic strategies. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) have demonstrated high therapeutic efficacyin tissue repair and regeneration, with low immunogenicity and tumorigenicity. Recent studies have reported that EVs-based therapy has considerable therapeutic effects against joint diseases, including osteoarthritis, tendon and ligament injuries, femoral head osteonecrosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Herein, we review the therapeutic potential of various types of MSC-EVs in the aforementioned joint diseases, summarise the mechanisms underlying specific biological effects of MSC-EVs, and discuss future prospects for basic research on MSC-EV-based therapeutic modalities and their clinical translation. In general, this review provides an in-depth understanding of the therapeutic effects of MSC-EVs in joint diseases, as well as the underlying mechanisms, which may be beneficial to the clinical translation of MSC-EV-based treatment. The translational potential of this article: MSC-EV-based cell-free therapy can effectively promote regeneration and tissue repair. When used to treat joint diseases, MSC-EVs have demonstrated desirable therapeutic effects in preclinical research. This review may supplement further research on MSC-EV-based treatment of joint diseases and its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Wu
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sport Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Jiangyi Wu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sport Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Yunquan Gong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400022, China
| | - Daibo Feng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400022, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400022, China
| | - Shunzheng Fang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400022, China
| | - Ran Chen
- War Trauma Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 40038, China
| | - Yaran Wu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, Gantaoyan Street, Shapinba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sport Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Yizhao Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sport Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Ningning Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Zhengzhou People's Hospital), Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Siru Zhou
- War Trauma Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical Center, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 40038, China
| | - Baorong Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sport Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410000, China
| | - Zhenhong Ni
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400022, China
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Zhang K, Du L, Li Z, Huo Z, Shen L, Gao S, Jia Y, Zhu M, Xu B. M2 Macrophage-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Ameliorate Pyroptosis and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0047. [PMID: 38952714 PMCID: PMC11214826 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral discs (IVDs) have a limited self-regenerative capacity and current strategies for IVD regeneration are unsatisfactory. Recent studies showed that small extracellular vesicles derived from M2 macrophage cells (M2-sEVs) inhibited inflammation by delivery of various bioactive molecules to recipient cells, which indicated that M2-sEVs may offer a therapeutic strategy for the repair of IVDs. Herein, we investigated the roles and mechanisms of M2-sEVs on IVD regeneration. The in vitro results demonstrated that M2-sEVs inhibited pyroptosis, preserved cellular viability, and promoted migration of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs). Bioinformatics analysis and verification experiments of microRNA (miR) expression showed that miR-221-3p was highly expressed in M2-sEVs. The mechanism of action was explored and indicated that M2-sEVs inhibited pyroptosis of NPCs through transfer of miR-221-3p, which suppressed the expression levels of phosphatase and tensin homolog and NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3. Moreover, we fabricated decellularized ECM-hydrogel (dECM) for sustained release of M2-sEVs, which exhibited biocompatibility and controlled release properties. The in vivo results revealed that dECM-hydrogel containing M2-sEVs (dECM/M2-sEVs) delayed the degeneration of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) models. In addition to demonstrating a promising therapeutic for IDD, this study provided valuable data for furthering the understanding of the roles and mechanisms of M2-sEVs in IVD regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihui Zhang
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital,
Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Lilong Du
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital,
Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital,
Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zhenxin Huo
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital,
Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital,
Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Shan Gao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yiming Jia
- Department of Stomatology, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, Inner Mongolia 024000, China
| | - Meifeng Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education),
Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Baoshan Xu
- Department of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital,
Tianjin University, Tianjin 300211, China
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3
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Balachander GM, Nilawar S, Meka SRK, Ghosh LD, Chatterjee K. Unravelling microRNA regulation and miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks in osteogenesis driven by 3D nanotopographical cues. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:978-989. [PMID: 38189225 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01597a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) culturing of cells is being adopted for developing tissues for various applications such as mechanistic studies, drug testing, tissue regeneration, and animal-free meat. These approaches often involve cost-effective differentiation of stem or progenitor cells. One approach is to exploit architectural cues on a 3D substrate to drive cellular differentiation, which has been shown to be effective in various studies. Although extensive gene expression data from such studies have shown that gene expression patterns might differ, the gene regulatory networks controlling the expression of genes are rarely studied. In this study, we profiled genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) via next-generation sequencing (NGS) in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) driven toward osteogenesis via architectural cues in 3D matrices (3D conditions) and compared with cells in two-dimensional (2D) culture driven toward osteogenesis via soluble osteoinductive factors (OF conditions). The total number of differentially expressed genes was smaller in 3D compared to OF conditions. A distinct set of genes was observed under these conditions that have been shown to control osteogenic differentiation via different pathways. Small RNA sequencing revealed a core set of miRNAs to be differentially expressed under these conditions, similar to those that have been previously implicated in osteogenesis. We also observed a distinct regulation of miRNAs in these samples that can modulate gene expression, suggesting supplementary gene regulatory networks operative under different stimuli. This study provides insights into studying gene regulatory networks for identifying critical nodes to target for enhanced cellular differentiation and reveal the differences in physical and biochemical cues to drive cell fates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowri Manohari Balachander
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Varanasi-221005, India.
| | - Sagar Nilawar
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
| | - Sai Rama Krishna Meka
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
| | - Lopamudra Das Ghosh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
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4
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Wang P, Shao W, Li Z, Wang B, Lv X, Huang Y, Feng Y. Non-bone-derived exosomes: a new perspective on regulators of bone homeostasis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:70. [PMID: 38273356 PMCID: PMC10811851 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01431-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that exosomes help to regulate bone homeostasis. The roles of bone-derived exosomes have been well-described; however, recent studies have shown that some non-bone-derived exosomes have better bone targeting ability than bone-derived exosomes and that their performance as a drug delivery vehicle for regulating bone homeostasis may be better than that of bone-derived exosomes, and the sources of non-bone-derived exosomes are more extensive and can thus be better for clinical needs. Here, we sort non-bone-derived exosomes and describe their composition and biogenesis. Their roles and specific mechanisms in bone homeostasis and bone-related diseases are also discussed. Furthermore, we reveal obstacles to current research and future challenges in the practical application of exosomes, and we provide potential strategies for more effective application of exosomes for the regulation of bone homeostasis and the treatment of bone-related diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wenkai Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zilin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yiyao Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yong Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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5
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Ren SW, Cao GQ, Zhu QR, He MG, Wu F, Kong SM, Zhang ZY, Wang Q, Wang F. Retraction for: Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells promote osteogenesis through the AKT signaling pathway in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:14506. [PMID: 38097356 PMCID: PMC10756099 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Wei Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, The Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Guang-Qing Cao
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Qing-Run Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Min-Gang He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Tumor Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Health, 960th Hospital of PLA, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Su-Mei Kong
- Department of Health, 960th Hospital of PLA, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Health, 960th Hospital of PLA, Jinan 250031, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
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6
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Xie J, Hu Y, Su W, Chen S, Wang J, Liang S, Chen M, Wang H, Ma T. PLGA nanoparticles engineering extracellular vesicles from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates polyethylene particles induced periprosthetic osteolysis. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:398. [PMID: 37904168 PMCID: PMC10617042 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The wear particle-induced dissolution of bone around implants is a significant pathological factor in aseptic loosening, and controlling prosthetic aseptic loosening holds crucial social significance. While human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (HucMSCs-Exos, Exos) have been found to effectively promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis, their role in periprosthetic osteolysis remains unexplored. To enhance their in vivo application, we engineered HucMSCs-Exos-encapsulated poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (PLGA-Exos). In our study, we demonstrate that PLGA-Exos stimulate osteogenic differentiation while inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent osteoclast differentiation in vitro. In vivo imaging revealed that PLGA-Exos released exosomes slowly and maintained a therapeutic concentration. Our in vivo experiments demonstrated that PLGA-Exos effectively suppressed osteolysis induced by polyethylene particles. These findings suggest that PLGA-Exos hold potential as a therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of periprosthetic osteolysis. Furthermore, they provide novel insights for the clinical management of osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiping Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sijie Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shuailong Liang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Mingyu Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haoyi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Tianliang Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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7
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Liu R, Wu S, Liu W, Wang L, Dong M, Niu W. microRNAs delivered by small extracellular vesicles in MSCs as an emerging tool for bone regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1249860. [PMID: 37720323 PMCID: PMC10501734 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1249860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a dynamic process that involves angiogenesis and the balance of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. In bone tissue engineering, the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising approach to restore bone homeostasis. MSCs, particularly their small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), exert therapeutic effects due to their paracrine capability. Increasing evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) delivered by sEVs from MSCs (MSCs-sEVs) can alter gene expression in recipient cells and enhance bone regeneration. As an ideal delivery vehicle of miRNAs, MSCs-sEVs combine the high bioavailability and stability of sEVs with osteogenic ability of miRNAs, which can effectively overcome the challenge of low delivery efficiency in miRNA therapy. In this review, we focus on the recent advancements in the use of miRNAs delivered by MSCs-sEVs for bone regeneration and disorders. Additionally, we summarize the changes in miRNA expression in osteogenic-related MSCs-sEVs under different microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ming Dong
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weidong Niu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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8
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Doghish AS, Elballal MS, Elazazy O, Elesawy AE, Shahin RK, Midan HM, Sallam AAM, Elbadry AM, Mohamed AK, Ishak NW, Hassan KA, Ayoub AM, Shalaby RE, Elrebehy MA. miRNAs as potential game-changers in bone diseases: Future medicinal and clinical uses. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 245:154440. [PMID: 37031531 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), short, highly conserved non-coding RNA, influence gene expression by sequential mechanisms such as mRNA breakdown or translational repression. Many biological processes depend on these regulating substances, thus changes in their expression have an impact on the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and result in the emergence of a variety of diseases. Relevant studies have shown in recent years that miRNAs are involved in many stages of bone development and growth. Additionally, abnormal production of miRNA in bone tissues has been closely associated with the development of numerous bone disorders, such as osteonecrosis, bone cancer, and bone metastases. Many pathological processes, including bone loss, metastasis, the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells, and differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, are under the control of miRNAs. By bringing together the most up-to-date information on the clinical relevance of miRNAs in such diseases, this study hopes to further the study of the biological features of miRNAs in bone disorders and explore their potential as a therapeutic target.
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9
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Gerami MH, Khorram R, Rasoolzadegan S, Mardpour S, Nakhaei P, Hashemi S, Al-Naqeeb BZT, Aminian A, Samimi S. Emerging role of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and MSCs-derived exosomes in bone- and joint-associated musculoskeletal disorders: a new frontier. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:86. [PMID: 36803566 PMCID: PMC9939872 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are membranous vesicles with a 30 to 150 nm diameter secreted by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and other cells, such as immune cells and cancer cells. Exosomes convey proteins, bioactive lipids, and genetic components to recipient cells, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). Consequently, they have been implicated in regulating intercellular communication mediators under physiological and pathological circumstances. Exosomes therapy as a cell-free approach bypasses many concerns regarding the therapeutic application of stem/stromal cells, including undesirable proliferation, heterogeneity, and immunogenic effects. Indeed, exosomes have become a promising strategy to treat human diseases, particularly bone- and joint-associated musculoskeletal disorders, because of their characteristics, such as potentiated stability in circulation, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and toxicity. In this light, a diversity of studies have indicated that inhibiting inflammation, inducing angiogenesis, provoking osteoblast and chondrocyte proliferation and migration, and negative regulation of matrix-degrading enzymes result in bone and cartilage recovery upon administration of MSCs-derived exosomes. Notwithstanding, insufficient quantity of isolated exosomes, lack of reliable potency test, and exosomes heterogeneity hurdle their application in clinics. Herein, we will deliver an outline respecting the advantages of MSCs-derived exosomes-based therapy in common bone- and joint-associated musculoskeletal disorders. Moreover, we will have a glimpse the underlying mechanism behind the MSCs-elicited therapeutic merits in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hadi Gerami
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Roya Khorram
- grid.412571.40000 0000 8819 4698Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soheil Rasoolzadegan
- grid.411600.2Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Mardpour
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooria Nakhaei
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheyla Hashemi
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XObstetrician, Gynaecology & Infertility Department, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Amir Aminian
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sahar Samimi
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Lin C, Yang Y, Wang Y, Jing H, Bai X, Hong Z, Zhang C, Gao H, Zhang L. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts-derived exosomes induced by PGE 2 inhibit human periodontal ligament stem cells osteogenic differentiation via activating miR-34c-5p/SATB2/ERK. Exp Cell Res 2022; 419:113318. [PMID: 35981635 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have confirmed that exosomes containing microRNAs (miRNAs) from the aseptic inflammatory microenvironment play an important role in bone remodeling. But the mechanism that induces changes in the osteogenic ability of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) is still unclear. In the present study, the osteogenic function of periodontal ligament fibroblasts-derived exosomes induced by PGE2 on PDLSCs was detected by real-time PCR, alizarin red assay and alkaline phosphatase staining. High-throughput miRNAs sequencing was used to reveal that miR-34c-5p in exosomes-PGE2 was upregulated compared it in exosomes-normal. Real-time PCR and western blotting assay verified that overexpression of miR-34c-5p inhibited osteogenic differentiation, and reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2. In addition, dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-34c-5p targeted special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2). It was shown that exosomal miR-34c-5p inhibited osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs via SATB2/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Lin
- School of Clinical Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, 300041, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, 75 Dagu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- School of Clinical Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, 300041, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, 75 Dagu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Yingxue Wang
- School of Clinical Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China; Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, 300041, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, 75 Dagu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Heng Jing
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, 300041, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, 75 Dagu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Xinyi Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Zheng Hong
- Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, 300041, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, 75 Dagu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300041, China.
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, 300041, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, 75 Dagu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300041, China.
| | - Linkun Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, 300041, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, 75 Dagu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300041, China.
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11
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Educating EVs to Improve Bone Regeneration: Getting Closer to the Clinic. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031865. [PMID: 35163787 PMCID: PMC8836395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of bone-related disorders is continuously growing as the aging of the population in developing countries continues to increase. Although therapeutic interventions for bone regeneration exist, their effectiveness is questioned, especially under certain circumstances, such as critical size defects. This gap of curative options has led to the search for new and more effective therapeutic approaches for bone regeneration; among them, the possibility of using extracellular vesicles (EVs) is gaining ground. EVs are secreted, biocompatible, nano-sized vesicles that play a pivotal role as messengers between donor and target cells, mediated by their specific cargo. Evidence shows that bone-relevant cells secrete osteoanabolic EVs, whose functionality can be further improved by several strategies. This, together with the low immunogenicity of EVs and their storage advantages, make them attractive candidates for clinical prospects in bone regeneration. However, before EVs reach clinical translation, a number of concerns should be addressed. Unraveling the EVs’ mode of action in bone regeneration is one of them; the molecular mediators driving their osteoanabolic effects in acceptor cells are now beginning to be uncovered. Increasing the functional and bone targeting abilities of EVs are also matters of intense research. Here, we summarize the cell sources offering osteoanabolic EVs, and the current knowledge about the molecular cargos that mediate bone regeneration. Moreover, we discuss strategies under development to improve the osteoanabolic and bone-targeting potential of EVs.
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Li Y, Xu Z, Chang S. Glucocorticoids induce osteonecrosis of the femoral head through the Hippo signaling pathway. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:1130-1140. [PMID: 34746414 PMCID: PMC8549681 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) induced by glucocorticoids (GCs) has been considered to be associated with the dysfunction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Studies have reported that GCs can regulate the normal differentiation of BMSCs. However, the exact mechanism of this regulation remains unclear. In this study, we used methylprednisolone (MPS) to induce BMSCs, and then found that the Hippo signaling pathway was upregulated in a dose-dependent manner compared to that in the control group. In addition, the osteogenic ability of BMSCs was decreased, as evaluated by Alizarin Red S staining analysis and alkaline phosphatase activity assays, accompanied by the downregulated expression of Runx2, osteopontin, and osteocalcin. Additionally, the adipogenic capacity of BMSCs under the MPS conditions was increased, as identified by Oil Red O staining with upregulated triglyceride and PPARγ expression. Moreover, suppression by knockdown of MST1 was found to attenuate the Hippo signaling pathway and adipogenic differentiation, while enhancing osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, our findings revealed that the Hippo signaling pathway was involved in GC-ONFH by affecting the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacities of BMSCs. Our study could provide a basis for further investigation of the specific function of the Hippo pathway in ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No. 278 Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zechuan Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital), Chengdu 610057, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, No. 278 Baoguang Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Pant T, Juric M, Bosnjak ZJ, Dhanasekaran A. Recent Insight on the Non-coding RNAs in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Regulatory and Therapeutic Role in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:737512. [PMID: 34660740 PMCID: PMC8517144 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.737512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering over the past few decades have paved the path for cell-free therapy. Numerous stem cell types, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have been reported to impart therapeutic effects via paracrine secretion of exosomes. The underlying factors and the associated mechanisms contributing to these MSC-derived exosomes' protective effects are, however, poorly understood, limiting their application in the clinic. The exosomes exhibit a diversified repertoire of functional non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and have the potential to transfer these biologically active transcripts to the recipient cells, where they are found to modulate a diverse array of functions. Altered expression of the ncRNAs in the exosomes has been linked with the regenerative potential and development of various diseases, including cardiac, neurological, skeletal, and cancer. Also, modulating the expression of ncRNAs in these exosomes has been found to improve their therapeutic impact. Moreover, many of these ncRNAs are expressed explicitly in the MSC-derived exosomes, making them ideal candidates for regenerative medicine, including tissue engineering research. In this review, we detail the recent advances in regenerative medicine and summarize the evidence supporting the altered expression of the ncRNA repertoire specific to MSCs under different degenerative diseases. We also discuss the therapeutic role of these ncRNA for the prevention of these various degenerative diseases and their future in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Pant
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Matea Juric
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Zeljko J Bosnjak
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Abak A, Tavakkoli Avval S, Rahmani S, Shoorei H, Taheri M, Samadian M. Contribution of miRNAs and lncRNAs in osteogenesis and related disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111942. [PMID: 34311172 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs have been found to regulate several developmental processes among them is osteogenesis. Although these transcripts have several distinct classes, two classes i.e. microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs have attained more attention. These transcripts regulate intramembranous as well as endochondral ossification processes. The effects of microRNAs on osteogenesis are mostly mediated through modulation of Wnt/β-catenin and TGFβ/BMP pathways. Long non-coding RNAs can directly affect expression of these pathways or osteogenic transcription factors. Moreover, they can serve as a molecular sponge for miRNAs. MALAT1/miR-30, MALAt1/miR-214, LEF1-AS1/miR-24-3p, MCF2L-AS1/miR-33a, MSC-AS1/miR-140-5p and KCNQ1OT1/miR-214 are examples of such kind of interaction between lncRNAs and miRNAs in the context of osteogenesis. In the current paper, we explain these two classes of non-coding RNAs in the osteogenesis and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shayan Rahmani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Samadian
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Yang W, Zhu W, Yang Y, Guo M, Qian H, Jiang W, Chen Y, Lian C, Xu Z, Bai H, Chen T, Zhang J. Exosomal miR-100-5p inhibits osteogenesis of hBMSCs and angiogenesis of HUVECs by suppressing the BMPR2/Smad1/5/9 signalling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:390. [PMID: 34256859 PMCID: PMC8278698 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH) is a common, progressive, and refractory orthopaedic disease. Decreased osteogenesis and angiogenesis are considered the main factors in the pathogenesis of NONFH. We aimed to figure out whether exosomes and exosomal miRNA from necrotic bone tissues of patients with NONFH are involved in the pathogenesis of NONFH and reveal the underlying mechanisms. Methods RT-PCR and western blotting (WB) were used to detect the expression of osteogenic, adipogenic, and angiogenic markers. ALP staining and Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining were used to evaluate osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). Oil Red O staining was performed to assess the adipocyte deposition. A tube formation assay was used to study angiogenesis of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). H&E staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were used to detect the effect of the NONFH exosomes in vivo. MicroRNA sequencing was conducted to identify potential regulators in the NONFH exosomes. The target relationship between miR-100-5p and BMPR2 was predicted and confirmed by a dual luciferase reporter assay and WB. Results The NONFH exosomes reduced the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and angiogenesis of HUVECs. In addition, the injection of the NONFH exosomes caused thinning and disruption of bone trabeculae in the femoral heads of rats. MiR-100-5p expression was upregulated in the NONFH exosomes and inhibited the osteogenesis of hBMSCs and angiogenesis of HUVECs by targeting BMPR2 and suppressing the BMPR2/SMAD1/5/9 signalling pathway. Silencing miR-100-5p expression rescued the reduction in osteogenesis and angiogenesis caused by the NONFH exosomes by activating the BMPR2/SMAD1/5/9 signalling pathway. Conclusion The NONFH exosomal miR-100-5p can lead to NONFH-like damage by targeting BMPR2 and suppressing the BMPR2/SMAD1/5/9 signalling pathway, which may be involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (NONFH). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-021-02438-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Weiwen Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yunfei Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Minkang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Husun Qian
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Weiqian Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chengjie Lian
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zijie Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Haobo Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Tingmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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